Cryo-EM structures of the human volume-regulated anion channel LRRC8

Maintenance of cell volume against osmotic change is crucial for proper cell functions. Leucine-rich repeat-containing 8 proteins are anion-selective channels that extrude anions to decrease the cell volume on cellular swelling. Here, we present the structure of human leucine-rich repeat-containing...

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Published in:Nature structural & molecular biology Vol. 25; no. 9; pp. 797 - 804
Main Authors: Kasuya, Go, Nakane, Takanori, Yokoyama, Takeshi, Jia, Yanyan, Inoue, Masato, Watanabe, Kengo, Nakamura, Ryoki, Nishizawa, Tomohiro, Kusakizako, Tsukasa, Tsutsumi, Akihisa, Yanagisawa, Haruaki, Dohmae, Naoshi, Hattori, Motoyuki, Ichijo, Hidenori, Yan, Zhiqiang, Kikkawa, Masahide, Shirouzu, Mikako, Ishitani, Ryuichiro, Nureki, Osamu
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Nature Publishing Group 01.09.2018
Subjects:
Anions
Cell size
Cellular structure
Electron microscopy
Ion channels
Ions
Leucine
Permeability
Proteins
Rigid-body dynamics
Topology
ISSN:1545-9993, 1545-9985, 1545-9985
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Maintenance of cell volume against osmotic change is crucial for proper cell functions. Leucine-rich repeat-containing 8 proteins are anion-selective channels that extrude anions to decrease the cell volume on cellular swelling. Here, we present the structure of human leucine-rich repeat-containing 8A, determined by single-particle cryo-electron microscopy. The structure shows a hexameric assembly, and the transmembrane region features a topology similar to gap junction channels. The LRR region, with 15 leucine-rich repeats, forms a long, twisted arc. The channel pore is located along the central axis and constricted on the extracellular side, where highly conserved polar and charged residues at the tip of the extracellular helix contribute to permeability to anions and other osmolytes. Two structural populations were identified, corresponding to compact and relaxed conformations. Comparing the two conformations suggests that the LRR region is flexible and mobile, with rigid-body motions, which might be implicated in structural transitions on pore opening.
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ISSN:1545-9993
1545-9985
1545-9985
DOI:10.1038/s41594-018-0109-6