Daily rhythms, light exposure and social jetlag correlate with demographic characteristics and health in a nationally representative survey

The timing of daily activity in humans have been associated with various demographic and health-related factors, but the possibly complex patterns of confounding and interaction between these has not been systematically explored. We use data from Hungarostudy 2021, a nationally representative survey...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports Vol. 13; no. 1; pp. 12287 - 14
Main Authors: Ujma, Péter P., Horváth, Csenge G., Bódizs, Róbert
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 29.07.2023
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Subjects:
631/378/1385
631/477/2811
692/499
Adult
Alcohol Drinking
Child
Chronotype
Circadian rhythm
Demography
Education
Ethnicity
Female
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Jet Lag Syndrome
Light
Low income groups
Mental health
Minority Groups
multidisciplinary
Physical activity
Questionnaires
Risk factors
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Self Report
Sleep
Sleep and wakefulness
Social factors
Surveys
Variables
ISSN:2045-2322, 2045-2322
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:The timing of daily activity in humans have been associated with various demographic and health-related factors, but the possibly complex patterns of confounding and interaction between these has not been systematically explored. We use data from Hungarostudy 2021, a nationally representative survey of 7000 Hungarian adults to assess the relationship between self-reported chronotype, social jetlag (using the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire), demographic variables and self-reported health and demographic variables, including ethnic minority membership. Supporting the validity of self-reports, participants with later chronotypes reported the lowest daytime sleepiness at a later clock time. We found that older age, female sex, a more eastward and southward geographical position, residence in a smaller settlement, less education and income, religiousness and cohabiting with small children were associated with an earlier chronotype. Younger age, higher education and income, and cohabiting with small children were associated with increased social jetlag. Of the 48 health-related variables surveyed, the relationship with both chronotype and social jetlag were mostly accounted for by age, sex, and socioeconomic effects, but we identified alcohol consumption, smoking, and physical activity as predictors of both social jetlag and chronotype, while a number of disorders were either positively or negatively associated with chronotype and social jetlag. Our findings from a large, nationally representative sample indicate that both biological and social factors influence chronotype and identified both demographic and health-related variables as risk factors for social jetlag. Our results, however, do not support a causal relationship between light exposure and mental health.
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ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-023-39011-x