Optical Techniques for Information Security

This paper presents an overview of the potential of free space optical technology in information security, encryption, and authentication. Optical waveform posses many degrees of freedom such as amplitude, phase, polarization, spectral content, and multiplexing which can be combined in different way...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Proceedings of the IEEE Vol. 97; no. 6; pp. 1128 - 1148
Main Authors:	Matoba, Osamu, Nomura, Takanori, Perez-Cabre, Elisabet, Millan, MarÍa S., Javidi, Bahram
Format:	Journal Article Publication
Language:	English
Published:	New York IEEE 01.06.2009 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subjects:	Authentication Biomedical optical imaging Ciències de la visió Computer information security Criptografia Cryptography Data encryption (Computer science) Data security Digital digital holography Encriptació de dades (Informàtica) Encryption Holografia Holograms Holographic optical components Holography ID tag Information networks Security measures Information security Information technology Informàtica optical encryption Optical interferometry Optical recording Phase modulation Security measures Seguretat informàtica Signatures Space technology Three dimensional Àrees temàtiques de la UPC Òptica física
ISSN:	0018-9219, 1558-2256
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Abstract	This paper presents an overview of the potential of free space optical technology in information security, encryption, and authentication. Optical waveform posses many degrees of freedom such as amplitude, phase, polarization, spectral content, and multiplexing which can be combined in different ways to make the information encoding more secure. This paper reviews optical techniques for encryption and security of two-dimensional and three-dimensional data. Interferometric methods are used to record and retrieve data by either optical or digital holography for security applications. Digital holograms are widely used in recording and processing three dimensional data, and are attractive for securing three dimensional data. Also, we review optical authentication techniques applied to ID tags with visible and near infrared imaging. A variety of images and signatures, including biometrics, random codes, and primary images can be combined in an optical ID tag for security and authentication.
AbstractList	This paper presents an overview of the potential of free space optical technology in information security, encryption, and authentication. Optical waveform posses many degrees of freedom such as amplitude, phase, polarization, spectral content, and multiplexing which can be combined in different ways to make the information encoding more secure. This paper reviews optical techniques for encryption and security of two-dimensional and three-dimensional data. Interferometric methods are used to record and retrieve data by either optical or digital holography for security applications. Digital holograms are widely used in recording and processing three dimensional data, and are attractive for securing three dimensional data. Also, we review optical authentication techniques applied to ID tags with visible and near infrared imaging. A variety of images and signatures, including biometrics, random codes, and primary images can be combined in an optical ID tag for security and authentication.
Author	Matoba, Osamu Nomura, Takanori Millan, MarÍa S. Javidi, Bahram Perez-Cabre, Elisabet
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Osamu surname: Matoba fullname: Matoba, Osamu email: matoba@kobe-u.ac.jp organization: Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Syst. Eng., Kobe Univ., Kobe – sequence: 2 givenname: Takanori surname: Nomura fullname: Nomura, Takanori email: nom@sys.wakayama-u.ac.jp organization: Dept. of Opto-Mechatron., Wakayama Univ., Wakayama – sequence: 3 givenname: Elisabet surname: Perez-Cabre fullname: Perez-Cabre, Elisabet email: elisabet.perez@upc.edu organization: Opt. & Optometry Dept., Univ. Politec. de Catalunya, Terrassa – sequence: 4 givenname: MarÍa S. surname: Millan fullname: Millan, MarÍa S. email: millan@oo.upc.edu organization: Opt. & Optometry Dept., Univ. Politec. de Catalunya, Terrassa – sequence: 5 givenname: Bahram surname: Javidi fullname: Javidi, Bahram email: bahram@engr.uconn.edu organization: Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
BookMark	eNp9kU1rGzEQhkVIoU7aP9BcTA9tIGw6Gn0fi2mTlIBLm56FVpGownrXlXYP-ffVxiaBHHzQCInneWFmTshxP_SBkA8ULikF8-XHz1_r1SUCmFqoZlIdkQUVQjeIQh6TBdTfxiA1b8lJKQ8AwIRkC3Kx3o7Ju255F_zfPv2bQlnGIS9v-lo3bkxDv_wd_JTT-PiOvImuK-H9_j4lf75_u1tdN7frq5vV19vGC45jox3e37da88CckOhVG1sjvfcSDFcgEEJkKBjT1Bn0seUygnNtiJo5jI6dErrL9WXyNgcfsnejHVx6ecwHQaGtMQp1dT7vnG0e5iZGu0nFh65zfRimYrUSgAqVrOSngyTjUmotoILnB0EKiIZSATP68RX6MEy5r0OyWtQwZJxXSO_bykMpOUTr0_g04TG71NU8O-_SPu3Szru0-11WFV-p25w2Lj8els52UgohPAvcMMNBsf9ARapl
CODEN	IEEPAD
CitedBy_id	crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_479983 crossref_primary_10_7498_aps_74_20250508 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41377_021_00699_z crossref_primary_10_1080_13682199_2022_2146887 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12596_024_02329_4 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlastec_2013_05_023 crossref_primary_10_1088_1402_4896_ad91f3 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_50_005750 crossref_primary_10_1109_TSMC_2025_3541827 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_52_007812 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_53_004700 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlaseng_2021_106784 crossref_primary_10_1088_2040_8978_14_4_045401 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sigpro_2014_06_024 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_48_00H160 crossref_primary_10_1080_09500340_2018_1496286 crossref_primary_10_3390_photonics10060612 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13319_017_0137_8 crossref_primary_10_1088_2040_8978_16_5_055402 crossref_primary_10_1364_OE_18_027095 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijleo_2019_04_090 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optcom_2018_12_049 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optcom_2024_130459 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13319_018_0172_0 crossref_primary_10_1109_JIOT_2019_2907930 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optcom_2015_01_019 crossref_primary_10_1088_1555_6611_adfdba crossref_primary_10_1080_09500340_2016_1206981 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlaseng_2018_03_018 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_022_34542_9 crossref_primary_10_1109_JPHOT_2015_2412936 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2023_147669 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_50_001805 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optcom_2015_09_054 crossref_primary_10_1109_JPHOT_2020_2987484 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlaseng_2016_06_027 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlaseng_2015_04_012 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optcom_2011_09_045 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_55_009939 crossref_primary_10_1007_s42044_024_00196_7 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11082_019_2130_3 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlaseng_2020_106045 crossref_primary_10_1088_1361_6528_ab2d3b crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_55_008296 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_024_54168_3 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optcom_2025_131821 crossref_primary_10_1049_ipr2_12084 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mattod_2023_06_003 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optcom_2023_129833 crossref_primary_10_1038_srep02819 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_400465 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11082_022_04493_y crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_53_006472 crossref_primary_10_1109_JIOT_2019_2942048 crossref_primary_10_1364_PRJ_527329 crossref_primary_10_1088_2040_8978_12_9_095402 crossref_primary_10_3390_app11199310 crossref_primary_10_3390_fractalfract8020092 crossref_primary_10_3390_s24061952 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlaseng_2016_05_002 crossref_primary_10_1088_2040_8978_17_8_085702 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ins_2013_11_027 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11082_016_0461_x crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_385652 crossref_primary_10_1364_OE_19_009008 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlastec_2010_10_003 crossref_primary_10_1038_srep40113 crossref_primary_10_1109_JSEN_2019_2895082 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10043_021_00705_0 crossref_primary_10_3390_s22145325 crossref_primary_10_1109_JPHOT_2018_2798602 crossref_primary_10_1002_adom_202501865 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optcom_2014_05_064 crossref_primary_10_1002_chem_202301074 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11042_019_7714_1 crossref_primary_10_1109_JLT_2013_2267891 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_381723 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlaseng_2021_106570 crossref_primary_10_1088_2040_8978_18_8_083001 crossref_primary_10_1039_D5TC02081F crossref_primary_10_1109_JPHOT_2016_2523245 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13319_016_0110_y crossref_primary_10_1088_1555_6611_abee86 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optcom_2019_124585 crossref_primary_10_1088_2040_8986_abbc54 crossref_primary_10_1109_JPHOT_2018_2831252 crossref_primary_10_1007_s44352_025_00013_2 crossref_primary_10_1088_1612_202X_aba1f1 crossref_primary_10_1515_nanoph_2016_0134 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlastec_2017_03_041 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_525462 crossref_primary_10_1515_nanoph_2025_0015 crossref_primary_10_1063_5_0232468 crossref_primary_10_1109_LPT_2023_3348935 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_70425_3 crossref_primary_10_1002_adom_202401431 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11045_021_00788_7 crossref_primary_10_1038_srep03543 crossref_primary_10_3390_nano11071744 crossref_primary_10_1002_lpor_202400621 crossref_primary_10_1088_2040_8978_14_10_103001 crossref_primary_10_1515_nanoph_2020_0352 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13319_018_0192_9 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_procs_2018_05_129 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41566_021_00760_8 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11082_021_03469_8 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlaseng_2021_106550 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlaseng_2020_106370 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_018_07808_4 crossref_primary_10_1088_2040_8978_17_2_025706 crossref_primary_10_3389_fphy_2024_1379051 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2020_3030986 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijleo_2021_166748 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_51_001822 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_56_004381 crossref_primary_10_1088_2040_8978_18_11_115701 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13319_018_0165_z crossref_primary_10_3390_s24072128 crossref_primary_10_1002_aisy_202400150 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11042_022_13584_7 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_017_12946_8 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jallcom_2025_179786 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13319_019_0218_y crossref_primary_10_1109_LPT_2022_3169011 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optcom_2014_09_040 crossref_primary_10_3390_s25154742 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_54_001782 crossref_primary_10_1109_JPHOT_2013_2258144 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cjph_2024_08_025 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_58_000695 crossref_primary_10_1088_1612_202X_ad12b1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optcom_2013_03_005 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlaseng_2016_01_014 crossref_primary_10_1038_srep32438 crossref_primary_10_1088_2040_8978_16_2_025402 crossref_primary_10_1088_1612_202X_abf5cc crossref_primary_10_1088_2040_8986_aa7e37 crossref_primary_10_3390_electronics13050823 crossref_primary_10_1088_2040_8978_14_9_094004 crossref_primary_10_1088_1402_4896_ad4316 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsphotonics_5c00770 crossref_primary_10_1088_1555_6611_aab240 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11082_023_04765_1 crossref_primary_10_1186_s43593_021_00010_y crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_023_37510_z crossref_primary_10_1109_TSMC_2024_3460801 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_55_010409 crossref_primary_10_1088_2040_8986_ad77e2 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11042_020_08658_3 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00340_019_7286_9 crossref_primary_10_1080_09500340_2020_1844327 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_398459 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlastec_2022_108744 crossref_primary_10_1109_JDT_2010_2046619 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optcom_2011_04_005 crossref_primary_10_1088_2040_8978_18_6_065702 crossref_primary_10_3390_photonics11020105 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_engappai_2024_109164 crossref_primary_10_1088_2040_8978_13_7_075404 crossref_primary_10_1109_JPHOT_2016_2523994 crossref_primary_10_1002_lpor_202300820 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijleo_2025_172301 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlaseng_2016_07_012 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_57_001196 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_58_003013 crossref_primary_10_1088_1402_4896_ad265c crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlaseng_2010_05_005 crossref_primary_10_3390_s16081184 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11082_024_06740_w crossref_primary_10_1088_2040_8978_12_11_115404 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13319_018_0190_y crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optcom_2023_129262 crossref_primary_10_1088_2040_8986_aaf4ad crossref_primary_10_1088_2040_8986_aca25c crossref_primary_10_1080_09500340_2018_1498547 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlastec_2024_110954 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlaseng_2022_107321 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optcom_2015_09_056 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_51_001000 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlaseng_2017_05_019 crossref_primary_10_1364_OE_563795 crossref_primary_10_1002_smll_202409919 crossref_primary_10_1088_2040_8978_17_6_065704 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11082_018_1472_6 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_56_000498 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlastec_2024_110725 crossref_primary_10_1088_2040_8978_15_5_055406 crossref_primary_10_1002_sec_248 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlastec_2025_113636 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_57_00B190 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2025_3597226 crossref_primary_10_1109_JPHOT_2019_2923705 crossref_primary_10_1109_JPHOT_2017_2661809 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_59_000009 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2018_2880730 crossref_primary_10_1186_s43074_024_00125_8 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_55_004328 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsapm_5c00886 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11082_021_02854_7 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optcom_2010_05_066 crossref_primary_10_1103_PhysRevApplied_22_014029 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optcom_2012_08_051 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlaseng_2018_12_010 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_414419 crossref_primary_10_1109_JPHOT_2013_2294625 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_025_59763_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijleo_2023_171509 crossref_primary_10_1088_2040_8978_16_10_105402 crossref_primary_10_1364_AO_54_010711 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10043_011_0020_4 crossref_primary_10_1080_09500340_2022_2071493 crossref_primary_10_1109_JDT_2013_2287695 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlaseng_2014_10_011 crossref_primary_10_1088_1674_1056_23_6_064201 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optcom_2021_127494 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optcom_2010_03_003 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11082_019_1854_4 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_optlaseng_2016_03_028
Cites_doi	10.1364/AO.45.000910 10.1364/AO.37.008181 10.1364/AO.43.002915 10.1117/12.630427 10.1002/3527604154 10.1109/TVT.2005.851358 10.1143/JJAP.46.3775 10.1117/1.602039 10.1364/AO.42.001508 10.1007/b105098 10.1364/OL.25.000028 10.1364/AO.40.002310 10.1364/OPEX.13.006738 10.1109/ODS.1997.606108 10.1364/JOSAA.15.002629 10.1364/AO.40.001253 10.1109/68.118031 10.1109/JPROC.2003.819611 10.1364/OL.18.000456 10.1364/AO.39.002313 10.1126/science.1074376 10.1364/AO.38.007288 10.1364/AO.2.000393 10.1364/AO.43.000333 10.1364/JOSAA.16.001915 10.1109/JPROC.2006.870704 10.1364/AO.34.006012 10.1002/j.1538-7305.1965.tb04155.x 10.1109/TMAG.1973.1067578 10.1364/OL.22.000964 10.1007/BF00191318 10.1364/OL.24.000762 10.1364/AO.39.006689 10.1117/1.1489678 10.1016/B978-0-12-381180-6.50008-6 10.1364/OL.31.000712 10.1364/JOSAA.25.002608 10.1364/AO.39.006595 10.1117/1.602062 10.1364/AO.45.003270 10.1109/JPROC.2004.831212 10.1016/j.optcom.2005.09.027 10.1117/1.1570429 10.1117/1.1591796 10.1016/j.optcom.2005.10.053 10.1117/12.689886 10.1117/1.1458551 10.1364/OL.20.000767 10.1117/12.170736 10.1364/AO.31.001126 10.1364/OL.25.000566 10.1063/1.1777796 10.1364/AO.36.001054 10.1126/science.265.5173.749 10.1117/1.2158409 10.1117/1.1288369 10.1364/AO.38.006785 10.1364/OL.27.001764 10.1088/1464-4258/8/1/010 10.1364/OE.15.015615 10.1364/AO.45.004873 10.1117/1.1789991 10.1117/12.689871 10.1364/OL.22.001268 10.1063/1.1755043 10.1364/OE.15.010253
ContentType	Journal Article Publication
Contributor	Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Òptica i Optometria Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. GOAPI - Grup d'Òptica Aplicada i Processament d'Imatge
Contributor_xml	– sequence: 1 fullname: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Òptica i Optometria – sequence: 2 fullname: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. GOAPI - Grup d'Òptica Aplicada i Processament d'Imatge
Copyright	Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2009 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es
Copyright_xml	– notice: Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2009 – notice: info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/</a>
DBID	97E RIA RIE AAYXX CITATION 7SP 8FD L7M F28 FR3 XX2
DOI	10.1109/JPROC.2009.2018367
DatabaseName	IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005–Present IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998–Present IEEE Xplore CrossRef Electronics & Communications Abstracts Technology Research Database Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering Engineering Research Database Recercat
DatabaseTitle	CrossRef Technology Research Database Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace Electronics & Communications Abstracts Engineering Research Database ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering
DatabaseTitleList	Engineering Research Database Engineering Research Database Engineering Research Database
Database_xml	– sequence: 1 dbid: RIE name: IEEE Electronic Library (IEL) url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ sourceTypes: Publisher
DeliveryMethod	fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline	Engineering
EISSN	1558-2256
EndPage	1148
ExternalDocumentID	oai_recercat_cat_2072_338728 2303976711 10_1109_JPROC_2009_2018367 4939407
Genre	orig-research
GroupedDBID	-DZ -~X .DC 0R~ 123 1OL 29P 3EH 4.4 6IK 85S 97E 9M8 AAJGR AAWTH ABAZT ABFSI ABJNI ABQJQ ABVLG ACBEA ACGFS AENEX AETEA AETIX AFOGA AGNAY AGQYO AGSQL AHBIQ AIBXA ALLEH ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AZLTO BEFXN BFFAM BGNUA BKEBE BPEOZ CS3 DU5 EBS EJD FA8 HZ~ H~9 IAAWW IBMZZ ICLAB IDIHD IFIPE IFJZH IPLJI JAVBF LAI M43 MVM O9- OCL RIA RIE RIU RNS TAE TN5 TWZ UDY UHB UKR UQL VOH WHG XJT XOL YNT ZCA ZXP ZY4 ~02 AAYXX CITATION 7SP 8FD L7M F28 FR3 XX2
ID	FETCH-LOGICAL-c542t-8a2ddb884e3a562c7bfb96ccc609470520ef3253381a92cfb46f0aabef83a2fa3
IEDL.DBID	RIE
ISICitedReferencesCount	333
ISICitedReferencesURI	http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000266377600013&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN	0018-9219
IngestDate	Fri Nov 07 13:39:09 EST 2025 Fri Sep 05 09:10:28 EDT 2025 Fri Sep 05 11:37:57 EDT 2025 Sun Nov 09 09:22:22 EST 2025 Sun Nov 09 07:04:19 EST 2025 Tue Nov 18 22:38:05 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 03:14:49 EST 2025 Wed Aug 27 02:43:11 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess	true
IsOpenAccess	true
IsPeerReviewed	true
IsScholarly	true
Issue	6
Language	English
License	https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplorehelp/downloads/license-information/IEEE.html
LinkModel	DirectLink
MergedId	FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c542t-8a2ddb884e3a562c7bfb96ccc609470520ef3253381a92cfb46f0aabef83a2fa3
Notes	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 14 content type line 23
OpenAccessLink	https://recercat.cat/handle/2072/338728
PQID	858852344
PQPubID	23500
PageCount	21
ParticipantIDs	proquest_miscellaneous_875027276 crossref_primary_10_1109_JPROC_2009_2018367 ieee_primary_4939407 proquest_journals_858852344 crossref_citationtrail_10_1109_JPROC_2009_2018367 proquest_miscellaneous_34668850 proquest_miscellaneous_1022911500 csuc_recercat_oai_recercat_cat_2072_338728
PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	2009-06-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2009-06-01
PublicationDate_xml	– month: 06 year: 2009 text: 2009-06-01 day: 01
PublicationDecade	2000
PublicationPlace	New York
PublicationPlace_xml	– name: New York
PublicationTitle	Proceedings of the IEEE
PublicationTitleAbbrev	JPROC
PublicationYear	2009
Publisher	IEEE The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher_xml	– name: IEEE – name: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
References	ref57 ref13 ref56 ref12 ref59 ref15 ref58 ref14 ref53 ref52 ref55 ref11 ref54 ref10 ref17 ref16 ref19 ref18 (ref28) 1986 goodman (ref70) 1996 ref51 ref50 prez-cabr (ref22) 2007 ref46 ref45 ref48 ref47 ref42 ref41 ref44 ref43 ref49 ref8 ref7 sadjadi (ref71) 1999 ref9 ref4 ref6 ref5 ref40 ref35 ref34 ref37 ref36 ref31 ref30 ref33 ref32 ref2 ref1 ref39 ref38 javidi (ref68) 1994 ref24 ref67 ref23 ref26 ref69 ref25 ref64 ref20 ref63 ref66 ref65 ref21 ref27 ref29 ref60 ref62 javidi (ref3) 2005 ref61
References_xml	– ident: ref39 doi: 10.1364/AO.45.000910 – ident: ref41 doi: 10.1364/AO.37.008181 – ident: ref46 doi: 10.1364/AO.43.002915 – ident: ref23 doi: 10.1117/12.630427 – ident: ref54 doi: 10.1002/3527604154 – ident: ref17 doi: 10.1109/TVT.2005.851358 – year: 1996 ident: ref70 publication-title: Introduction to Fourier Optics – ident: ref50 doi: 10.1143/JJAP.46.3775 – ident: ref2 doi: 10.1117/1.602039 – ident: ref44 doi: 10.1364/AO.42.001508 – year: 2005 ident: ref3 publication-title: Optical and Digital Techniques for Information Security doi: 10.1007/b105098 – ident: ref63 doi: 10.1364/OL.25.000028 – ident: ref10 doi: 10.1364/AO.40.002310 – ident: ref58 doi: 10.1364/OPEX.13.006738 – ident: ref35 doi: 10.1109/ODS.1997.606108 – ident: ref31 doi: 10.1364/JOSAA.15.002629 – year: 2007 ident: ref22 publication-title: Physics of the Automatic Target Recognition – ident: ref48 doi: 10.1364/AO.40.001253 – ident: ref15 doi: 10.1109/68.118031 – ident: ref19 doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2003.819611 – ident: ref69 doi: 10.1364/OL.18.000456 – ident: ref64 doi: 10.1364/AO.39.002313 – ident: ref30 doi: 10.1126/science.1074376 – ident: ref42 doi: 10.1364/AO.38.007288 – ident: ref34 doi: 10.1364/AO.2.000393 – ident: ref26 doi: 10.1364/AO.43.000333 – ident: ref7 doi: 10.1364/JOSAA.16.001915 – ident: ref55 doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2006.870704 – ident: ref45 doi: 10.1364/AO.34.006012 – ident: ref6 doi: 10.1002/j.1538-7305.1965.tb04155.x – ident: ref38 doi: 10.1109/TMAG.1973.1067578 – ident: ref57 doi: 10.1364/OL.22.000964 – ident: ref4 doi: 10.1007/BF00191318 – ident: ref8 doi: 10.1364/OL.24.000762 – ident: ref43 doi: 10.1364/AO.39.006689 – ident: ref11 doi: 10.1364/AO.43.002915 – ident: ref60 doi: 10.1117/1.1489678 – start-page: 115 year: 1994 ident: ref68 publication-title: Real-Time Optical Information Processing doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-381180-6.50008-6 – ident: ref20 doi: 10.1364/OL.31.000712 – ident: ref33 doi: 10.1364/JOSAA.25.002608 – ident: ref65 doi: 10.1364/AO.39.006595 – ident: ref67 doi: 10.1117/1.602062 – ident: ref47 doi: 10.1364/AO.45.003270 – ident: ref36 doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2004.831212 – ident: ref49 doi: 10.1016/j.optcom.2005.09.027 – ident: ref13 doi: 10.1117/1.1570429 – ident: ref16 doi: 10.1117/1.1591796 – ident: ref18 doi: 10.1016/j.optcom.2005.10.053 – ident: ref27 doi: 10.1117/12.689886 – ident: ref59 doi: 10.1117/1.1458551 – ident: ref5 doi: 10.1364/OL.20.000767 – ident: ref1 doi: 10.1117/12.170736 – ident: ref29 doi: 10.1364/AO.31.001126 – ident: ref14 doi: 10.1364/OL.25.000566 – year: 1986 ident: ref28 publication-title: ATR Definitions and Performance Measures – ident: ref62 doi: 10.1063/1.1777796 – ident: ref40 doi: 10.1364/AO.36.001054 – ident: ref37 doi: 10.1126/science.265.5173.749 – ident: ref51 doi: 10.1117/1.2158409 – ident: ref12 doi: 10.1117/1.1288369 – ident: ref9 doi: 10.1364/AO.38.006785 – ident: ref53 doi: 10.1364/OL.27.001764 – ident: ref21 doi: 10.1088/1464-4258/8/1/010 – ident: ref25 doi: 10.1364/OE.15.015615 – ident: ref61 doi: 10.1364/AO.45.004873 – year: 1999 ident: ref71 article-title: selected papers on automatic target recognition publication-title: SPIE – ident: ref66 doi: 10.1117/1.1789991 – ident: ref24 doi: 10.1117/12.689871 – ident: ref52 doi: 10.1364/OL.22.001268 – ident: ref56 doi: 10.1063/1.1755043 – ident: ref32 doi: 10.1364/OE.15.010253
SSID	ssj0003563
Score	2.4760253
Snippet	This paper presents an overview of the potential of free space optical technology in information security, encryption, and authentication. Optical waveform...
SourceID	csuc proquest crossref ieee
SourceType	Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Enrichment Source Index Database Publisher
StartPage	1128
SubjectTerms	Authentication Biomedical optical imaging Ciències de la visió Computer information security Criptografia Cryptography Data encryption (Computer science) Data security Digital digital holography Encriptació de dades (Informàtica) Encryption Holografia Holograms Holographic optical components Holography ID tag Information networks Security measures Information security Information technology Informàtica optical encryption Optical interferometry Optical recording Phase modulation Security measures Seguretat informàtica Signatures Space technology Three dimensional Àrees temàtiques de la UPC Òptica física
Title	Optical Techniques for Information Security
URI	https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4939407 https://www.proquest.com/docview/858852344 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1022911500 https://www.proquest.com/docview/34668850 https://www.proquest.com/docview/875027276 https://recercat.cat/handle/2072/338728
Volume	97
WOSCitedRecordID	wos000266377600013&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText	1
inHoldings	1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights	– providerCode: PRVIEE databaseName: IEEE Electronic Library (IEL) customDbUrl: eissn: 1558-2256 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0003563 issn: 0018-9219 databaseCode: RIE dateStart: 19630101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ providerName: IEEE
link	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV1LS8QwEB508aAH32J9VvCk1m2TbJMcRRTxoOIDvIU0m4Agu7Ld9fc7SbNV8AEeCg2dhnSmk5lJMvMBHHLtpLWszIzTVcYIcZmucp0ZU-as4mjwcxPAJvjNjXh-lnczcNLmwlhrw-Eze-pvw15-f2gmfqmsy6TH8eazMMs5b3K12lmX9iJqWoEKjGo4TZDJZff67v72vClNieZO0IAp_2mEOqaemAiu8m1GDmbmcul_A1yGxehOpmeN_Fdgxg5WYeFLkcE1OL59C-vV6eO0XGudoqeaxkQkL5j0IaLYrcPT5cXj-VUWIRIy02NknAlN-v1KCGapRk_G8MpVsjSe05Jxf8bFOkrQpROFlsS4ipUu17qyTlBNnKYb0BkMB3YTUmMpjt6F0p2swEbhmNbocDnq0K0oEyimPFMm1g_3MBavKsQRuVSBzx7XUqrI5wSO23femuoZf1IfeVEonOrtyOix8qWv24a_SM6Jwo_hRCSw5vnfdhtZn8D2VIAqamOtRE8IDLgZS-CgfYpq5PdG9MAOJ7Xyga_03nGewP4vNJSVJXaEFOkvFBj8YZhPeLn18-i2Yb7ZjfKrODvQGY8mdhfmzPv4pR7thR_6A9218hY
linkProvider	IEEE
linkToHtml	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV3dSxwxEB_sWag-aFsV188t9Kl2vd0kt0keRRS19pR6Bd9CNpeAIHdye-ff7ySb2wpVwYeFDTsbkkkmM5Nk5gfwnWsnrWVlZpyuMkaIy3SV68yYMmcVR4WfmwA2wft9cXsrrxfgZxsLY60Nl8_soX8NZ_nDsZn5rbIukx7Hm3-AxR5jpGiitdp1l_YiblqBIoyCOA-RyWX34vrP1XGTnBIVnqABVf6fGuqYemYivMp_a3JQNKer72viZ1iJBmV61MyAL7BgR19h-VmawTU4uHoIO9bpYJ6wtU7RVk1jKJIfmvQm4titw9_Tk8HxWRZBEjLTY2SaCU2Gw0oIZqlGW8bwylWyNJ7XknF_y8U6StCoE4WWxLiKlS7XurJOUE2cphvQGY1HdhNSYym23oXknazAQuGY1mhyOerQsCgTKOY8UyZmEPdAFvcqeBK5VIHPHtlSqsjnBA7afx6a_BlvUv_wQ6FwsbcTo6fKJ79uC_4hOScKO8OJSGDN87-tNrI-ge35AKooj7USPSHQ5WYsgW_tVxQkfzqiR3Y8q5V3faW3j_ME9l-hoawssSKkSF-hQPcPHX3Cy62XW7cPn84Gvy_V5Xn_1zYsNWdTfk9nBzrTyczuwkfzOL2rJ3thcj8BmNX1XQ
openUrl	ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Optical+Techniques+for+Information+Security&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+IEEE&rft.au=Matoba%2C+O&rft.au=Nomura%2C+T&rft.au=Perez-Cabre%2C+E&rft.au=Millan%2C+MS&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.issn=0018-9219&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=6&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2FJPROC.2009.2018367&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT
thumbnail_l	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0018-9219&client=summon
thumbnail_m	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0018-9219&client=summon
thumbnail_s	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0018-9219&client=summon