Interferon-α2 Auto-antibodies in Convalescent Plasma Therapy for COVID-19

Purpose To study the effect of interferon-α2 auto-antibodies (IFN-α2 Abs) on clinical and virological outcomes in critically ill COVID-19 patients and the risk of IFN-α2 Abs transfer during convalescent plasma treatment. Methods Sera from healthy controls, cases of COVID-19, and other respiratory il...

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Published in:Journal of clinical immunology Vol. 42; no. 2; pp. 232 - 239
Main Authors: Raadsen, Matthijs P., Gharbharan, Arvind, Jordans, Carlijn C. E., Mykytyn, Anna Z., Lamers, Mart M., van den Doel, Petra B., Endeman, Henrik, van den Akker, Johannes P. C., GeurtsvanKessel, Corine H., Koopmans, Marion P. G., Rokx, Casper, Goeijenbier, Marco, van Gorp, Eric C. M., Rijnders, Bart J. A., Haagmans, Bart L.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York Springer US 01.02.2022
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Antibodies, Neutralizing - immunology
Antibodies, Viral - immunology
Antiviral Agents - immunology
Autoantibodies
Autoantibodies - immunology
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Blood Component Transfusion - methods
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 - immunology
COVID-19 - therapy
COVID-19 Serotherapy
Critical Illness
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Female
Humans
Immunization, Passive - methods
Immunoglobulin G - immunology
Immunology
Infectious Diseases
Interferon
Interferon alpha-2 - immunology
Internal Medicine
Male
Medical Microbiology
Middle Aged
Original
Original Article
Patients
Plasma
Plasma - immunology
Respiratory diseases
Respiratory tract
SARS-CoV-2 - immunology
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Convalescent plasma
Auto-antibodies
Interferon alpha
ISSN:0271-9142, 1573-2592, 1573-2592
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Purpose To study the effect of interferon-α2 auto-antibodies (IFN-α2 Abs) on clinical and virological outcomes in critically ill COVID-19 patients and the risk of IFN-α2 Abs transfer during convalescent plasma treatment. Methods Sera from healthy controls, cases of COVID-19, and other respiratory illness were tested for IFN-α2 Abs by ELISA and a pseudo virus–based neutralization assay. The effects of disease severity, sex, and age on the risk of having neutralizing IFN-α2 Abs were determined. Longitudinal analyses were performed to determine association between IFN-α2 Abs and survival and viral load and whether serum IFN-α2 Abs appeared after convalescent plasma transfusion. Results IFN-α2 neutralizing sera were found only in COVID-19 patients, with proportions increasing with disease severity and age. In the acute stage of COVID-19, all sera from patients with ELISA-detected IFN-α2 Abs (13/164, 7.9%) neutralized levels of IFN-α2 exceeding physiological concentrations found in human plasma and this was associated with delayed viral clearance. Convalescent plasma donors that were anti-IFN-α2 ELISA positive (3/118, 2.5%) did not neutralize the same levels of IFN-α2. Neutralizing serum IFN-α2 Abs were associated with delayed viral clearance from the respiratory tract. Conclusions IFN-α2 Abs were detected by ELISA and neutralization assay in COVID-19 patients, but not in ICU patients with other respiratory illnesses. The presence of neutralizing IFN-α2 Abs in critically ill COVID-19 is associated with delayed viral clearance. IFN-α2 Abs in COVID-19 convalescent plasma donors were not neutralizing in the conditions tested.
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ISSN:0271-9142
1573-2592
1573-2592
DOI:10.1007/s10875-021-01168-3