Changes in Macronutrients during Dieting Lead to Weight Cycling and Metabolic Complications in Mouse Model

Weight cycling is a major challenge in obesity management. Caloric restriction is known to promote this phenomenon, but the impact of macronutrient changes during dieting remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the role of macronutrient changes in weight maintenance without caloric restrictio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients Vol. 16; no. 5; p. 646
Main Authors: Charlot, Anouk, Bringolf, Anthony, Debrut, Léa, Mallard, Joris, Charles, Anne-Laure, Crouchet, Emilie, Duteil, Delphine, Geny, Bernard, Zoll, Joffrey
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 25.02.2024
MDPI
Subjects:
Animals
Biochemistry, Molecular Biology
Body fat
Carbohydrates
Collagen
Complications and side effects
Dextrose
Diabetes
Diet
Diet, High-Fat
Diet, Western
Disease Models, Animal
Drinking water
energy intake
Fatty acids
Fatty liver
Fibroblast growth factors
Food
Gene expression
Glucose
high fat diet
hyperlipidemia
Laboratory animals
Life Sciences
Lipids
Liver - metabolism
Liver diseases
low calorie diet
Low-carbohydrate diet
Male
males
Metabolism
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Nutrients
Obesity
Obesity - metabolism
Proteins
Scientific equipment and supplies industry
Type 2 diabetes
Weight control
Weight Cycling
weight gain
Weight loss maintenance
Western diets
France
United States
United States > US
carbohydrates
low-carbohydrate high-fat diet
nutrition
weight cycling
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
obesity
metabolism
ISSN:2072-6643, 2072-6643
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Weight cycling is a major challenge in obesity management. Caloric restriction is known to promote this phenomenon, but the impact of macronutrient changes during dieting remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the role of macronutrient changes in weight maintenance without caloric restriction by alternating between two hypercaloric diets: a high-carbohydrate, high-fat Western diet (WD) and a low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet (LCHDF). Obesity was induced in 8-week-old C57BL/6 male mice by 10 weeks of WD feeding. Then, the mice were subjected to 12 weeks of LCHFD interspersed with WD (I-WD), 3 periods of 2-week LCHFD followed by 2 periods of 3-week WD, or 12 weeks of continuous WD (C-WD). C-WD and I-WD mice were compared to standard diet (SD) mice. In the I-WD group, each LCHFD period decreased weight gain, but mice regained weight after WD resumption. I-WD mice exhibited obesity, dyslipidemia, and glucose intolerance, similarly to the C-WD mice. I-WD mice also developed nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, associated with an increase in type-III collagen gene expression and a decrease in FGF21 protein levels, in comparison with SD. I-WD mice developed weight cycling despite maintaining a high caloric consumption, suggesting that changes in macronutrients during dieting are also a trigger of weight regain.
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ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu16050646