SMC complexes differentially compact mitotic chromosomes according to genomic context

Structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) protein complexes are key determinants of chromosome conformation. Using Hi-C and polymer modelling, we study how cohesin and condensin, two deeply conserved SMC complexes, organize chromosomes in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae . The canonical...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature cell biology Vol. 19; no. 9; pp. 1071 - 1080
Main Authors: Schalbetter, Stephanie Andrea, Goloborodko, Anton, Fudenberg, Geoffrey, Belton, Jon-Matthew, Miles, Catrina, Yu, Miao, Dekker, Job, Mirny, Leonid, Baxter, Jonathan
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.09.2017
Nature Publishing Group
Subjects:
45/22
45/23
631/1647/2017/2214
631/1647/514/1948
631/80/641/1655
631/80/641/2351
631/80/641/2358
Adenosine Triphosphatases - genetics
Adenosine Triphosphatases - metabolism
Analysis
Baking yeast
Cancer Research
Cell Biology
Cell Cycle Proteins - genetics
Cell Cycle Proteins - metabolism
Chromatids
Chromatin
Chromatin - chemistry
Chromatin - genetics
Chromatin - metabolism
Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly
Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone - genetics
Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone - metabolism
Chromosome Structures
Chromosomes
Chromosomes, Fungal - chemistry
Chromosomes, Fungal - genetics
Chromosomes, Fungal - metabolism
Cohesin
Cohesins
Cohesion
Compacting
Compaction
Compacts
Computer Simulation
Condensin
Developmental Biology
DNA, Fungal - chemistry
DNA, Fungal - genetics
DNA, Fungal - metabolism
DNA, Ribosomal - chemistry
DNA, Ribosomal - genetics
DNA, Ribosomal - metabolism
DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics
DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism
Human chromosomes
Life Sciences
Mitosis
Models, Genetic
Models, Molecular
Multiprotein Complexes - genetics
Multiprotein Complexes - metabolism
Nucleic Acid Conformation
Physiological aspects
Polymers
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - genetics
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - growth & development
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - metabolism
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins - genetics
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins - metabolism
Sister chromatids
Stem Cells
Structure
Structure-Activity Relationship
Yeast
United States
ISSN:1465-7392, 1476-4679, 1476-4679
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) protein complexes are key determinants of chromosome conformation. Using Hi-C and polymer modelling, we study how cohesin and condensin, two deeply conserved SMC complexes, organize chromosomes in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae . The canonical role of cohesin is to co-align sister chromatids, while condensin generally compacts mitotic chromosomes. We find strikingly different roles for the two complexes in budding yeast mitosis. First, cohesin is responsible for compacting mitotic chromosome arms, independently of sister chromatid cohesion. Polymer simulations demonstrate that this role can be fully accounted for through cis -looping of chromatin. Second, condensin is generally dispensable for compaction along chromosome arms. Instead, it plays a targeted role compacting the rDNA proximal regions and promoting resolution of peri-centromeric regions. Our results argue that the conserved mechanism of SMC complexes is to form chromatin loops and that distinct SMC-dependent looping activities are selectively deployed to appropriately compact chromosomes. Schalbetter et al. show by Hi-C and modelling that mitotic chromosome compaction in budding yeast occurs by cis -looping of chromatin, and reveal distinct roles for cohesin and condensin depending on chromatin context.
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ISSN:1465-7392
1476-4679
1476-4679
DOI:10.1038/ncb3594