Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) increases anti-PD-1 antitumor activity by enhancing the tumor immune microenvironment in mice with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma

Background To explore the effect of radiotherapy on anti-pd-1 anti-tumor activity in metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Patients with metastatic HCC treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in combination with immunotherapy ( n = 13) were retrospectively analyzed by compa...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Discover. Oncology Vol. 16; no. 1; pp. 1081 - 19
Main Authors:	Xu, Ke, Gu, Tao, Su, Ke, Liu, Xin, He, Bingsheng, He, Jie, Chi, Hao, Zhou, Xuancheng, Liu, Hanlin, Xiao, Rui, Tang, Xue, Ye, Qinni, Zhou, Xue, Liu, Yingpeng, Xiong, Jie, Wang, Pan, Li, Han, He, Kun, Guo, Lu, Han, Yunwei
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	New York Springer US 13.06.2025 Springer Nature B.V Springer
Subjects:	Antibodies Biotechnology Cancer Research Cancer therapies Cell culture Disease Ethics Fatalities FDA approval Hepatitis Hospitals Hypoxia Immune system Immunotherapy Internal Medicine Liver cancer Liver cirrhosis Lymphocytes Medical research Medicine Medicine & Public Health Metastasis Metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma Molecular Medicine Oncology PD-1 antibody Penicillin Radiation therapy Radiotherapy Stereotactic body radiation therapy Surgical Oncology Toxic effects Transplants & implants Tumor immune microenvironment Tumors Viral infections United States > US China Tumor immune microenvironment Stereotactic body radiation therapy Toxic effects PD-1 antibody Immunotherapy Metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma
ISSN:	2730-6011, 2730-6011
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Abstract	Background To explore the effect of radiotherapy on anti-pd-1 anti-tumor activity in metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Patients with metastatic HCC treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in combination with immunotherapy ( n = 13) were retrospectively analyzed by comparing its efficacy with that of immunotherapy alone ( n = 12) as well as untreated ( n = 20) patients with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. Animal experiment used mouse hepatocellular carcinoma H22 cell metastatic tumor model and were also divided into a control group, a PD-1 antibody group, an SBRT group, and an SBRT combined with a PD-1 antibody group. SBRT treatment is 8 Gy×3 F. The growth curves of body weight, irradiated tumor (the primary tumor), and non-irradiated tumor (secondary tumor) were plotted for each group of tumor-bearing mice. For this study, we used flow cytometry to examine effector CD8 + T cells expression in both irradiated and non-irradiated tumors, the CD4 + T and CD4+/CD8 + T cells ratio in the spleen, and used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to analyze the concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-10 in serum. Tumors were additionally stained with immunohistochemistry Ki-67 and TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). We used hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining of liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, and heart to assess the anti-tumor activity of each group of tumor-bearing mice and their tolerance to determine the safety of the approach. Results Clinical results: The median survival of IMRT + PD-1 group, PD-1 group, and control group were 17.5 months (95Confidence Interval (CI) 13.2–21.8), 12.5 months (95CI 9.0–16.0), and 5.2 months (95CI 5.5–12.9), respectively ( P < 0.001). SBRT combined with PD-1 antibody improved tumor control in both radiated and non-radiated tumors, resulting in a complete cure of the half of mice in animal studies. This was linked to an increased in CD8 + effector T cells infiltration triggered by radiotherapy. HE staining of mice in the SBRT combined with the PD-1 treatment group suggested no damage to the liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, and heart. Conclusions This study showed that SBRT, while being well-tolerated, significantly increased anti-PD-1 antitumor activity by enhancing the tumor immune microenvironment in mice with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma without significant toxic side effects. Disclaimer : This manuscript was previously submitted as a preprint only in Experimental Hematology & Oncology and has no conflict of interest with this submission.
AbstractList	To explore the effect of radiotherapy on anti-pd-1 anti-tumor activity in metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients with metastatic HCC treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in combination with immunotherapy (n = 13) were retrospectively analyzed by comparing its efficacy with that of immunotherapy alone (n = 12) as well as untreated (n = 20) patients with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. Animal experiment used mouse hepatocellular carcinoma H22 cell metastatic tumor model and were also divided into a control group, a PD-1 antibody group, an SBRT group, and an SBRT combined with a PD-1 antibody group. SBRT treatment is 8 Gy×3 F. The growth curves of body weight, irradiated tumor (the primary tumor), and non-irradiated tumor (secondary tumor) were plotted for each group of tumor-bearing mice. For this study, we used flow cytometry to examine effector CD8 + T cells expression in both irradiated and non-irradiated tumors, the CD4 + T and CD4+/CD8 + T cells ratio in the spleen, and used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to analyze the concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-10 in serum. Tumors were additionally stained with immunohistochemistry Ki-67 and TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). We used hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining of liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, and heart to assess the anti-tumor activity of each group of tumor-bearing mice and their tolerance to determine the safety of the approach. Clinical results: The median survival of IMRT + PD-1 group, PD-1 group, and control group were 17.5 months (95Confidence Interval (CI) 13.2-21.8), 12.5 months (95CI 9.0-16.0), and 5.2 months (95CI 5.5-12.9), respectively (P < 0.001). SBRT combined with PD-1 antibody improved tumor control in both radiated and non-radiated tumors, resulting in a complete cure of the half of mice in animal studies. This was linked to an increased in CD8 + effector T cells infiltration triggered by radiotherapy. HE staining of mice in the SBRT combined with the PD-1 treatment group suggested no damage to the liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, and heart. This study showed that SBRT, while being well-tolerated, significantly increased anti-PD-1 antitumor activity by enhancing the tumor immune microenvironment in mice with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma without significant toxic side effects. This manuscript was previously submitted as a preprint only in Experimental Hematology & Oncology and has no conflict of interest with this submission. Abstract Background To explore the effect of radiotherapy on anti-pd-1 anti-tumor activity in metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Patients with metastatic HCC treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in combination with immunotherapy (n = 13) were retrospectively analyzed by comparing its efficacy with that of immunotherapy alone (n = 12) as well as untreated (n = 20) patients with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. Animal experiment used mouse hepatocellular carcinoma H22 cell metastatic tumor model and were also divided into a control group, a PD-1 antibody group, an SBRT group, and an SBRT combined with a PD-1 antibody group. SBRT treatment is 8 Gy×3 F. The growth curves of body weight, irradiated tumor (the primary tumor), and non-irradiated tumor (secondary tumor) were plotted for each group of tumor-bearing mice. For this study, we used flow cytometry to examine effector CD8 + T cells expression in both irradiated and non-irradiated tumors, the CD4 + T and CD4+/CD8 + T cells ratio in the spleen, and used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to analyze the concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-10 in serum. Tumors were additionally stained with immunohistochemistry Ki-67 and TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). We used hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining of liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, and heart to assess the anti-tumor activity of each group of tumor-bearing mice and their tolerance to determine the safety of the approach. Results Clinical results: The median survival of IMRT + PD-1 group, PD-1 group, and control group were 17.5 months (95Confidence Interval (CI) 13.2–21.8), 12.5 months (95CI 9.0–16.0), and 5.2 months (95CI 5.5–12.9), respectively (P < 0.001). SBRT combined with PD-1 antibody improved tumor control in both radiated and non-radiated tumors, resulting in a complete cure of the half of mice in animal studies. This was linked to an increased in CD8 + effector T cells infiltration triggered by radiotherapy. HE staining of mice in the SBRT combined with the PD-1 treatment group suggested no damage to the liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, and heart. Conclusions This study showed that SBRT, while being well-tolerated, significantly increased anti-PD-1 antitumor activity by enhancing the tumor immune microenvironment in mice with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma without significant toxic side effects. Disclaimer : This manuscript was previously submitted as a preprint only in Experimental Hematology & Oncology and has no conflict of interest with this submission. BackgroundTo explore the effect of radiotherapy on anti-pd-1 anti-tumor activity in metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma.MethodsPatients with metastatic HCC treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in combination with immunotherapy (n = 13) were retrospectively analyzed by comparing its efficacy with that of immunotherapy alone (n = 12) as well as untreated (n = 20) patients with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. Animal experiment used mouse hepatocellular carcinoma H22 cell metastatic tumor model and were also divided into a control group, a PD-1 antibody group, an SBRT group, and an SBRT combined with a PD-1 antibody group. SBRT treatment is 8 Gy×3 F. The growth curves of body weight, irradiated tumor (the primary tumor), and non-irradiated tumor (secondary tumor) were plotted for each group of tumor-bearing mice. For this study, we used flow cytometry to examine effector CD8 + T cells expression in both irradiated and non-irradiated tumors, the CD4 + T and CD4+/CD8 + T cells ratio in the spleen, and used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to analyze the concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-10 in serum. Tumors were additionally stained with immunohistochemistry Ki-67 and TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). We used hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining of liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, and heart to assess the anti-tumor activity of each group of tumor-bearing mice and their tolerance to determine the safety of the approach.ResultsClinical results: The median survival of IMRT + PD-1 group, PD-1 group, and control group were 17.5 months (95Confidence Interval (CI) 13.2–21.8), 12.5 months (95CI 9.0–16.0), and 5.2 months (95CI 5.5–12.9), respectively (P < 0.001). SBRT combined with PD-1 antibody improved tumor control in both radiated and non-radiated tumors, resulting in a complete cure of the half of mice in animal studies. This was linked to an increased in CD8 + effector T cells infiltration triggered by radiotherapy. HE staining of mice in the SBRT combined with the PD-1 treatment group suggested no damage to the liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, and heart.ConclusionsThis study showed that SBRT, while being well-tolerated, significantly increased anti-PD-1 antitumor activity by enhancing the tumor immune microenvironment in mice with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma without significant toxic side effects.Disclaimer: This manuscript was previously submitted as a preprint only in Experimental Hematology & Oncology and has no conflict of interest with this submission. Background To explore the effect of radiotherapy on anti-pd-1 anti-tumor activity in metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Patients with metastatic HCC treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in combination with immunotherapy ( n = 13) were retrospectively analyzed by comparing its efficacy with that of immunotherapy alone ( n = 12) as well as untreated ( n = 20) patients with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. Animal experiment used mouse hepatocellular carcinoma H22 cell metastatic tumor model and were also divided into a control group, a PD-1 antibody group, an SBRT group, and an SBRT combined with a PD-1 antibody group. SBRT treatment is 8 Gy×3 F. The growth curves of body weight, irradiated tumor (the primary tumor), and non-irradiated tumor (secondary tumor) were plotted for each group of tumor-bearing mice. For this study, we used flow cytometry to examine effector CD8 + T cells expression in both irradiated and non-irradiated tumors, the CD4 + T and CD4+/CD8 + T cells ratio in the spleen, and used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to analyze the concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-10 in serum. Tumors were additionally stained with immunohistochemistry Ki-67 and TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). We used hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining of liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, and heart to assess the anti-tumor activity of each group of tumor-bearing mice and their tolerance to determine the safety of the approach. Results Clinical results: The median survival of IMRT + PD-1 group, PD-1 group, and control group were 17.5 months (95Confidence Interval (CI) 13.2–21.8), 12.5 months (95CI 9.0–16.0), and 5.2 months (95CI 5.5–12.9), respectively ( P < 0.001). SBRT combined with PD-1 antibody improved tumor control in both radiated and non-radiated tumors, resulting in a complete cure of the half of mice in animal studies. This was linked to an increased in CD8 + effector T cells infiltration triggered by radiotherapy. HE staining of mice in the SBRT combined with the PD-1 treatment group suggested no damage to the liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, and heart. Conclusions This study showed that SBRT, while being well-tolerated, significantly increased anti-PD-1 antitumor activity by enhancing the tumor immune microenvironment in mice with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma without significant toxic side effects. Disclaimer : This manuscript was previously submitted as a preprint only in Experimental Hematology & Oncology and has no conflict of interest with this submission. To explore the effect of radiotherapy on anti-pd-1 anti-tumor activity in metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma.BACKGROUNDTo explore the effect of radiotherapy on anti-pd-1 anti-tumor activity in metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma.Patients with metastatic HCC treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in combination with immunotherapy (n = 13) were retrospectively analyzed by comparing its efficacy with that of immunotherapy alone (n = 12) as well as untreated (n = 20) patients with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. Animal experiment used mouse hepatocellular carcinoma H22 cell metastatic tumor model and were also divided into a control group, a PD-1 antibody group, an SBRT group, and an SBRT combined with a PD-1 antibody group. SBRT treatment is 8 Gy×3 F. The growth curves of body weight, irradiated tumor (the primary tumor), and non-irradiated tumor (secondary tumor) were plotted for each group of tumor-bearing mice. For this study, we used flow cytometry to examine effector CD8 + T cells expression in both irradiated and non-irradiated tumors, the CD4 + T and CD4+/CD8 + T cells ratio in the spleen, and used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to analyze the concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-10 in serum. Tumors were additionally stained with immunohistochemistry Ki-67 and TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). We used hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining of liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, and heart to assess the anti-tumor activity of each group of tumor-bearing mice and their tolerance to determine the safety of the approach.METHODSPatients with metastatic HCC treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in combination with immunotherapy (n = 13) were retrospectively analyzed by comparing its efficacy with that of immunotherapy alone (n = 12) as well as untreated (n = 20) patients with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. Animal experiment used mouse hepatocellular carcinoma H22 cell metastatic tumor model and were also divided into a control group, a PD-1 antibody group, an SBRT group, and an SBRT combined with a PD-1 antibody group. SBRT treatment is 8 Gy×3 F. The growth curves of body weight, irradiated tumor (the primary tumor), and non-irradiated tumor (secondary tumor) were plotted for each group of tumor-bearing mice. For this study, we used flow cytometry to examine effector CD8 + T cells expression in both irradiated and non-irradiated tumors, the CD4 + T and CD4+/CD8 + T cells ratio in the spleen, and used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to analyze the concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-10 in serum. Tumors were additionally stained with immunohistochemistry Ki-67 and TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). We used hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining of liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, and heart to assess the anti-tumor activity of each group of tumor-bearing mice and their tolerance to determine the safety of the approach.Clinical results: The median survival of IMRT + PD-1 group, PD-1 group, and control group were 17.5 months (95Confidence Interval (CI) 13.2-21.8), 12.5 months (95CI 9.0-16.0), and 5.2 months (95CI 5.5-12.9), respectively (P < 0.001). SBRT combined with PD-1 antibody improved tumor control in both radiated and non-radiated tumors, resulting in a complete cure of the half of mice in animal studies. This was linked to an increased in CD8 + effector T cells infiltration triggered by radiotherapy. HE staining of mice in the SBRT combined with the PD-1 treatment group suggested no damage to the liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, and heart.RESULTSClinical results: The median survival of IMRT + PD-1 group, PD-1 group, and control group were 17.5 months (95Confidence Interval (CI) 13.2-21.8), 12.5 months (95CI 9.0-16.0), and 5.2 months (95CI 5.5-12.9), respectively (P < 0.001). SBRT combined with PD-1 antibody improved tumor control in both radiated and non-radiated tumors, resulting in a complete cure of the half of mice in animal studies. This was linked to an increased in CD8 + effector T cells infiltration triggered by radiotherapy. HE staining of mice in the SBRT combined with the PD-1 treatment group suggested no damage to the liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, and heart.This study showed that SBRT, while being well-tolerated, significantly increased anti-PD-1 antitumor activity by enhancing the tumor immune microenvironment in mice with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma without significant toxic side effects.CONCLUSIONSThis study showed that SBRT, while being well-tolerated, significantly increased anti-PD-1 antitumor activity by enhancing the tumor immune microenvironment in mice with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma without significant toxic side effects.This manuscript was previously submitted as a preprint only in Experimental Hematology & Oncology and has no conflict of interest with this submission.DISCLAIMERThis manuscript was previously submitted as a preprint only in Experimental Hematology & Oncology and has no conflict of interest with this submission.
ArticleNumber	1081
Author	He, Jie Chi, Hao Liu, Yingpeng Xu, Ke Ye, Qinni Xiong, Jie Liu, Hanlin Wang, Pan Li, Han He, Kun Guo, Lu Xiao, Rui Su, Ke Zhou, Xuancheng He, Bingsheng Liu, Xin Tang, Xue Gu, Tao Han, Yunwei Zhou, Xue
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Ke surname: Xu fullname: Xu, Ke organization: Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Department of Oncology, Chongqing General Hospital – sequence: 2 givenname: Tao surname: Gu fullname: Gu, Tao organization: Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University – sequence: 3 givenname: Ke surname: Su fullname: Su, Ke organization: Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Department of Radiation Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, National Cancer Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College – sequence: 4 givenname: Xin surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Xin organization: Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University – sequence: 5 givenname: Bingsheng surname: He fullname: He, Bingsheng organization: Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University – sequence: 6 givenname: Jie surname: He fullname: He, Jie organization: Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University – sequence: 7 givenname: Hao surname: Chi fullname: Chi, Hao organization: Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University – sequence: 8 givenname: Xuancheng surname: Zhou fullname: Zhou, Xuancheng organization: Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University – sequence: 9 givenname: Hanlin surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Hanlin organization: Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University – sequence: 10 givenname: Rui surname: Xiao fullname: Xiao, Rui organization: Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University – sequence: 11 givenname: Xue surname: Tang fullname: Tang, Xue organization: Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University – sequence: 12 givenname: Qinni surname: Ye fullname: Ye, Qinni organization: Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University – sequence: 13 givenname: Xue surname: Zhou fullname: Zhou, Xue organization: Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University – sequence: 14 givenname: Yingpeng surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Yingpeng organization: Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University – sequence: 15 givenname: Jie surname: Xiong fullname: Xiong, Jie organization: Department of Public Health, Southwest Medical University – sequence: 16 givenname: Pan surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Pan organization: Clinical Skills Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University – sequence: 17 givenname: Han surname: Li fullname: Li, Han organization: Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University – sequence: 18 givenname: Kun surname: He fullname: He, Kun email: hktongji@swmu.edu.cn organization: Clinical Research Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University – sequence: 19 givenname: Lu surname: Guo fullname: Guo, Lu email: guolu68@163.com organization: Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University – sequence: 20 givenname: Yunwei surname: Han fullname: Han, Yunwei email: Lanpaoxiansheng@126.com organization: Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40512454$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark	eNp9kktv1DAUhSNUREvpH2CBLLEpi4DtOK8VgvKqVAlEy9q69tzMeJTYU9sZND-Lf4gzaaHtoosofpzz6eTmPM8OrLOYZS8Zfcsord8Fxqua55SX6WmZyMWT7IjXBc0rytjBnfVhdhLCmtIkZUVBy2fZoaAl46IUR9mfy4geXQQdjSbKLXbEw8JANM6SuEIPmx05vfz48-oNMVZ7hICBgI0m__EpZ_tVHAfnyUTYmrgjakfQrsBqY5cTgsz3ZhhGi2Qw2ju0W-OdHdDGRJ3OkPw2cUUGjBAiTFlWuIHoNPb92IMnGnwCugFeZE876AOe3LyPs19fPl-dfcsvvn89P_twketSFDHvhGpa0TW66JQGTatGUVHqulVV2jCONVWUNR0XlSppV3UNCKWwKlRXdLjA4jg7n7kLB2u58WYAv5MOjNwfOL-U4FPQHqXoKCQQlG2j0lRpA0zVtGiFQA0AXWK9n1mbUQ240Om7PfT3oPdvrFnJpdtKxllVtqxJhNMbgnfXI4YoBxOm4YBFNwZZcNaIum7qOklfP5Cu3ehtmtVeVZaciwn46m6kf1luq5EEzSxI_ysEj53UJu57kRKaXjIqpyLKuYgytUvuiygnK39gvaU_aipmU0hiu0T_P_Yjrr8LqvRx
CitedBy_id	crossref_primary_10_1007_s12672_025_03037_6
Cites_doi	10.1200/JCO.20.02046 10.1038/s41572-020-00240-3 10.3322/caac.21660 10.4103/jcar.JCar_9_16 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30011-5 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-0265 10.1038/s41586-021-03614-z 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30010-2 10.1172/JCI96582 10.3748/wjg.v25.i20.2416 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.11.009 10.1038/s41572-020-0160-6 10.1055/s-0030-1247133 10.1186/s13045-020-00940-z 10.1177/1073274817729258 10.1038/s41467-019-11906-2 10.1200/JCO.19.01307 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116129 10.1038/nrc.2018.6 10.1016/j.cell.2016.11.022 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01374-X 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.03.019 10.1126/science.1232458 10.1159/000490260 10.1016/j.it.2018.06.001 10.1172/JCI67313 10.1002/pro6.1225 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-17-0581 10.1111/liv.14817 10.3748/wjg.v24.i39.4436 10.1002/pro6.1220 10.1159/000496439 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.2535 10.1002/pro6.1233 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-14-1258 10.1053/j.semdp.2016.12.011 10.4049/jimmunol.174.12.7516 10.1186/s12943-021-01317-7 10.3350/cmh.2020.0095 10.1007/s11427-018-9446-2 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.09.016 10.1136/jitc-2020-000537 10.1159/000342402 10.1016/j.ejca.2007.05.028 10.1186/s13045-021-01164-5 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30207-1 10.1016/j.jhep.2012.06.014 10.1038/nrclinonc.2016.30 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.12.045 10.1016/j.omto.2020.08.017 10.1056/NEJMoa1112824 10.3389/fonc.2021.650394 10.1056/NEJMra1703481
ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	The Author(s) 2025 2025. The Author(s). Copyright Springer Nature B.V. Dec 2025 The Author(s) 2025 2025
Copyright_xml	– notice: The Author(s) 2025 – notice: 2025. The Author(s). – notice: Copyright Springer Nature B.V. Dec 2025 – notice: The Author(s) 2025 2025
DBID	C6C AAYXX CITATION NPM 3V. 7RV 7X7 7XB 8FI 8FJ 8FK ABUWG AFKRA AZQEC BENPR CCPQU DWQXO FYUFA GHDGH K9. KB0 M0S NAPCQ PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PJZUB PKEHL PPXIY PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS 7X8 5PM DOA
DOI	10.1007/s12672-025-02914-4
DatabaseName	Springer Nature OA Free Journals CrossRef PubMed ProQuest Central (Corporate) Nursing & Allied Health Database Health & Medical Collection ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016) Hospital Premium Collection Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016) ProQuest Central (Alumni) ProQuest Central UK/Ireland ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Central ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Central Health Research Premium Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition) Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition) Nursing & Allied Health Premium ProQuest Central Premium ProQuest One Academic (New) Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) One Health & Nursing ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Academic (retired) ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central China MEDLINE - Academic PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle	CrossRef PubMed Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) ProQuest One Community College ProQuest One Health & Nursing ProQuest Central China ProQuest Central ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection Health Research Premium Collection Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central Korea ProQuest Central (New) ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source ProQuest Hospital Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni) Nursing & Allied Health Premium ProQuest Health & Medical Complete ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source (Alumni) ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic (New) ProQuest Central (Alumni) MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList	PubMed Publicly Available Content Database MEDLINE - Academic
Database_xml	– sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website – sequence: 2 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 3 dbid: 7RV name: Nursing & Allied Health Database url: https://search.proquest.com/nahs sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod	fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline	Medicine
EISSN	2730-6011
EndPage	19
ExternalDocumentID	oai_doaj_org_article_4f0af24a598b45408a1b703944ecaaaf PMC12165918 40512454 10_1007_s12672_025_02914_4
Genre	Journal Article
GeographicLocations	United States--US China
GeographicLocations_xml	– name: China – name: United States--US
GrantInformation_xml	– fundername: This work was supported by a grant from Project of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province grantid: 2020JDTD0036; 2020JDTD0036; 2020JDTD0036; 2020JDTD0036 – fundername: This work was supported by a grant from Project of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province grantid: 2020JDTD0036
GroupedDBID	0R~ 2JY 53G 7RV 7X7 8FI 8FJ AAJSJ AASML ABUWG AFBBN AFKRA ALIPV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS BENPR C6C CCPQU EBS FYUFA GROUPED_DOAJ HMCUK NAPCQ PGMZT PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PPXIY RPM SOJ UKHRP AAYXX AFFHD CITATION EBLON NPM 3V. 7XB 8FK AZQEC DWQXO K9. PJZUB PKEHL PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS 7X8 PUEGO 5PM
ID	FETCH-LOGICAL-c543t-f4b894f8c3fbcac068b045c79b6c0612e70b018f246b50f6f8a4bbe63bf3fede3
IEDL.DBID	DOA
ISICitedReferencesCount	2
ISICitedReferencesURI	http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=001508278100009&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN	2730-6011
IngestDate	Fri Oct 03 12:42:39 EDT 2025 Tue Nov 04 02:02:56 EST 2025 Fri Sep 05 15:53:23 EDT 2025 Wed Oct 08 14:20:57 EDT 2025 Sat Jul 12 03:27:35 EDT 2025 Tue Nov 18 22:23:56 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 07:50:26 EST 2025 Mon Jul 21 06:07:24 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess	true
IsOpenAccess	true
IsPeerReviewed	true
IsScholarly	true
Issue	1
Keywords	Tumor immune microenvironment Stereotactic body radiation therapy Toxic effects PD-1 antibody Immunotherapy Metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma
Language	English
License	2025. The Author(s). Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.
LinkModel	DirectLink
MergedId	FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c543t-f4b894f8c3fbcac068b045c79b6c0612e70b018f246b50f6f8a4bbe63bf3fede3
Notes	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
OpenAccessLink	https://doaj.org/article/4f0af24a598b45408a1b703944ecaaaf
PMID	40512454
PQID	3218552248
PQPubID	5642930
PageCount	19
ParticipantIDs	doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_4f0af24a598b45408a1b703944ecaaaf pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_12165918 proquest_miscellaneous_3218477877 proquest_journals_3218552248 pubmed_primary_40512454 crossref_citationtrail_10_1007_s12672_025_02914_4 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12672_025_02914_4 springer_journals_10_1007_s12672_025_02914_4
PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	2025-06-13
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2025-06-13
PublicationDate_xml	– month: 06 year: 2025 text: 2025-06-13 day: 13
PublicationDecade	2020
PublicationPlace	New York
PublicationPlace_xml	– name: New York – name: United States
PublicationTitle	Discover. Oncology
PublicationTitleAbbrev	Discov Onc
PublicationTitleAlternate	Discov Oncol
PublicationYear	2025
Publisher	Springer US Springer Nature B.V Springer
Publisher_xml	– name: Springer US – name: Springer Nature B.V – name: Springer
References	JM O’Rourke (2914_CR5) 2018; 24 J Hartke (2914_CR8) 2017; 34 H Sung (2914_CR1) 2021; 71 MZ Dewan (2914_CR47) 2009; 15 A Casadei-Gardini (2914_CR15) 2021; 41 B Cheng (2914_CR56) 2024; 265 D Nakamura (2914_CR53) 2024; 8 S Qin (2914_CR33) 2020; 21 A Arina (2914_CR24) 2019; 10 AA Lugade (2914_CR44) 2005; 174 MA Postow (2914_CR50) 2018; 378 Z Shen (2914_CR18) 2019; 35 A Marcus (2914_CR39) 2018; 49 W Ngwa (2914_CR20) 2018; 18 M Kudo (2914_CR14) 2018; 391 N Meister (2914_CR25) 2007; 43 A Forner (2914_CR13) 2010; 30 JL Benci (2914_CR41) 2016; 167 JM Llovet (2914_CR3) 2021; 7 P Ginès (2914_CR4) 2021; 398 X Zheng (2914_CR29) 2018; 128 TY Seiwert (2914_CR30) 2021; 39 D Bettinger (2914_CR43) 2019; 8 AL Correia (2914_CR49) 2021; 594 M Bouattour (2914_CR10) 2019; 8 GS Yoo (2914_CR12) 2021; 27 J Bruix (2914_CR11) 2012; 57 L Deng (2914_CR46) 2014; 124 RS Finn (2914_CR34) 2020; 38 R Han (2914_CR57) 2020; 19 NE Donlon (2914_CR23) 2021; 502 JM Diamond (2914_CR40) 2018; 6 Y Huang (2914_CR42) 2021; 11 HB Barsoumian (2914_CR48) 2020; 8 M Kudo (2914_CR9) 2012; 1 SJ Dovedi (2914_CR31) 2014; 74 EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines (2914_CR32) 2018; 69 K Meng (2914_CR52) 2024; 8 L Sun (2914_CR38) 2013; 339 X Lei (2914_CR17) 2020; 470 Y Chen (2914_CR28) 2020; 13 JS Weber (2914_CR55) 2015; 16 Y Zheng (2914_CR16) 2021; 1876 A Haslam (2914_CR37) 2019; 2 M Ramos-Casals (2914_CR54) 2020; 6 C Choi (2914_CR27) 2019; 25 M Tian (2914_CR19) 2019; 62 ME Rodríguez-Ruiz (2914_CR21) 2018; 39 S Zhu (2914_CR36) 2021; 14 RR Weichselbaum (2914_CR26) 2017; 14 MA Postow (2914_CR22) 2012; 366 JY Li (2914_CR35) 2021; 20 A Forner (2914_CR6) 2018; 391 D Zamora-Valdes (2914_CR7) 2017; 24 MB Bernstein (2914_CR45) 2016; 13 YA Ghouri (2914_CR2) 2017; 16 J Yan (2914_CR51) 2024; 8
References_xml	– volume: 39 start-page: 1 year: 2021 ident: 2914_CR30 publication-title: J Clin Oncol: Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol doi: 10.1200/JCO.20.02046 – volume: 7 start-page: 6 year: 2021 ident: 2914_CR3 publication-title: Nat Rev Dis Primers doi: 10.1038/s41572-020-00240-3 – volume: 71 start-page: 209 year: 2021 ident: 2914_CR1 publication-title: Cancer J Clin doi: 10.3322/caac.21660 – volume: 16 start-page: 1 year: 2017 ident: 2914_CR2 publication-title: J Carcinog doi: 10.4103/jcar.JCar_9_16 – volume: 21 start-page: 571 year: 2020 ident: 2914_CR33 publication-title: Lancet Oncol doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30011-5 – volume: 15 start-page: 5379 year: 2009 ident: 2914_CR47 publication-title: Clin Cancer Res: Off J Am Assoc Cancer Res doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-0265 – volume: 594 start-page: 566 year: 2021 ident: 2914_CR49 publication-title: Nature doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-03614-z – volume: 391 start-page: 1301 year: 2018 ident: 2914_CR6 publication-title: Lancet (London England) doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30010-2 – volume: 128 start-page: 2104 year: 2018 ident: 2914_CR29 publication-title: J Clin Investig doi: 10.1172/JCI96582 – volume: 25 start-page: 2416 year: 2019 ident: 2914_CR27 publication-title: World J Gastroenterol doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i20.2416 – volume: 470 start-page: 126 year: 2020 ident: 2914_CR17 publication-title: Cancer Lett doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.11.009 – volume: 6 start-page: 38 year: 2020 ident: 2914_CR54 publication-title: Nat Rev Dis Primers doi: 10.1038/s41572-020-0160-6 – volume: 30 start-page: 61 year: 2010 ident: 2914_CR13 publication-title: Semin Liver Dis doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1247133 – volume: 13 start-page: 105 year: 2020 ident: 2914_CR28 publication-title: J Hematol Oncol doi: 10.1186/s13045-020-00940-z – volume: 24 start-page: 107327481772925 year: 2017 ident: 2914_CR7 publication-title: Cancer Control: J Moffitt Cancer Cent doi: 10.1177/1073274817729258 – volume: 16 start-page: 375 year: 2015 ident: 2914_CR55 publication-title: Oncology – volume: 10 start-page: 3959 year: 2019 ident: 2914_CR24 publication-title: Nat Commun doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-11906-2 – volume: 1876 start-page: 188638 year: 2021 ident: 2914_CR16 publication-title: Reviews cancer – volume: 38 start-page: 193 year: 2020 ident: 2914_CR34 publication-title: J Clin Oncol: Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol doi: 10.1200/JCO.19.01307 – volume: 265 start-page: 116129 year: 2024 ident: 2914_CR56 publication-title: Eur J Med Chem doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116129 – volume: 18 start-page: 313 year: 2018 ident: 2914_CR20 publication-title: Nat Rev Cancer doi: 10.1038/nrc.2018.6 – volume: 167 start-page: 1540 year: 2016 ident: 2914_CR41 publication-title: Cell doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.11.022 – volume: 398 start-page: 1359 year: 2021 ident: 2914_CR4 publication-title: Lancet (London England) doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01374-X – volume: 69 start-page: 182 year: 2018 ident: 2914_CR32 publication-title: J Hepatol doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.03.019 – volume: 339 start-page: 786 year: 2013 ident: 2914_CR38 publication-title: Sci (New York N Y) doi: 10.1126/science.1232458 – volume: 8 start-page: 281 issue: 4 year: 2019 ident: 2914_CR43 publication-title: Liver Cancer doi: 10.1159/000490260 – volume: 39 start-page: 644 year: 2018 ident: 2914_CR21 publication-title: Trends Immunol doi: 10.1016/j.it.2018.06.001 – volume: 124 start-page: 687 issue: 2 year: 2014 ident: 2914_CR46 publication-title: J Clin Invest doi: 10.1172/JCI67313 – volume: 8 start-page: 42 year: 2024 ident: 2914_CR52 publication-title: Prec Radiat Oncol doi: 10.1002/pro6.1225 – volume: 6 start-page: 910 year: 2018 ident: 2914_CR40 publication-title: Cancer Immunol Res doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-17-0581 – volume: 41 start-page: 1389 year: 2021 ident: 2914_CR15 publication-title: Liver Int: Off J Int Assoc Study Liver doi: 10.1111/liv.14817 – volume: 24 start-page: 4436 year: 2018 ident: 2914_CR5 publication-title: World J Gastroenterol doi: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i39.4436 – volume: 8 start-page: 30 year: 2024 ident: 2914_CR53 publication-title: Prec Radiat Oncol doi: 10.1002/pro6.1220 – volume: 8 start-page: 341 year: 2019 ident: 2914_CR10 publication-title: Liver cancer doi: 10.1159/000496439 – volume: 14 start-page: 365 year: 2017 ident: 2914_CR26 publication-title: Clin Oncol – volume: 2 start-page: e192535 year: 2019 ident: 2914_CR37 publication-title: JAMA Netw Open doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.2535 – volume: 8 start-page: 99 year: 2024 ident: 2914_CR51 publication-title: Prec Radiat Oncol doi: 10.1002/pro6.1233 – volume: 74 start-page: 5458 year: 2014 ident: 2914_CR31 publication-title: Cancer Res doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-14-1258 – volume: 34 start-page: 153 year: 2017 ident: 2914_CR8 publication-title: Semin Diagn Pathol doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2016.12.011 – volume: 174 start-page: 7516 year: 2005 ident: 2914_CR44 publication-title: J Immunol doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.174.12.7516 – volume: 20 start-page: 27 year: 2021 ident: 2914_CR35 publication-title: Mol Cancer doi: 10.1186/s12943-021-01317-7 – volume: 27 start-page: 144 year: 2021 ident: 2914_CR12 publication-title: Clin Mol Hepatol doi: 10.3350/cmh.2020.0095 – volume: 62 start-page: 1138 year: 2019 ident: 2914_CR19 publication-title: Sci China Life Sci doi: 10.1007/s11427-018-9446-2 – volume: 49 start-page: 754 year: 2018 ident: 2914_CR39 publication-title: Immunity doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.09.016 – volume: 8 start-page: e000537 year: 2020 ident: 2914_CR48 publication-title: J Immunother Cancer doi: 10.1136/jitc-2020-000537 – volume: 1 start-page: 62 year: 2012 ident: 2914_CR9 publication-title: Liver cancer doi: 10.1159/000342402 – volume: 43 start-page: 1833 year: 2007 ident: 2914_CR25 publication-title: Eur J cancer (Oxford England: 1990) doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2007.05.028 – volume: 14 start-page: 156 year: 2021 ident: 2914_CR36 publication-title: J Hematol Oncol doi: 10.1186/s13045-021-01164-5 – volume: 35 start-page: 2326 year: 2019 ident: 2914_CR18 publication-title: J Biotechnol – volume: 391 start-page: 1163 year: 2018 ident: 2914_CR14 publication-title: Lancet (London England) doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30207-1 – volume: 57 start-page: 821 year: 2012 ident: 2914_CR11 publication-title: J Hepatol doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2012.06.014 – volume: 13 start-page: 516 issue: 8 year: 2016 ident: 2914_CR45 publication-title: Nat Rev Clin Oncol doi: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2016.30 – volume: 502 start-page: 84 year: 2021 ident: 2914_CR23 publication-title: Cancer Lett doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.12.045 – volume: 19 start-page: 8 year: 2020 ident: 2914_CR57 publication-title: Mol Ther Oncol doi: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.08.017 – volume: 366 start-page: 925 year: 2012 ident: 2914_CR22 publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1112824 – volume: 11 start-page: 650394 year: 2021 ident: 2914_CR42 publication-title: Front Oncol doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.650394 – volume: 378 start-page: 158 year: 2018 ident: 2914_CR50 publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1703481
SSID	ssj0002513305
Score	2.3083127
Snippet	Background To explore the effect of radiotherapy on anti-pd-1 anti-tumor activity in metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Patients with metastatic HCC... To explore the effect of radiotherapy on anti-pd-1 anti-tumor activity in metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients with metastatic HCC treated with... BackgroundTo explore the effect of radiotherapy on anti-pd-1 anti-tumor activity in metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma.MethodsPatients with metastatic HCC... To explore the effect of radiotherapy on anti-pd-1 anti-tumor activity in metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma.BACKGROUNDTo explore the effect of radiotherapy... Abstract Background To explore the effect of radiotherapy on anti-pd-1 anti-tumor activity in metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Patients with...
SourceID	doaj pubmedcentral proquest pubmed crossref springer
SourceType	Open Website Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher
StartPage	1081
SubjectTerms	Antibodies Biotechnology Cancer Research Cancer therapies Cell culture Disease Ethics Fatalities FDA approval Hepatitis Hospitals Hypoxia Immune system Immunotherapy Internal Medicine Liver cancer Liver cirrhosis Lymphocytes Medical research Medicine Medicine & Public Health Metastasis Metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma Molecular Medicine Oncology PD-1 antibody Penicillin Radiation therapy Radiotherapy Stereotactic body radiation therapy Surgical Oncology Toxic effects Transplants & implants Tumor immune microenvironment Tumors Viral infections
SummonAdditionalLinks	– databaseName: Nursing & Allied Health Database dbid: 7RV link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1Lb9QwELagIMSF9yNQkJE4gMBqnDiJc0IUqDhAVbWl6i2yHbsbiU1KkkXan8U_ZMbJZlkevXBbxV7v2P4yMzv2fEPIc-nCMnKKM66MYyLBQu6xypnmYaxlbkruebZPPmX7-_L0ND8YA27deK1ypRO9oi4bgzHynRhsUQLOgpBvzr8xrBqFp6tjCY3L5ApH2w14zg5PphhLhMVLwmTMlRky5qI0ixjWcA2jnAsmNuyRp-3_m6_555XJ385NvTnau_m_E7lFboyOKH07IOc2uWTrO-Ta5_Go_S75cQQrbpveJ1FR3ZRL2iKPAW4kHbK2lvTF0e7h8Uta1eh7drajsE8VO3jPuP_UL-ZNS3EErFBB9ZLaeoYEH_UZDkGH9gpTVCyd49XAX_LuYFR8ZimGiunc9gqTn0CWGVjQvsETB7xCSw1WQ6qbubpHvux9OH73kY31HZhJRNwzJwANwkkTO22UCVOpwcE0Wa5Tg56XzTBKK10kUp2ELnVSCa1tGmsXO1va-D7ZqpvaPiRUZ6kGXzNCbS3wPyRWfI-tHxccEB0Qvtrlwozk51iD42uxpm1GZBSAjMIjoxABeTV953yg_riw9y6CZ-qJtN3-QdOeFaMWKIQLFUxHJbnUSH0oFdegcnMhrFFKuYBsrzBTjLqkK9aACcizqRm0AC60qm2zGPqIDJRvFpAHA1InScAlBycuAQnlBoY3RN1sqauZZxrnEU-TnMMPv17BfS3Xv9fi0cXTeEyuR_4NRAbMbbLVtwv7hFw13_uqa5_6V_gnDspSUw priority: 102 providerName: ProQuest
Title	Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) increases anti-PD-1 antitumor activity by enhancing the tumor immune microenvironment in mice with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma
URI	https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12672-025-02914-4 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40512454 https://www.proquest.com/docview/3218552248 https://www.proquest.com/docview/3218477877 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC12165918 https://doaj.org/article/4f0af24a598b45408a1b703944ecaaaf
Volume	16
WOSCitedRecordID	wos001508278100009&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText	1
inHoldings	1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights	– providerCode: PRVAON databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 2730-6011 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0002513305 issn: 2730-6011 databaseCode: DOA dateStart: 20210101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/ providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Health & Medical Collection customDbUrl: eissn: 2730-6011 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0002513305 issn: 2730-6011 databaseCode: 7X7 dateStart: 20190101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/healthcomplete providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Nursing & Allied Health Database customDbUrl: eissn: 2730-6011 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0002513305 issn: 2730-6011 databaseCode: 7RV dateStart: 20190101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/nahs providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: ProQuest Central customDbUrl: eissn: 2730-6011 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0002513305 issn: 2730-6011 databaseCode: BENPR dateStart: 20190101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Publicly Available Content Database customDbUrl: eissn: 2730-6011 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0002513305 issn: 2730-6011 databaseCode: PIMPY dateStart: 20190101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent providerName: ProQuest
link	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1Lj9MwELZgQYgL4k1gqYzEAQQWceIkzpHCrkBiq6i7rMopsl2bRqIJalOk_iz-ITNO2m15XrhEbey6o5nx-Evs-YaQp9KF08gpzrgyjokEC7nHKmeah7GWuZlyz7N9_iEbjeRkkhc7pb7wTFhHD9wp7pVwoXKRUEkuNbLFScU1eGkuhDVKKYfRF1DPzsMUxuAIy5aESZ8l0-XKRWkWMazeGkY5F0zsrUSesP93KPPXw5I_7Zj6hej4JrnRI0j6upP8Frlk69vk2km_R36HfD8FVdmm9dlPVDfTNV0gAQFagHbpVmv67HQ4PntOqxpB49IuKSi4YsVbxv2ndjVvFhRHwNISVK-prWfIzFF_xiFo115hbomlczzTt5MwB6PiPUvxHS-d21Zh1hLIMoOlr21wqwDPvlKDZYzqZq7uko_HR2dv3rG-MAMziYhb5gSYUThpYqeNMmEqNSBDk-U6NQiZbIavVyWYLdVJ6FInldDaprF2sbNTG98jB3VT2weE6izVABIjDLMCH_6wVHts_biAHHRA-MZIpelZy7F4xpfygm8ZDVuCYUtv2FIE5MX2N187zo6_9h6i7bc9kW_b3wAvLHsvLP_lhQE53HhO2QeBZRkDfEoA3woZkCfbZpi-qGhV22bV9REZRM0sIPc7R9tKAlga0FcCEso9F9wTdb-lrmaeIpxHPE1yDn_8cuOtF3L9WRcP_4cuHpHrkZ9mSHB5SA7axco-JlfNt7ZaLgbkcjY-x-sk81c5IFeGR6NiPPAzGL4V70-KTz8AyURKoQ
linkProvider	Directory of Open Access Journals
linkToHtml	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1bb9MwFLbGQMAL90thgJFAAoFFLk7iPCDEGNOmddXEOtS3YDv2Wokmo01B_VNI_EPOcZKWctnbHnirYvf0xD032-ecj5Anwnp5YKXPfKkt4xECuYcyZcr3QiVSnfuuz_bHbtLricEgPVgj39taGEyrbG2iM9R5qfGM_FUIviiCYIGLNydfGKJG4e1qC6FRi8WemX-DLdv09e4W_L9Pg2D7ff_dDmtQBZiOeFgxy4EHboUOrdJSe7FQENboJFWxRn9vEjwbFDbgsYo8G1shuVImDpUNrclNCHTPkfNgxxNMIUsGyeJMJ0CwFC9qanPqCr0gTgKGmLFekPqc8RX_52AC_hbb_pmi-ds9rXN_21f_t4W7Rq40gTZ9W2vGdbJmihvk4n6TSnCT_DgEiTJl5YrEqCrzOZ1gnwYUVFpXpc3ps8PND_3ndFRgbD01UwpyOGIHW8x3n6rZuJxQpIAIHFTNqSmG2MCkOEYStB4fYQmOoWNMffylrhCo4jND8Sicjk0lsbgLeBlChFCVeKOCKcJUI9pTUY7lLXJ0Jgt2m6wXZWHuEqqSWEEsHaA34rhHRkT70Di6EGCpDvFbqcp009wdMUY-Z8u21CiJGUhi5iQx4x3yYvGdk7q1yamzN1FYFzOxLbl7UE6Os8bKZdx6El5HRqlQ2NpRSF-BS0k5N1pKaTtko5XRrLGV02wpoB3yeDEMVg4XWhamnNVzeALOJemQO7VmLDiBLQcEqRFwKFZ0ZoXV1ZFiNHSd1P3Aj6PUhx9-2arXkq9_r8W901_jEbm009_vZt3d3t59cjlw2o_dPjfIejWZmQfkgv5ajaaTh858UPLprNXuJ5EGsZc
linkToPdf	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1ZbxMxELZKiypeuI9AASOBBAKra6_3ekCIkEZULVHUA_VtsR27iUR2S7IB5Wfxyq9jZo-EcPStD7xFa2cy68xle2Y-Qp7GzhsIpzjjyjgmAwRy91XCNPd8HSdmwMs-2x_3o14vPjlJ-mvkR1MLg2mVjU0sDfUgN3hGvu2DLwogWJDxtqvTIvqd7puzLwwRpPCmtYHTqERkz86_wfZt-nq3A__1MyG6O0fv3rMaYYCZQPoFcxL4kS42vtNGGS-MNYQ4Jkp0aND32wjPCWMnZKgDz4UuVlJrG_ra-c4OrA90L5GNCIIM0K6N9k6vf7A44REIneIFdaVOVa8nwkgwRJD1RMIlkyvesAQN-Fuk-2fC5m-3tqUz7F77n5fxOrlah-D0baUzN8iazW6SzQ91ksEt8v0QZM3mRVk-RnU-mNMJdnBAEaZVvdqcPj9sHxy9oKMMo-6pnVKQ0BHrdxgvPxWzcT6hSAGxOaieU5sNsbVJdookaDU-wuIcS8eYFPlLxSFQxWeW4iE5HdtCYdkX8DKE2KHI8a4Fk4epQRyoLB-r2-T4QhbsDlnP8szeI1RHoYYoW6Cfkrh7Rqx735Z0IfTSLcIbCUtN3fYd0Uc-p8uG1SiVKUhlWkplKlvk5eI7Z1XTk3Nnt1FwFzOxYXn5IJ-cprX9S6XzFLyOCpJYY9PHWHENziaR0hqllGuRrUZe09qKTtOlsLbIk8Uw2D9caJXZfFbNkRG4nahF7lZasuAENiMQvgbAYbyiPyusro5ko2HZY50LHgYJhx9-1ajakq9_r8X981_jMdkEbUv3d3t7D8gVURoCbAO6RdaLycw-JJfN12I0nTyqbQklny5a734CCZO7uA
openUrl	ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Stereotactic+body+radiation+therapy+%28SBRT%29+increases+anti-PD-1+antitumor+activity+by+enhancing+the+tumor+immune+microenvironment+in+mice+with+metastatic+hepatocellular+carcinoma&rft.jtitle=Discover.+Oncology&rft.au=Ke+Xu&rft.au=Tao+Gu&rft.au=Ke+Su&rft.au=Xin+Liu&rft.date=2025-06-13&rft.pub=Springer&rft.eissn=2730-6011&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.epage=19&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12672-025-02914-4&rft.externalDBID=DOA&rft.externalDocID=oai_doaj_org_article_4f0af24a598b45408a1b703944ecaaaf
thumbnail_l	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2730-6011&client=summon
thumbnail_m	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2730-6011&client=summon
thumbnail_s	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2730-6011&client=summon