Neutralizing antibodies for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) initiates the infection process by binding to the viral cellular receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 through the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in the S1 subunit of the viral spike (S) protein. This event is followed by virus-cell memb...

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Vydané v:	Cellular & molecular immunology Ročník 18; číslo 10; s. 2293 - 2306
Hlavní autori:	Du, Lanying, Yang, Yang, Zhang, Xiujuan
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	China Nature Publishing Group 01.10.2021
Predmet:	ACE2 Angiotensin Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Animals Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized - chemistry Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized - therapeutic use Antibodies, Neutralizing - chemistry Antibodies, Neutralizing - therapeutic use Antibodies, Viral - chemistry Antibodies, Viral - therapeutic use Cell fusion Cell membranes Clinical Trials as Topic Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 Drug Treatment Drug Approval Drug Combinations Humans Membrane fusion Monoclonal antibodies Peptidyl-dipeptidase A Proteins SARS-CoV-2 - chemistry Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - chemistry Therapeutic targets COVID-19 Monoclonal antibodies SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein Neutralization
ISSN:	1672-7681, 2042-0226, 2042-0226
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Abstract	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) initiates the infection process by binding to the viral cellular receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 through the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in the S1 subunit of the viral spike (S) protein. This event is followed by virus-cell membrane fusion mediated by the S2 subunit, which allows virus entry into the host cell. Therefore, the SARS-CoV-2 S protein is a key therapeutic target, and prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have focused on the development of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (nAbs) that target this protein. In this review, we summarize the nAbs targeting SARS-CoV-2 proteins that have been developed to date, with a focus on the N-terminal domain and RBD of the S protein. We also describe the roles that binding affinity, neutralizing activity, and protection provided by these nAbs play in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 and discuss the potential to improve nAb efficiency against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants. This review provides important information for the development of effective nAbs with broad-spectrum activity against current and future SARS-CoV-2 strains.
AbstractList	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) initiates the infection process by binding to the viral cellular receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 through the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in the S1 subunit of the viral spike (S) protein. This event is followed by virus-cell membrane fusion mediated by the S2 subunit, which allows virus entry into the host cell. Therefore, the SARS-CoV-2 S protein is a key therapeutic target, and prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have focused on the development of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (nAbs) that target this protein. In this review, we summarize the nAbs targeting SARS-CoV-2 proteins that have been developed to date, with a focus on the N-terminal domain and RBD of the S protein. We also describe the roles that binding affinity, neutralizing activity, and protection provided by these nAbs play in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 and discuss the potential to improve nAb efficiency against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants. This review provides important information for the development of effective nAbs with broad-spectrum activity against current and future SARS-CoV-2 strains. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) initiates the infection process by binding to the viral cellular receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 through the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in the S1 subunit of the viral spike (S) protein. This event is followed by virus-cell membrane fusion mediated by the S2 subunit, which allows virus entry into the host cell. Therefore, the SARS-CoV-2 S protein is a key therapeutic target, and prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have focused on the development of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (nAbs) that target this protein. In this review, we summarize the nAbs targeting SARS-CoV-2 proteins that have been developed to date, with a focus on the N-terminal domain and RBD of the S protein. We also describe the roles that binding affinity, neutralizing activity, and protection provided by these nAbs play in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 and discuss the potential to improve nAb efficiency against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants. This review provides important information for the development of effective nAbs with broad-spectrum activity against current and future SARS-CoV-2 strains.Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) initiates the infection process by binding to the viral cellular receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 through the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in the S1 subunit of the viral spike (S) protein. This event is followed by virus-cell membrane fusion mediated by the S2 subunit, which allows virus entry into the host cell. Therefore, the SARS-CoV-2 S protein is a key therapeutic target, and prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have focused on the development of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (nAbs) that target this protein. In this review, we summarize the nAbs targeting SARS-CoV-2 proteins that have been developed to date, with a focus on the N-terminal domain and RBD of the S protein. We also describe the roles that binding affinity, neutralizing activity, and protection provided by these nAbs play in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 and discuss the potential to improve nAb efficiency against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants. This review provides important information for the development of effective nAbs with broad-spectrum activity against current and future SARS-CoV-2 strains.
Author	Yang, Yang Zhang, Xiujuan Du, Lanying
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Lanying surname: Du fullname: Du, Lanying email: ldu@nybc.org organization: Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, USA. ldu@nybc.org – sequence: 2 givenname: Yang orcidid: 0000-0001-9061-3828 surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Yang organization: Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Xiujuan surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Xiujuan organization: Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, USA
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SubjectTerms	ACE2 Angiotensin Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Animals Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized - chemistry Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized - therapeutic use Antibodies, Neutralizing - chemistry Antibodies, Neutralizing - therapeutic use Antibodies, Viral - chemistry Antibodies, Viral - therapeutic use Cell fusion Cell membranes Clinical Trials as Topic Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 Drug Treatment Drug Approval Drug Combinations Humans Membrane fusion Monoclonal antibodies Peptidyl-dipeptidase A Proteins SARS-CoV-2 - chemistry Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - chemistry Therapeutic targets
Title	Neutralizing antibodies for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19
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