Excessive exercise training causes mitochondrial functional impairment and decreases glucose tolerance in healthy volunteers
Exercise training positively affects metabolic health through increased mitochondrial oxidative capacity and improved glucose regulation and is the first line of treatment in several metabolic diseases. However, the upper limit of the amount of exercise associated with beneficial therapeutic effects...
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| Published in: | Cell metabolism Vol. 33; no. 5; p. 957 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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United States
04.05.2021
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| ISSN: | 1932-7420, 1932-7420 |
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| Abstract | Exercise training positively affects metabolic health through increased mitochondrial oxidative capacity and improved glucose regulation and is the first line of treatment in several metabolic diseases. However, the upper limit of the amount of exercise associated with beneficial therapeutic effects has not been clearly identified. Here, we used a training model with a progressively increasing exercise load during an intervention over 4 weeks. We closely followed changes in glucose tolerance, mitochondrial function and dynamics, physical exercise capacity, and whole-body metabolism. Following the week with the highest exercise load, we found a striking reduction in intrinsic mitochondrial function that coincided with a disturbance in glucose tolerance and insulin secretion. We also assessed continuous blood glucose profiles in world-class endurance athletes and found that they had impaired glucose control compared with a matched control group. |
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| AbstractList | Exercise training positively affects metabolic health through increased mitochondrial oxidative capacity and improved glucose regulation and is the first line of treatment in several metabolic diseases. However, the upper limit of the amount of exercise associated with beneficial therapeutic effects has not been clearly identified. Here, we used a training model with a progressively increasing exercise load during an intervention over 4 weeks. We closely followed changes in glucose tolerance, mitochondrial function and dynamics, physical exercise capacity, and whole-body metabolism. Following the week with the highest exercise load, we found a striking reduction in intrinsic mitochondrial function that coincided with a disturbance in glucose tolerance and insulin secretion. We also assessed continuous blood glucose profiles in world-class endurance athletes and found that they had impaired glucose control compared with a matched control group.Exercise training positively affects metabolic health through increased mitochondrial oxidative capacity and improved glucose regulation and is the first line of treatment in several metabolic diseases. However, the upper limit of the amount of exercise associated with beneficial therapeutic effects has not been clearly identified. Here, we used a training model with a progressively increasing exercise load during an intervention over 4 weeks. We closely followed changes in glucose tolerance, mitochondrial function and dynamics, physical exercise capacity, and whole-body metabolism. Following the week with the highest exercise load, we found a striking reduction in intrinsic mitochondrial function that coincided with a disturbance in glucose tolerance and insulin secretion. We also assessed continuous blood glucose profiles in world-class endurance athletes and found that they had impaired glucose control compared with a matched control group. Exercise training positively affects metabolic health through increased mitochondrial oxidative capacity and improved glucose regulation and is the first line of treatment in several metabolic diseases. However, the upper limit of the amount of exercise associated with beneficial therapeutic effects has not been clearly identified. Here, we used a training model with a progressively increasing exercise load during an intervention over 4 weeks. We closely followed changes in glucose tolerance, mitochondrial function and dynamics, physical exercise capacity, and whole-body metabolism. Following the week with the highest exercise load, we found a striking reduction in intrinsic mitochondrial function that coincided with a disturbance in glucose tolerance and insulin secretion. We also assessed continuous blood glucose profiles in world-class endurance athletes and found that they had impaired glucose control compared with a matched control group. |
| Author | Ekblom, Björn Tais, Senna Flockhart, Mikael Apró, William Larsen, Filip J Nilsson, Lina C |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Mikael surname: Flockhart fullname: Flockhart, Mikael email: mikael.flockhart@gih.se organization: The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Stockholm 114 33, Sweden. Electronic address: mikael.flockhart@gih.se – sequence: 2 givenname: Lina C surname: Nilsson fullname: Nilsson, Lina C organization: The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Stockholm 114 33, Sweden – sequence: 3 givenname: Senna surname: Tais fullname: Tais, Senna organization: The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Stockholm 114 33, Sweden – sequence: 4 givenname: Björn surname: Ekblom fullname: Ekblom, Björn organization: The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Stockholm 114 33, Sweden – sequence: 5 givenname: William surname: Apró fullname: Apró, William organization: The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Stockholm 114 33, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden – sequence: 6 givenname: Filip J surname: Larsen fullname: Larsen, Filip J email: filip.larsen@gih.se organization: The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Stockholm 114 33, Sweden. Electronic address: filip.larsen@gih.se |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33740420$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Keywords | high-intensity interval training mitochondria metabolic dysfunction exercise adaptations exercise athletes mitochondrial dysfunction continuous glucose monitoring glucose tolerance insulin resistance mitochondrial dynamics |
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| Title | Excessive exercise training causes mitochondrial functional impairment and decreases glucose tolerance in healthy volunteers |
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