Seasonal recurrence and modular assembly of an Arctic pelagic marine microbiome

Deciphering how microbial communities are shaped by environmental variability is fundamental for understanding the structure and function of ocean ecosystems. While seasonal environmental gradients have been shown to structure the taxonomic dynamics of microbiomes over time, little is known about th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature communications Vol. 16; no. 1; pp. 1326 - 13
Main Authors: Priest, Taylor, Oldenburg, Ellen, Popa, Ovidiu, Dede, Bledina, Metfies, Katja, von Appen, Wilken-Jon, Torres-Valdés, Sinhué, Bienhold, Christina, Fuchs, Bernhard M., Amann, Rudolf, Boetius, Antje, Wietz, Matthias
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 03.02.2025
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Subjects:
45/22
45/23
631/326/171/1878
704/158/2445
704/158/2446/2447
704/158/2463
704/158/47/4112
Ammonia
Arctic Regions
Bacteria - classification
Bacteria - genetics
DNA barcoding
DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic
Dynamics
Ecosystem
Environmental gradient
Environmental information
Functionals
Genetic diversity
Humanities and Social Sciences
Marine ecosystems
Metagenomics
Metagenomics - methods
Microbial activity
Microbiomes
Microbiota - genetics
Microorganisms
Modular structures
multidisciplinary
Oceans
Oceans and Seas
Phylogeny
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics
Samplers
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Seasonal variations
Seasons
Seawater - microbiology
Structure-function relationships
Sulfur
Sulfur compounds
Taxonomy
Arctic Regions
Arctic Ocean
ISSN:2041-1723, 2041-1723
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Deciphering how microbial communities are shaped by environmental variability is fundamental for understanding the structure and function of ocean ecosystems. While seasonal environmental gradients have been shown to structure the taxonomic dynamics of microbiomes over time, little is known about their impact on functional dynamics and the coupling between taxonomy and function. Here, we demonstrate annually recurrent, seasonal structuring of taxonomic and functional dynamics in a pelagic Arctic Ocean microbiome by combining autonomous samplers and in situ sensors with long-read metagenomics and SSU ribosomal metabarcoding. Specifically, we identified five temporal microbiome modules whose succession within each annual cycle represents a transition across different ecological states. For instance, Cand . Nitrosopumilus, Syndiniales, and the machinery to oxidise ammonia and reduce nitrite are signatures of early polar night, while late summer is characterised by Amylibacter and sulfur compound metabolism. Leveraging metatranscriptomes from Tara Oceans , we also demonstrate the consistency in functional dynamics across the wider Arctic Ocean during similar temporal periods. Furthermore, the structuring of genetic diversity within functions over time indicates that environmental selection pressure acts heterogeneously on microbiomes across seasons. By integrating taxonomic, functional and environmental information, our study provides fundamental insights into how microbiomes are structured under pronounced seasonal changes in understudied, yet rapidly changing polar marine ecosystems. Microbial communities are shaped by their environment. Here, the authors demonstrate temporal structuring of microbial communities in the pelagic Arctic Ocean, using remote, long-term sampling with long-read metagenomics and SSU ribosomal metabarcoding.
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ISSN:2041-1723
2041-1723
DOI:10.1038/s41467-025-56203-3