M2b macrophage polarization and its roles in diseases

Macrophages play an important role in a wide variety of physiologic and pathologic processes. Plasticity and functional polarization are hallmarks of macrophages. Macrophages commonly exist in two distinct subsets: classically activated macrophages (M1) and alternatively activated macrophages (M2)....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of leukocyte biology Vol. 106; no. 2; pp. 345 - 358
Main Authors: Wang, Le‐xun, Zhang, Sheng‐xi, Wu, Hui‐juan, Rong, Xiang‐lu, Guo, Jiao
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Oxford University Press 01.08.2019
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Subjects:
Animals
Autoimmunity
Biomarkers
Cell activation
Chemokines
Disease pathogenesis
Disease Susceptibility
Functional plasticity
Gene Expression Regulation
Humans
Immunomodulation - drug effects
Immunomodulation - radiation effects
Immunophenotyping
Inflammation
Macrophage Activation - genetics
Macrophage Activation - immunology
Macrophages
Macrophages - immunology
Macrophages - metabolism
Manipulation of immune response
Monocyte/Macrophage
Phenotype
Polarization
Review
Reviews
Signal Transduction
Stimuli
Autoimmunity
Disease pathogenesis
Monocyte/Macrophage
Inflammation
Manipulation of immune response
Chemokines
ISSN:0741-5400, 1938-3673, 1938-3673
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Macrophages play an important role in a wide variety of physiologic and pathologic processes. Plasticity and functional polarization are hallmarks of macrophages. Macrophages commonly exist in two distinct subsets: classically activated macrophages (M1) and alternatively activated macrophages (M2). M2b, a subtype of M2 macrophages, has attracted increasing attention over the past decade due to its strong immune‐regulated and anti‐inflammatory effects. A wide variety of stimuli and multiple factors modulate M2b macrophage polarization in vitro and in vivo. M2b macrophages possess both protective and pathogenic roles in various diseases. Understanding the mechanisms of M2b macrophage activation and the modulation of their polarization might provide a great perspective for the design of novel therapeutic strategies. The purpose of this review is to discuss current knowledge of M2b macrophage polarization, the roles of M2b macrophages in a variety of diseases and the stimuli to modulate M2b macrophage polarization. Review outlines the current knowledge of the stimuli of M2b macrophage polarization and the roles of these cells in diseases.
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ISSN:0741-5400
1938-3673
1938-3673
DOI:10.1002/JLB.3RU1018-378RR