Giant mitochondria in cardiomyocytes: cellular architecture in health and disease

Giant mitochondria are frequently observed in different disease models within the brain, kidney, and liver. In cardiac muscle, these enlarged organelles are present across diverse physiological and pathophysiological conditions including in ageing and exercise, and clinically in alcohol-induced hear...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Basic research in cardiology Vol. 118; no. 1; p. 39
Main Authors: Li, Amy, Shami, Gerald J., Griffiths, Lisa, Lal, Sean, Irving, Helen, Braet, Filip
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 29.09.2023
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Cardiac muscle
Cardiology
Cardiomyocytes
Cardiomyopathies
Coronary artery disease
Disease
Heart diseases
Human tissues
Humans
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Mitochondria
Mitochondria - metabolism
Mitochondria, Heart - metabolism
Mitochondrial Swelling
Muscles
Myocardium - metabolism
Myocytes, Cardiac - metabolism
Organelles
Review
Histopathological marker
Muscle disease
Cardiomyopathy
Mitochondrion pathophysiology
Giant and megamitochondria
Mitochondrial aberrations
ISSN:1435-1803, 0300-8428, 1435-1803
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Giant mitochondria are frequently observed in different disease models within the brain, kidney, and liver. In cardiac muscle, these enlarged organelles are present across diverse physiological and pathophysiological conditions including in ageing and exercise, and clinically in alcohol-induced heart disease and various cardiomyopathies. This mitochondrial aberration is widely considered an early structural hallmark of disease leading to adverse organ function. In this thematic paper, we discuss the current state-of-knowledge on the presence, structure and functional implications of giant mitochondria in heart muscle. Despite its demonstrated reoccurrence in different heart diseases, the literature on this pathophysiological phenomenon remains relatively sparse since its initial observations in the early 60s. We review historical and contemporary investigations from cultured cardiomyocytes to human tissue samples to address the role of giant mitochondria in cardiac health and disease. Finally, we discuss their significance for the future development of novel mitochondria-targeted therapies to improve cardiac metabolism and functionality.
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ISSN:1435-1803
0300-8428
1435-1803
DOI:10.1007/s00395-023-01011-3