Neutralizing antibodies for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) initiates the infection process by binding to the viral cellular receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 through the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in the S1 subunit of the viral spike (S) protein. This event is followed by virus-cell memb...

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Vydáno v:Cellular & molecular immunology Ročník 18; číslo 10; s. 2293 - 2306
Hlavní autoři: Du, Lanying, Yang, Yang, Zhang, Xiujuan
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: China Nature Publishing Group 01.10.2021
Témata:
ACE2
Angiotensin
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
Animals
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized - chemistry
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized - therapeutic use
Antibodies, Neutralizing - chemistry
Antibodies, Neutralizing - therapeutic use
Antibodies, Viral - chemistry
Antibodies, Viral - therapeutic use
Cell fusion
Cell membranes
Clinical Trials as Topic
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 Drug Treatment
Drug Approval
Drug Combinations
Humans
Membrane fusion
Monoclonal antibodies
Peptidyl-dipeptidase A
Proteins
SARS-CoV-2 - chemistry
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - chemistry
Therapeutic targets
COVID-19
Monoclonal antibodies
SARS-CoV-2
Spike protein
Neutralization
ISSN:1672-7681, 2042-0226, 2042-0226
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Shrnutí:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) initiates the infection process by binding to the viral cellular receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 through the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in the S1 subunit of the viral spike (S) protein. This event is followed by virus-cell membrane fusion mediated by the S2 subunit, which allows virus entry into the host cell. Therefore, the SARS-CoV-2 S protein is a key therapeutic target, and prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have focused on the development of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (nAbs) that target this protein. In this review, we summarize the nAbs targeting SARS-CoV-2 proteins that have been developed to date, with a focus on the N-terminal domain and RBD of the S protein. We also describe the roles that binding affinity, neutralizing activity, and protection provided by these nAbs play in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 and discuss the potential to improve nAb efficiency against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants. This review provides important information for the development of effective nAbs with broad-spectrum activity against current and future SARS-CoV-2 strains.
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ISSN:1672-7681
2042-0226
2042-0226
DOI:10.1038/s41423-021-00752-2