Surrogate “Level-Based” Lagrangian Relaxation for mixed-integer linear programming

Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) plays an important role across a range of scientific disciplines and within areas of strategic importance to society. The MILP problems, however, suffer from combinatorial complexity . Because of integer decision variables, as the problem size increases, the n...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports Vol. 12; no. 1; pp. 22417 - 12
Main Authors: Bragin, Mikhail A., Tucker, Emily L.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 27.12.2022
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Subjects:
ISSN:2045-2322, 2045-2322
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Abstract Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) plays an important role across a range of scientific disciplines and within areas of strategic importance to society. The MILP problems, however, suffer from combinatorial complexity . Because of integer decision variables, as the problem size increases, the number of possible solutions increases super-linearly thereby leading to a drastic increase in the computational effort. To efficiently solve MILP problems, a “price-based” decomposition and coordination approach is developed to exploit 1. the super-linear reduction of complexity upon the decomposition and 2. the geometric convergence potential inherent to Polyak’s stepsizing formula for the fastest coordination possible to obtain near-optimal solutions in a computationally efficient manner. Unlike all previous methods to set stepsizes heuristically by adjusting hyperparameters, the key novel way to obtain stepsizes is purely decision-based: a novel “auxiliary” constraint satisfaction problem is solved, from which the appropriate stepsizes are inferred. Testing results for large-scale Generalized Assignment Problems demonstrate that for the majority of instances, certifiably optimal solutions are obtained. For stochastic job-shop scheduling as well as for pharmaceutical scheduling, computational results demonstrate the two orders of magnitude speedup as compared to Branch-and-Cut. The new method has a major impact on the efficient resolution of complex Mixed-Integer Programming problems arising within a variety of scientific fields.
AbstractList Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) plays an important role across a range of scientific disciplines and within areas of strategic importance to society. The MILP problems, however, suffer from combinatorial complexity . Because of integer decision variables, as the problem size increases, the number of possible solutions increases super-linearly thereby leading to a drastic increase in the computational effort. To efficiently solve MILP problems, a “price-based” decomposition and coordination approach is developed to exploit 1. the super-linear reduction of complexity upon the decomposition and 2. the geometric convergence potential inherent to Polyak’s stepsizing formula for the fastest coordination possible to obtain near-optimal solutions in a computationally efficient manner. Unlike all previous methods to set stepsizes heuristically by adjusting hyperparameters, the key novel way to obtain stepsizes is purely decision-based: a novel “auxiliary” constraint satisfaction problem is solved, from which the appropriate stepsizes are inferred. Testing results for large-scale Generalized Assignment Problems demonstrate that for the majority of instances, certifiably optimal solutions are obtained. For stochastic job-shop scheduling as well as for pharmaceutical scheduling, computational results demonstrate the two orders of magnitude speedup as compared to Branch-and-Cut. The new method has a major impact on the efficient resolution of complex Mixed-Integer Programming problems arising within a variety of scientific fields.
Abstract Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) plays an important role across a range of scientific disciplines and within areas of strategic importance to society. The MILP problems, however, suffer from combinatorial complexity. Because of integer decision variables, as the problem size increases, the number of possible solutions increases super-linearly thereby leading to a drastic increase in the computational effort. To efficiently solve MILP problems, a “price-based” decomposition and coordination approach is developed to exploit 1. the super-linear reduction of complexity upon the decomposition and 2. the geometric convergence potential inherent to Polyak’s stepsizing formula for the fastest coordination possible to obtain near-optimal solutions in a computationally efficient manner. Unlike all previous methods to set stepsizes heuristically by adjusting hyperparameters, the key novel way to obtain stepsizes is purely decision-based: a novel “auxiliary” constraint satisfaction problem is solved, from which the appropriate stepsizes are inferred. Testing results for large-scale Generalized Assignment Problems demonstrate that for the majority of instances, certifiably optimal solutions are obtained. For stochastic job-shop scheduling as well as for pharmaceutical scheduling, computational results demonstrate the two orders of magnitude speedup as compared to Branch-and-Cut. The new method has a major impact on the efficient resolution of complex Mixed-Integer Programming problems arising within a variety of scientific fields.
Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) plays an important role across a range of scientific disciplines and within areas of strategic importance to society. The MILP problems, however, suffer from combinatorial complexity. Because of integer decision variables, as the problem size increases, the number of possible solutions increases super-linearly thereby leading to a drastic increase in the computational effort. To efficiently solve MILP problems, a “price-based” decomposition and coordination approach is developed to exploit 1. the super-linear reduction of complexity upon the decomposition and 2. the geometric convergence potential inherent to Polyak’s stepsizing formula for the fastest coordination possible to obtain near-optimal solutions in a computationally efficient manner. Unlike all previous methods to set stepsizes heuristically by adjusting hyperparameters, the key novel way to obtain stepsizes is purely decision-based: a novel “auxiliary” constraint satisfaction problem is solved, from which the appropriate stepsizes are inferred. Testing results for large-scale Generalized Assignment Problems demonstrate that for the majority of instances, certifiably optimal solutions are obtained. For stochastic job-shop scheduling as well as for pharmaceutical scheduling, computational results demonstrate the two orders of magnitude speedup as compared to Branch-and-Cut. The new method has a major impact on the efficient resolution of complex Mixed-Integer Programming problems arising within a variety of scientific fields.
Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) plays an important role across a range of scientific disciplines and within areas of strategic importance to society. The MILP problems, however, suffer from combinatorial complexity. Because of integer decision variables, as the problem size increases, the number of possible solutions increases super-linearly thereby leading to a drastic increase in the computational effort. To efficiently solve MILP problems, a "price-based" decomposition and coordination approach is developed to exploit 1. the super-linear reduction of complexity upon the decomposition and 2. the geometric convergence potential inherent to Polyak's stepsizing formula for the fastest coordination possible to obtain near-optimal solutions in a computationally efficient manner. Unlike all previous methods to set stepsizes heuristically by adjusting hyperparameters, the key novel way to obtain stepsizes is purely decision-based: a novel "auxiliary" constraint satisfaction problem is solved, from which the appropriate stepsizes are inferred. Testing results for large-scale Generalized Assignment Problems demonstrate that for the majority of instances, certifiably optimal solutions are obtained. For stochastic job-shop scheduling as well as for pharmaceutical scheduling, computational results demonstrate the two orders of magnitude speedup as compared to Branch-and-Cut. The new method has a major impact on the efficient resolution of complex Mixed-Integer Programming problems arising within a variety of scientific fields.Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) plays an important role across a range of scientific disciplines and within areas of strategic importance to society. The MILP problems, however, suffer from combinatorial complexity. Because of integer decision variables, as the problem size increases, the number of possible solutions increases super-linearly thereby leading to a drastic increase in the computational effort. To efficiently solve MILP problems, a "price-based" decomposition and coordination approach is developed to exploit 1. the super-linear reduction of complexity upon the decomposition and 2. the geometric convergence potential inherent to Polyak's stepsizing formula for the fastest coordination possible to obtain near-optimal solutions in a computationally efficient manner. Unlike all previous methods to set stepsizes heuristically by adjusting hyperparameters, the key novel way to obtain stepsizes is purely decision-based: a novel "auxiliary" constraint satisfaction problem is solved, from which the appropriate stepsizes are inferred. Testing results for large-scale Generalized Assignment Problems demonstrate that for the majority of instances, certifiably optimal solutions are obtained. For stochastic job-shop scheduling as well as for pharmaceutical scheduling, computational results demonstrate the two orders of magnitude speedup as compared to Branch-and-Cut. The new method has a major impact on the efficient resolution of complex Mixed-Integer Programming problems arising within a variety of scientific fields.
ArticleNumber 22417
Author Tucker, Emily L.
Bragin, Mikhail A.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Mikhail A.
  surname: Bragin
  fullname: Bragin, Mikhail A.
  email: mikhail.bragin@uconn.edu
  organization: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Emily L.
  surname: Tucker
  fullname: Tucker, Emily L.
  organization: Department of Industrial Engineering, Clemson University
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36575204$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNp9ks9uFSEUxompsfXaF3BhJnHjZhQYmIGNiTb-aXITE_9tCRcOIzczcIWZpu76IPpyfRK597badlE2EPidjy_nfI_RQYgBEHpK8EuCG_EqM8KlqDGlNW1py2ryAB1RzHhNG0oPbpwP0XHOa1wWp5IR-QgdNi3veAGO0Pcvc0qx1xNUlxe_l3AGQ_1WZ7CXF3-qpe6TDr3XofoMgz7Xk4-hcjFVoz8HW_swQQ-pGnwAnapNEUp6HH3on6CHTg8Zjq_2Bfr2_t3Xk4_18tOH05M3y9pwhqca2rYTVlsnhQHOHW0kXYFjraSOwop1TnPedISB5QZrbA1zXHJqQJhuZVfNAp3udW3Ua7VJftTpl4raq91FTL3SafJmANU5UfrUaEasKHpClm8Ids5ga4krLwv0eq-1mVcjWANhSnq4JXr7Jfgfqo9nSnaSiYYUgRdXAin-nCFPavTZwDDoAHHOinZcYlzaTgv6_A66jnMKpVVbShRnpMGFenbT0T8r1-MrgNgDJsWcEzhl_LSbUjHoB0Ww2oZF7cOiSljULixqa5beKb1Wv7eo2RflAocy-v-276n6C_nb0-g
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1145_3624476
crossref_primary_10_3390_en17194851
crossref_primary_10_3390_pr13072197
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_enconman_2025_120306
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10957_025_02750_0
Cites_doi 10.1023/A:1022646725208
10.1137/S1052623499362111
10.1049/iet-gtd.2018.6314
10.1038/s43588-020-00009-4
10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.09.088
10.1016/j.asoc.2011.06.001
10.1016/j.cie.2019.02.002
10.1038/nature19946
10.1016/S0925-5273(01)00140-2
10.1016/j.ejor.2010.06.002
10.1007/s00500-015-1647-z
10.1109/TASE.2018.2835298
10.1109/70.210791
10.1007/s101070050053
10.1007/s13369-021-06317-9
10.1002/amp2.10141
10.1016/j.cor.2022.105862
10.1016/j.compchemeng.2021.107346
10.1287/opre.2020.2093
10.1007/s10729-016-9390-2
10.1016/j.ejor.2011.06.021
10.1016/j.asoc.2012.02.024
10.1016/j.tre.2019.08.005
10.1007/s10288-018-0389-z
10.1016/j.tre.2018.06.005
10.1016/j.ejor.2022.03.014
10.1016/0041-5553(69)90061-5
10.1007/s10589-011-9432-0
10.1038/nenergy.2017.50
10.1016/j.engappai.2018.10.007
10.1002/amp2.10140
10.1016/j.ejor.2021.07.031
10.1016/j.tre.2021.102371
10.1016/j.cor.2021.105616
10.1109/TASE.2020.2998048
10.1007/s10845-020-01703-w
10.1007/s10957-014-0561-3
10.1080/03155986.2021.1881359
10.1109/TPWRS.2020.3005407
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright The Author(s) 2022. corrected publication 2023
2022. The Author(s).
The Author(s) 2022. corrected publication 2023. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
The Author(s) 2022
Copyright_xml – notice: The Author(s) 2022. corrected publication 2023
– notice: 2022. The Author(s).
– notice: The Author(s) 2022. corrected publication 2023. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
– notice: The Author(s) 2022
DBID C6C
AAYXX
CITATION
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
3V.
7X7
7XB
88A
88E
88I
8FE
8FH
8FI
8FJ
8FK
ABUWG
AEUYN
AFKRA
AZQEC
BBNVY
BENPR
BHPHI
CCPQU
DWQXO
FYUFA
GHDGH
GNUQQ
HCIFZ
K9.
LK8
M0S
M1P
M2P
M7P
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PJZUB
PKEHL
PPXIY
PQEST
PQGLB
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
Q9U
7X8
5PM
DOA
DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-26264-1
DatabaseName Springer Nature OA Free Journals
CrossRef
Medline
MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE
MEDLINE
PubMed
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
Health & Medical Collection
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
Biology Database (Alumni Edition)
Medical Database (Alumni Edition)
Science Database (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
Hospital Premium Collection
Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest One Sustainability
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
ProQuest Central Essentials
Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central
Natural Science Collection
ProQuest One
ProQuest Central
Health Research Premium Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Central Student
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
Biological Sciences
ProQuest Health & Medical Collection
Medical Database
Science Database
Biological Science Database
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic (New)
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Academic (retired)
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest Central Basic
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
MEDLINE
Medline Complete
MEDLINE with Full Text
PubMed
MEDLINE (Ovid)
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest Central Student
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest Biology Journals (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Sustainability
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
Health Research Premium Collection
Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition)
Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Central Korea
Health & Medical Research Collection
Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central (New)
ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni)
ProQuest Science Journals (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central Basic
ProQuest Science Journals
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
ProQuest Hospital Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
Biological Science Database
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete
ProQuest Medical Library
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList CrossRef


Publicly Available Content Database

MEDLINE
MEDLINE - Academic
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: DOA
  name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 2
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 3
  dbid: PIMPY
  name: Publicly Available Content Database
  url: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Biology
EISSN 2045-2322
EndPage 12
ExternalDocumentID oai_doaj_org_article_7f86263a41d84ed89f4610ffc0dd1f26
PMC9794831
36575204
10_1038_s41598_022_26264_1
Genre Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S
Journal Article
GrantInformation_xml – fundername: US NSF
  grantid: ECCS-1810108
– fundername: ;
  grantid: ECCS-1810108
GroupedDBID 0R~
3V.
4.4
53G
5VS
7X7
88A
88E
88I
8FE
8FH
8FI
8FJ
AAFWJ
AAJSJ
AAKDD
ABDBF
ABUWG
ACGFS
ACSMW
ACUHS
ADBBV
ADRAZ
AENEX
AEUYN
AFKRA
AJTQC
ALIPV
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AOIJS
AZQEC
BAWUL
BBNVY
BCNDV
BENPR
BHPHI
BPHCQ
BVXVI
C6C
CCPQU
DIK
DWQXO
EBD
EBLON
EBS
ESX
FYUFA
GNUQQ
GROUPED_DOAJ
GX1
HCIFZ
HH5
HMCUK
HYE
KQ8
LK8
M0L
M1P
M2P
M48
M7P
M~E
NAO
OK1
PIMPY
PQQKQ
PROAC
PSQYO
RNT
RNTTT
RPM
SNYQT
UKHRP
AASML
AAYXX
AFFHD
AFPKN
CITATION
PHGZM
PHGZT
PJZUB
PPXIY
PQGLB
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
7XB
8FK
K9.
PKEHL
PQEST
PQUKI
PRINS
Q9U
7X8
PUEGO
5PM
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c540t-e6678dadf98ce55f2392bef4692f2eb47fa553714ed5c0a0dc4f5952ce8c7bdb3
IEDL.DBID DOA
ISICitedReferencesCount 8
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000934071700018&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 2045-2322
IngestDate Fri Oct 03 12:45:22 EDT 2025
Tue Nov 04 02:07:01 EST 2025
Fri Sep 05 14:15:17 EDT 2025
Tue Oct 07 08:55:28 EDT 2025
Mon Jul 21 05:58:40 EDT 2025
Sat Nov 29 02:07:45 EST 2025
Tue Nov 18 22:06:34 EST 2025
Fri Feb 21 02:39:15 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 1
Language English
License 2022. The Author(s).
Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c540t-e6678dadf98ce55f2392bef4692f2eb47fa553714ed5c0a0dc4f5952ce8c7bdb3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
content type line 23
OpenAccessLink https://doaj.org/article/7f86263a41d84ed89f4610ffc0dd1f26
PMID 36575204
PQID 2758461130
PQPubID 2041939
PageCount 12
ParticipantIDs doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_7f86263a41d84ed89f4610ffc0dd1f26
pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_9794831
proquest_miscellaneous_2759002042
proquest_journals_2758461130
pubmed_primary_36575204
crossref_citationtrail_10_1038_s41598_022_26264_1
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_022_26264_1
springer_journals_10_1038_s41598_022_26264_1
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2022-12-27
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2022-12-27
PublicationDate_xml – month: 12
  year: 2022
  text: 2022-12-27
  day: 27
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace London
PublicationPlace_xml – name: London
– name: England
PublicationTitle Scientific reports
PublicationTitleAbbrev Sci Rep
PublicationTitleAlternate Sci Rep
PublicationYear 2022
Publisher Nature Publishing Group UK
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Publisher_xml – name: Nature Publishing Group UK
– name: Nature Publishing Group
– name: Nature Portfolio
References Sun, Tu, Bragin, Zhang (CR41) 2022
Wilson, Shen, Awasthi, Bollas, Gupta (CR40) 2022
Zhu, Ursavas (CR15) 2018; 118
Nedić, Bertsekas (CR25) 2001; 12
Ge, Yuan (CR16) 2021; 151
Jamili (CR38) 2019; 78
Zhang, Song, Wu (CR36) 2013; 13
Ahani, Andersson, Martinello, Teytelboym, Trapp (CR7) 2021; 69
Reddy, Kumar, Choudhary, Cheng (CR21) 2022
CR32
Öztop, Tasgetiren, Kandiller, Pan (CR12) 2022; 138
Chen, Pan, Holzer, Rothberg, Ma, Veeramany (CR18) 2020; 36
Posta, Ferland, Philippe (CR31) 2012; 52
Stefansson, Sigmarsdottir, Jensson, Shah (CR14) 2011; 215
Polyak (CR22) 1969; 9
Lei (CR35) 2011; 11
Khlif Hachicha, Zeghal Mansour (CR3) 2018; 21
Bragin, Luh, Yan, Sun (CR28) 2019; 16
Horng, Lin (CR39) 2022; 47
Kamyabniya, Noormohammadzadeh, Sauré, Patrick (CR8) 2021; 152
Kopanos, Méndez, Puigjaner (CR13) 2010; 207
Zhao, Luh, Wang (CR23) 1999; 100
Schill, Pahle, Gambardella (CR17) 2017; 2
Nedić, Bertsekas, Uryasev, Pardalos (CR27) 2001
Kayvanfar, Akbari Jokar, Rafiee, Sheikh, Iranzad (CR4) 2021; 59
Liu, Li, Gao (CR9) 2021; 32
Goffin, Kiwiel (CR24) 1999; 85
Golenko-Ginzburg, Gonik (CR34) 2002; 76
Yang, Chen, Goodison, Sun (CR2) 2021; 1
Bragin, Yan, Luh (CR30) 2020; 18
Balogh, Garraffa, O’Sullivan, Salassa (CR11) 2022
Hoitomt, Luh, Pattipati (CR29) 1993; 9
Haddadi (CR33) 2019; 17
Huang, Boyken, Baker (CR1) 2016; 537
Hong, Chou, Lee (CR10) 2019; 129
CR42
Hamdan, Diabat (CR6) 2020; 134
Shen, Zhu (CR37) 2016; 20
Li, Zhai, Guan (CR19) 2020; 14
Bragin, Luh, Yan, Yu, Stern (CR26) 2015; 164
Smalley, Keskinocak, Swann, Hinman (CR5) 2015; 33
Archetti, Peirano, Speranza (CR20) 2022; 299
W-P Schill (26264_CR17) 2017; 2
HK Smalley (26264_CR5) 2015; 33
B Hamdan (26264_CR6) 2020; 134
A Kamyabniya (26264_CR8) 2021; 152
PS Huang (26264_CR1) 2016; 537
X Zhao (26264_CR23) 1999; 100
26264_CR42
L Yang (26264_CR2) 2021; 1
Q Liu (26264_CR9) 2021; 32
A Nedić (26264_CR27) 2001
S Haddadi (26264_CR33) 2019; 17
MA Bragin (26264_CR26) 2015; 164
H Öztop (26264_CR12) 2022; 138
Y Sun (26264_CR41) 2022
D Golenko-Ginzburg (26264_CR34) 2002; 76
D Lei (26264_CR35) 2011; 11
J-L Goffin (26264_CR24) 1999; 85
DJ Hoitomt (26264_CR29) 1993; 9
MA Bragin (26264_CR30) 2020; 18
X Li (26264_CR19) 2020; 14
H Stefansson (26264_CR14) 2011; 215
26264_CR32
A Nedić (26264_CR25) 2001; 12
SX Zhu (26264_CR15) 2018; 118
H Khlif Hachicha (26264_CR3) 2018; 21
A Balogh (26264_CR11) 2022
J Shen (26264_CR37) 2016; 20
V Kayvanfar (26264_CR4) 2021; 59
SC Horng (26264_CR39) 2022; 47
R Zhang (26264_CR36) 2013; 13
GM Kopanos (26264_CR13) 2010; 207
MA Bragin (26264_CR28) 2019; 16
C Ge (26264_CR16) 2021; 151
C Archetti (26264_CR20) 2022; 299
N Ahani (26264_CR7) 2021; 69
KN Reddy (26264_CR21) 2022
M Posta (26264_CR31) 2012; 52
JP Wilson (26264_CR40) 2022
Y Chen (26264_CR18) 2020; 36
I-H Hong (26264_CR10) 2019; 129
BT Polyak (26264_CR22) 1969; 9
A Jamili (26264_CR38) 2019; 78
36859563 - Sci Rep. 2023 Mar 1;13(1):3474. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-30358-9
References_xml – volume: 100
  start-page: 699
  issue: 3
  year: 1999
  end-page: 712
  ident: CR23
  article-title: Surrogate gradient algorithm for Lagrangian relaxation
  publication-title: J. Optim. Theory Appl.
  doi: 10.1023/A:1022646725208
– volume: 12
  start-page: 109
  issue: 1
  year: 2001
  end-page: 138
  ident: CR25
  article-title: Incremental subgradient methods for nondifferentiable optimization
  publication-title: SIAM J. Optim.
  doi: 10.1137/S1052623499362111
– volume: 14
  start-page: 2968
  issue: 15
  year: 2020
  end-page: 2975
  ident: CR19
  article-title: Robust transmission constrained unit commitment: A column merging method
  publication-title: IET Gener. Transm. Distrib.
  doi: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2018.6314
– volume: 1
  start-page: 79
  year: 2021
  end-page: 88
  ident: CR2
  article-title: An efficient and effective method to identify significantly perturbed subnetworks in cancer
  publication-title: Nat. Comput. Sci.
  doi: 10.1038/s43588-020-00009-4
– volume: 33
  start-page: 6218
  issue: 46
  year: 2015
  end-page: 6223
  ident: CR5
  article-title: Optimized oral cholera vaccine distribution strategies to minimize disease incidence: A mixed integer programming model and analysis of a Bangladesh scenario
  publication-title: Vaccine
  doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.09.088
– volume: 11
  start-page: 4991
  issue: 8
  year: 2011
  end-page: 4996
  ident: CR35
  article-title: Simplified multi-objective genetic algorithms for stochastic job shop scheduling
  publication-title: Appl. Soft Comput.
  doi: 10.1016/j.asoc.2011.06.001
– volume: 129
  start-page: 417
  year: 2019
  end-page: 425
  ident: CR10
  article-title: Admission control in queue-time loop production-mixed integer programming with Lagrangian relaxation (MIPLAR)
  publication-title: Comput. Ind. Eng.
  doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2019.02.002
– volume: 537
  start-page: 320
  year: 2016
  end-page: 327
  ident: CR1
  article-title: The coming of age of de novo protein design
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature19946
– volume: 76
  start-page: 147
  issue: 2
  year: 2002
  end-page: 157
  ident: CR34
  article-title: Optimal job-shop scheduling with random operations and cost objectives
  publication-title: Int. J. Prod. Econ.
  doi: 10.1016/S0925-5273(01)00140-2
– volume: 207
  start-page: 644
  issue: 2
  year: 2010
  end-page: 655
  ident: CR13
  article-title: MIP-based decomposition strategies for large-scale scheduling problems in multiproduct multistage batch plants: A benchmark scheduling problem of the pharmaceutical industry
  publication-title: Eur. J. Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2010.06.002
– volume: 20
  start-page: 2383
  issue: 6
  year: 2016
  end-page: 2391
  ident: CR37
  article-title: Chance-constrained model for uncertain job shop scheduling problem
  publication-title: Soft Comput.
  doi: 10.1007/s00500-015-1647-z
– volume: 16
  start-page: 531
  issue: 2
  year: 2019
  end-page: 541
  ident: CR28
  article-title: A scalable solution methodology for mixed-integer linear programming problems arising in automation
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Sci. Eng.
  doi: 10.1109/TASE.2018.2835298
– volume: 9
  start-page: 1
  issue: 1
  year: 1993
  end-page: 13
  ident: CR29
  article-title: A practical approach to job shop scheduling problems
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Robot. Autom.
  doi: 10.1109/70.210791
– volume: 85
  start-page: 207
  year: 1999
  end-page: 211
  ident: CR24
  article-title: Convergence of a simple subgradient level method
  publication-title: Math. Program.
  doi: 10.1007/s101070050053
– volume: 47
  start-page: 9659
  year: 2022
  end-page: 9671
  ident: CR39
  article-title: Apply ordinal optimization to optimize the job-shop scheduling under uncertain processing times
  publication-title: Arab. J. Sci. Eng.
  doi: 10.1007/s13369-021-06317-9
– year: 2022
  ident: CR41
  article-title: A simulation-based integrated virtual testbed for dynamic optimization in smart manufacturing systems
  publication-title: J. Adv. Manuf. Process.
  doi: 10.1002/amp2.10141
– year: 2022
  ident: CR11
  article-title: MILP-based local search procedures for minimizing total tardiness in the No-idle Permutation Flowshop problem
  publication-title: Comput. Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/j.cor.2022.105862
– year: 2001
  ident: CR27
  article-title: Convergence rate of incremental subgradient Algorithms
  publication-title: Stochastic Optimization: Algorithms and Applications
– volume: 151
  start-page: 107346
  year: 2021
  ident: CR16
  article-title: Production scheduling for the reconfigurable modular pharmaceutical manufacturing processes
  publication-title: Comput. Chem. Eng.
  doi: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2021.107346
– ident: CR42
– volume: 69
  start-page: 1468
  issue: 5
  year: 2021
  end-page: 1486
  ident: CR7
  article-title: Placement optimization in refugee resettlement
  publication-title: Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1287/opre.2020.2093
– volume: 21
  start-page: 376
  issue: 3
  year: 2018
  end-page: 392
  ident: CR3
  article-title: Two-MILP models for scheduling elective surgeries within a private healthcare facility
  publication-title: Health Care Manag. Sci.
  doi: 10.1007/s10729-016-9390-2
– volume: 215
  start-page: 383
  issue: 2
  year: 2011
  end-page: 392
  ident: CR14
  article-title: Discrete and continuous time representations and mathematical models for large production scheduling problems: A case study from the pharmaceutical industry
  publication-title: Eur. J. Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2011.06.021
– volume: 13
  start-page: 1448
  issue: 3
  year: 2013
  end-page: 1458
  ident: CR36
  article-title: A hybrid differential evolution algorithm for job shop scheduling problems with expected total tardiness criterion
  publication-title: Appl. Soft Comput.
  doi: 10.1016/j.asoc.2012.02.024
– volume: 134
  start-page: 101764
  year: 2020
  ident: CR6
  article-title: Robust design of blood supply chains under risk of disruptions using Lagrangian relaxation
  publication-title: Transp. Res. Part E Logist. Transp. Rev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.tre.2019.08.005
– volume: 17
  start-page: 261
  issue: 3
  year: 2019
  end-page: 295
  ident: CR33
  article-title: Variable-fixing then subgradient optimization guided very large scale neighborhood search for the generalized assignment problem
  publication-title: 4OR Q. J. Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1007/s10288-018-0389-z
– volume: 118
  start-page: 190
  year: 2018
  end-page: 207
  ident: CR15
  article-title: Design and analysis of a satellite network with direct delivery in the pharmaceutical industry
  publication-title: Transp. Res. Part E Logist. Transp. Rev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.tre.2018.06.005
– year: 2022
  ident: CR21
  article-title: Multi-period green reverse logistics network design: An improved Benders-decomposition-based heuristic approach
  publication-title: Eur. J. Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2022.03.014
– volume: 9
  start-page: 14
  issue: 3
  year: 1969
  end-page: 29
  ident: CR22
  article-title: Minimization of unsmooth functionals
  publication-title: USSR Comput. Math. Math. Phys.
  doi: 10.1016/0041-5553(69)90061-5
– volume: 52
  start-page: 629
  issue: 3
  year: 2012
  end-page: 644
  ident: CR31
  article-title: An exact method with variable fixing for solving the generalized assignment problem
  publication-title: Comput. Optim. Appl.
  doi: 10.1007/s10589-011-9432-0
– volume: 2
  start-page: 1
  issue: 6
  year: 2017
  end-page: 6
  ident: CR17
  article-title: Start-up costs of thermal power plants in markets with increasing shares of variable renewable generation
  publication-title: Nat. Energy
  doi: 10.1038/nenergy.2017.50
– volume: 78
  start-page: 28
  year: 2019
  end-page: 36
  ident: CR38
  article-title: Job shop scheduling with consideration of floating breaking times under uncertainty
  publication-title: Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell.
  doi: 10.1016/j.engappai.2018.10.007
– year: 2022
  ident: CR40
  article-title: Multi-objective optimization for cost-efficient and resilient machining under tool wear
  publication-title: J. Adv. Manuf. Process.
  doi: 10.1002/amp2.10140
– volume: 299
  start-page: 1
  issue: 1
  year: 2022
  end-page: 20
  ident: CR20
  article-title: Optimization in multimodal freight transportation problems: A survey
  publication-title: Eur. J. Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2021.07.031
– ident: CR32
– volume: 152
  start-page: 102371
  year: 2021
  ident: CR8
  article-title: A robust integrated logistics model for age-based multi-group platelets in disaster relief operations
  publication-title: Transp. Res. Part E Logist. Transp. Rev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.tre.2021.102371
– volume: 138
  start-page: 105616
  year: 2022
  ident: CR12
  article-title: Metaheuristics with restart and learning mechanisms for the no-idle flowshop scheduling problem with makespan criterion
  publication-title: Comput. Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/j.cor.2021.105616
– volume: 18
  start-page: 1191
  issue: 3
  year: 2020
  end-page: 1205
  ident: CR30
  article-title: Distributed and asynchronous coordination of a mixed-integer linear system via surrogate Lagrangian relaxation
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Sci. Eng.
  doi: 10.1109/TASE.2020.2998048
– volume: 32
  start-page: 781
  issue: 2
  year: 2021
  end-page: 797
  ident: CR9
  article-title: Mathematical modeling and a hybrid evolutionary algorithm for process planning
  publication-title: J. Intell. Manuf.
  doi: 10.1007/s10845-020-01703-w
– volume: 164
  start-page: 173
  issue: 1
  year: 2015
  end-page: 201
  ident: CR26
  article-title: Convergence of the surrogate Lagrangian relaxation method
  publication-title: J. Optim. Theory Appl.
  doi: 10.1007/s10957-014-0561-3
– volume: 59
  start-page: 309
  issue: 2
  year: 2021
  end-page: 332
  ident: CR4
  article-title: A new model for operating room scheduling with elective patient strategy
  publication-title: INFOR Inf. Syst. Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1080/03155986.2021.1881359
– volume: 36
  start-page: 292
  issue: 1
  year: 2020
  end-page: 302
  ident: CR18
  article-title: A high performance computing based market economics driven neighborhood search and polishing algorithm for security constrained unit commitment
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Power Syst.
  doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2020.3005407
– volume: 537
  start-page: 320
  year: 2016
  ident: 26264_CR1
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature19946
– volume: 16
  start-page: 531
  issue: 2
  year: 2019
  ident: 26264_CR28
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Sci. Eng.
  doi: 10.1109/TASE.2018.2835298
– volume: 134
  start-page: 101764
  year: 2020
  ident: 26264_CR6
  publication-title: Transp. Res. Part E Logist. Transp. Rev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.tre.2019.08.005
– volume: 33
  start-page: 6218
  issue: 46
  year: 2015
  ident: 26264_CR5
  publication-title: Vaccine
  doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.09.088
– volume-title: Stochastic Optimization: Algorithms and Applications
  year: 2001
  ident: 26264_CR27
– volume: 152
  start-page: 102371
  year: 2021
  ident: 26264_CR8
  publication-title: Transp. Res. Part E Logist. Transp. Rev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.tre.2021.102371
– volume: 9
  start-page: 1
  issue: 1
  year: 1993
  ident: 26264_CR29
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Robot. Autom.
  doi: 10.1109/70.210791
– volume: 207
  start-page: 644
  issue: 2
  year: 2010
  ident: 26264_CR13
  publication-title: Eur. J. Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2010.06.002
– volume: 13
  start-page: 1448
  issue: 3
  year: 2013
  ident: 26264_CR36
  publication-title: Appl. Soft Comput.
  doi: 10.1016/j.asoc.2012.02.024
– volume: 69
  start-page: 1468
  issue: 5
  year: 2021
  ident: 26264_CR7
  publication-title: Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1287/opre.2020.2093
– volume: 215
  start-page: 383
  issue: 2
  year: 2011
  ident: 26264_CR14
  publication-title: Eur. J. Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2011.06.021
– volume: 2
  start-page: 1
  issue: 6
  year: 2017
  ident: 26264_CR17
  publication-title: Nat. Energy
  doi: 10.1038/nenergy.2017.50
– volume: 85
  start-page: 207
  year: 1999
  ident: 26264_CR24
  publication-title: Math. Program.
  doi: 10.1007/s101070050053
– volume: 47
  start-page: 9659
  year: 2022
  ident: 26264_CR39
  publication-title: Arab. J. Sci. Eng.
  doi: 10.1007/s13369-021-06317-9
– volume: 12
  start-page: 109
  issue: 1
  year: 2001
  ident: 26264_CR25
  publication-title: SIAM J. Optim.
  doi: 10.1137/S1052623499362111
– year: 2022
  ident: 26264_CR40
  publication-title: J. Adv. Manuf. Process.
  doi: 10.1002/amp2.10140
– volume: 59
  start-page: 309
  issue: 2
  year: 2021
  ident: 26264_CR4
  publication-title: INFOR Inf. Syst. Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1080/03155986.2021.1881359
– volume: 32
  start-page: 781
  issue: 2
  year: 2021
  ident: 26264_CR9
  publication-title: J. Intell. Manuf.
  doi: 10.1007/s10845-020-01703-w
– volume: 100
  start-page: 699
  issue: 3
  year: 1999
  ident: 26264_CR23
  publication-title: J. Optim. Theory Appl.
  doi: 10.1023/A:1022646725208
– volume: 14
  start-page: 2968
  issue: 15
  year: 2020
  ident: 26264_CR19
  publication-title: IET Gener. Transm. Distrib.
  doi: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2018.6314
– volume: 18
  start-page: 1191
  issue: 3
  year: 2020
  ident: 26264_CR30
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Autom. Sci. Eng.
  doi: 10.1109/TASE.2020.2998048
– year: 2022
  ident: 26264_CR41
  publication-title: J. Adv. Manuf. Process.
  doi: 10.1002/amp2.10141
– volume: 151
  start-page: 107346
  year: 2021
  ident: 26264_CR16
  publication-title: Comput. Chem. Eng.
  doi: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2021.107346
– ident: 26264_CR42
– volume: 118
  start-page: 190
  year: 2018
  ident: 26264_CR15
  publication-title: Transp. Res. Part E Logist. Transp. Rev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.tre.2018.06.005
– volume: 11
  start-page: 4991
  issue: 8
  year: 2011
  ident: 26264_CR35
  publication-title: Appl. Soft Comput.
  doi: 10.1016/j.asoc.2011.06.001
– volume: 78
  start-page: 28
  year: 2019
  ident: 26264_CR38
  publication-title: Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell.
  doi: 10.1016/j.engappai.2018.10.007
– year: 2022
  ident: 26264_CR11
  publication-title: Comput. Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/j.cor.2022.105862
– volume: 17
  start-page: 261
  issue: 3
  year: 2019
  ident: 26264_CR33
  publication-title: 4OR Q. J. Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1007/s10288-018-0389-z
– ident: 26264_CR32
– volume: 1
  start-page: 79
  year: 2021
  ident: 26264_CR2
  publication-title: Nat. Comput. Sci.
  doi: 10.1038/s43588-020-00009-4
– volume: 52
  start-page: 629
  issue: 3
  year: 2012
  ident: 26264_CR31
  publication-title: Comput. Optim. Appl.
  doi: 10.1007/s10589-011-9432-0
– volume: 20
  start-page: 2383
  issue: 6
  year: 2016
  ident: 26264_CR37
  publication-title: Soft Comput.
  doi: 10.1007/s00500-015-1647-z
– volume: 129
  start-page: 417
  year: 2019
  ident: 26264_CR10
  publication-title: Comput. Ind. Eng.
  doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2019.02.002
– volume: 36
  start-page: 292
  issue: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: 26264_CR18
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Power Syst.
  doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2020.3005407
– volume: 299
  start-page: 1
  issue: 1
  year: 2022
  ident: 26264_CR20
  publication-title: Eur. J. Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2021.07.031
– volume: 76
  start-page: 147
  issue: 2
  year: 2002
  ident: 26264_CR34
  publication-title: Int. J. Prod. Econ.
  doi: 10.1016/S0925-5273(01)00140-2
– volume: 138
  start-page: 105616
  year: 2022
  ident: 26264_CR12
  publication-title: Comput. Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/j.cor.2021.105616
– year: 2022
  ident: 26264_CR21
  publication-title: Eur. J. Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2022.03.014
– volume: 9
  start-page: 14
  issue: 3
  year: 1969
  ident: 26264_CR22
  publication-title: USSR Comput. Math. Math. Phys.
  doi: 10.1016/0041-5553(69)90061-5
– volume: 21
  start-page: 376
  issue: 3
  year: 2018
  ident: 26264_CR3
  publication-title: Health Care Manag. Sci.
  doi: 10.1007/s10729-016-9390-2
– volume: 164
  start-page: 173
  issue: 1
  year: 2015
  ident: 26264_CR26
  publication-title: J. Optim. Theory Appl.
  doi: 10.1007/s10957-014-0561-3
– reference: 36859563 - Sci Rep. 2023 Mar 1;13(1):3474. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-30358-9
SSID ssj0000529419
Score 2.446901
Snippet Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) plays an important role across a range of scientific disciplines and within areas of strategic importance to society....
Abstract Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) plays an important role across a range of scientific disciplines and within areas of strategic importance to...
SourceID doaj
pubmedcentral
proquest
pubmed
crossref
springer
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Index Database
Enrichment Source
Publisher
StartPage 22417
SubjectTerms 639/166
639/705
692/700
Computer applications
Decomposition
Humanities and Social Sciences
Integer programming
Linear programming
multidisciplinary
Programming, Linear
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: Biological Science Database
  dbid: M7P
  link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1Lb9QwELaggMSF8ia0ICNxA6uJHTf2qWoRFYeqqsRDvVmJH8tKNCnZXVRu_SHw5_pLmHG8qZZHL1xj78aTmfHMeMbfEPJSiVoiaAHzhbcMLLRgTeM005IHqSxIiR6aTVSHh-r4WB-lA7dZKqtc7olxo3adxTPyLV6hqSxgy905_cqwaxRmV1MLjevkBr5QxNK9o_GMBbNYZaHTXZlcqK0Z2Cu8UwYRGAdXvmTFij2KsP1_8zX_LJn8LW8azdH--v8ScpfcSY4o3R0k5x655tv75NbQmvL7A_Lp_aLvOzxjoxfnPw6wtIjtgcVzF-c_6UE9ARM3AcmiWEx3FrlLwf2lJ9Mz71jEoPA9RRe27mmqATsBQh6Sj_tvP7x5x1IPBmbBl5szvw3WzNUuaGW9lIGDP9X4AEE1D9w3ZRVqKRH1zztp8zp3tgwSGG29slXjGvGIrLVd658Qym0IyntZNrkHkwj_GLYh-Gu0tryByCUjxZITxiaAcuyT8cXERLlQZuCeAe6ZyD1TZOTV-JvTAZ7jytl7yOBxJkJrxwddPzFJU00VMMgTdVk4BVQpHRCSPgSbO1cEDsvcXPLVJH2fmUumZuTFOAyaiumXuvXdIs7R8S4yz8jjQZrGlQjMf8FQRqoVOVtZ6upIO_0c0cA17KhKAG2vlxJ5uax_f4qnV1OxQW5zVJIC725tkrV5v_DPyE37bT6d9c-jlv0C8x0wug
  priority: 102
  providerName: ProQuest
Title Surrogate “Level-Based” Lagrangian Relaxation for mixed-integer linear programming
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41598-022-26264-1
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36575204
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2758461130
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2759002042
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC9794831
https://doaj.org/article/7f86263a41d84ed89f4610ffc0dd1f26
Volume 12
WOSCitedRecordID wos000934071700018&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVAON
  databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2045-2322
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000529419
  issn: 2045-2322
  databaseCode: DOA
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– providerCode: PRVHPJ
  databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2045-2322
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000529419
  issn: 2045-2322
  databaseCode: M~E
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org
  providerName: ISSN International Centre
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Biological Science Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2045-2322
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000529419
  issn: 2045-2322
  databaseCode: M7P
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/biologicalscijournals
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Health & Medical Collection
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2045-2322
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000529419
  issn: 2045-2322
  databaseCode: 7X7
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/healthcomplete
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Central
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2045-2322
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000529419
  issn: 2045-2322
  databaseCode: BENPR
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Publicly Available Content Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2045-2322
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000529419
  issn: 2045-2322
  databaseCode: PIMPY
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Science Database (ProQuest)
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2045-2322
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000529419
  issn: 2045-2322
  databaseCode: M2P
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/sciencejournals
  providerName: ProQuest
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1Lb9QwEB5BCxIXxJtAWQWJG1hNnLixjyxqBVK7inhpOVmJH-1KNFtld6ty6w-BP9dfwoyTXbo8L1x8WHuj2fF4v8_x-BuAZzKrBIkWMJc6wxChM1bXVjEluBfSYJSorthEMRrJ8ViVl0p9UU5YJw_cOW678MS5sypPrcydlcqTQrj3JrE29TyIbSPrubSZ6lS9ucpT1d-SSTK5PUOkottkuPfi-MCcpWtIFAT7f8cyf02W_OnENADR3i242TPI-GVn-W244po7cL2rKfnlLnx8t2jbKb0ciy_Ov-5TThAbIlTZi_Nv8X51iNh0iCERUxbcWZiWGHlrfDw5c5YF8QjXxsQ9qzbuk7eO0Y578GFv9_2r16wvnsAMkrA5czsIQ7ayXknjhPAciVDt0HmKe-7qvPCVECTX56wwSZVYk3uBM2ScNEVt6-w-bDTTxj2EmBvvpXMirxOHWIZP9Du4a6uVMrzGLUcE6dKR2vTK4lTg4rMOJ9yZ1J3zNTpfB-frNILnq--cdLoafx09pPlZjSRN7PABRoruI0X_K1Ii2FrOru4X6kzzghhYikgewdNVNy4xOjepGjddhDEqXCLmETzogmFlSUYHV9gVQbEWJmumrvc0k6Mg463wr1Bm-NteLAPqh1l_dsWj_-GKx3CD00pI6WrWFmzM24V7AtfM6XwyawdwtRgXoZUD2Bzujsq3g7C8sD3gJbUFtpvlm4Py03cGlCne
linkProvider Directory of Open Access Journals
linkToHtml http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Lb9NAEB6VFAQX3o9AASPBCVaN13a9e0CIAlWjplEkCiqnxd5HiESd4iTQ3vpD4C_wo_pLmFnbqcKjtx64etfWzPqb1-7sDMBjEWUJFS1gNrSaoYWOWJ4byWTCXSI0okRWzSbSfl_s7srBEvxs7sJQWmWjE72iNmNNe-SrPCVTGaLKfbH_hVHXKDpdbVpoVLDYsoffMGSbPO--xv_7hPONNzuvNlndVYBp9E6mzK6hfjaZcVJomySOo4eQW4dhInfc5nHqsiShOnbWJLqTdYyOXYKkayt0mps8wu-eg-UY2RAtWB50twcf5rs6dG4Wh7K-ndOJxOoELSTdYsOYj2PwELNwwQL6RgF_827_TNL87aTWG8CNK__b0l2Fy7WrHbysZOMaLNniOlyomm8e3oD3b2dlOaZdxOD46HuPkqfYOtp0c3z0I-hlQzTiQ5SdgNIFDzx-A3Twg73RgTXMV9mwZUBOelYGdZbbHi7cTXh3JkzdglYxLuwdCLh2TlibxHnHotHHL7o1DG9zKTXPMTZrQ9j8eaXrEuzUCeSz8qkAkVAVWhSiRXm0qLANT-fv7FcFSE6dvU6Ams-k4uH-wbgcqloXqdRRGBtlcWgEciWko6L7zumOMaHjSOZKgyNVa7SJOgFRGx7Nh1EX0QFTVtjxzM-R_rY1b8PtCr1zSiI64cOhNqQLuF4gdXGkGH3y9c4l2gwRIW_PGgk4IevfS3H3dC4ewsXNne2e6nX7W_fgEicBDemm2gq0puXM3ofz-ut0NCkf1DIewMezlo1fohOR6g
linkToPdf http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Jb9NAFH4qZREX9sVQwEhwglHisV3PHBCilIiqURSJRb1N7VlCJBoXJ4H21h8Cf4Sf01_Ce2M7VVh664GrZ2zNjL-3zdsAnog4T6loAbOR1QwldMyKwkgmU-5SoRElsm42kQ0GYmdHDlfgZ5sLQ2GVLU_0jNqUmu7IOzwjURkhy-24JixiuNl7uf-FUQcp8rS27TRqiGzbw29ovk1fbG3iv37Kee_N-9dvWdNhgGnUVGbMriOvNrlxUmibpo6jtlBYhyYjd9wWSebyNKWadtakupt3jU5citvQVuisMEWM3z0H5zMqWu7DBoeL-x3yoCWRbPJ0urHoTFFWUj4bWn8czYiERUuy0LcM-Jue-2e45m8-Wy8Ke1f_50O8BlcaBTx8VVPMdVixkxtwsW7JeXgTPr6bV1VJd4vh8dH3PoVUsQ2U9Ob46EfYz0co2kdIUSEFER54VIeo9od74wNrmK-9YauQVPe8CpvYtz08xFvw4Uw2dRtWJ-XE3oWQa-eEtWlSdC2qAvhFt45GbyGl5gVabAFELQqUbgqzU3-Qz8oHCMRC1chRiBzlkaOiAJ4t3tmvy5KcOnuDwLWYSSXF_YOyGqmGQ6nMkXEb50lkBO5KSEeodk53jYkcx2WutZhSDZ-bqhNABfB4MYwcitxO-cSWcz9H-hxsHsCdGsmLlcTk98OhALIljC8tdXlkMv7kq6BLlCQixr09b6nhZFn_Pop7p-_iEVxCglD9rcH2fbjMiVYjSl9bg9VZNbcP4IL-OhtPq4ee2EPYPWvC-AWPgJkp
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Surrogate+%E2%80%9CLevel-Based%E2%80%9D+Lagrangian+Relaxation+for+mixed-integer+linear+programming&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.au=Mikhail+A.+Bragin&rft.au=Emily+L.+Tucker&rft.date=2022-12-27&rft.pub=Nature+Portfolio&rft.eissn=2045-2322&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.epage=12&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fs41598-022-26264-1&rft.externalDBID=DOA&rft.externalDocID=oai_doaj_org_article_7f86263a41d84ed89f4610ffc0dd1f26
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2045-2322&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2045-2322&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2045-2322&client=summon