Environmental pollutants and the immune response

Environmental pollution is one of the most serious challenges to health in the modern world. Pollutants alter immune responses and can provoke immunotoxicity. In this Review, we summarize the major environmental pollutants that are attracting wide-ranging concern and the molecular basis underlying t...

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Vydáno v:	Nature immunology Ročník 21; číslo 12; s. 1486 - 1495
Hlavní autoři:	Suzuki, Takafumi, Hidaka, Takanori, Kumagai, Yoshito, Yamamoto, Masayuki
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	New York Nature Publishing Group US 01.12.2020 Nature Publishing Group
Témata:	631/250/2502/248 692/420/256/2515 Animals Antioxidants Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Detoxification Disease Management Disease Susceptibility Environmental aspects Environmental Exposure - adverse effects Environmental health Environmental impact Environmental Pollutants - adverse effects Environmental Pollutants - chemistry Environmental Pollutants - immunology Environmental Pollution - adverse effects Genetic Predisposition to Disease Health aspects Humans Hypersensitivity - etiology Hypersensitivity - metabolism Hypersensitivity - prevention & control Hypersensitivity - therapy Immune response Immune system Immune System - immunology Immune System - metabolism Immunity Immunization Immunology Immunotoxicity Inactivation, Metabolic Infectious Diseases Inflammation Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1 - metabolism Medical research Medicine, Experimental Metals - adverse effects Metals - chemistry Metals - immunology Myeloid Cells - immunology Myeloid Cells - metabolism NF-E2-Related Factor 2 - genetics NF-E2-Related Factor 2 - metabolism Organ Specificity - immunology Particulate Matter - adverse effects Particulate Matter - chemistry Particulate Matter - immunology Pollutants Pollution Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - adverse effects Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - chemistry Polymorphism, Genetic Review Article T-Lymphocytes - immunology T-Lymphocytes - metabolism Transcription activation Japan
ISSN:	1529-2908, 1529-2916, 1529-2916
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Shrnutí:	Environmental pollution is one of the most serious challenges to health in the modern world. Pollutants alter immune responses and can provoke immunotoxicity. In this Review, we summarize the major environmental pollutants that are attracting wide-ranging concern and the molecular basis underlying their effects on the immune system. Xenobiotic receptors, including the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), sense and respond to a subset of environmental pollutants by activating the expression of detoxification enzymes to protect the body. However, chronic activation of the AHR leads to immunotoxicity. KEAP1–NRF2 is another important system that protects the body against environmental pollutants. KEAP1 is a sensor protein that detects environmental pollutants, leading to activation of the transcription factor NRF2. NRF2 protects the body from immunotoxicity by inducing the expression of genes involved in detoxification, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Intervening in these sensor–response systems could protect the body from the devastating immunotoxicity that can be induced by environmental pollutants. Exposure to environmental pollutants can lead to immune system dysfunction with severe pathological consequences. Yamamoto and colleagues review the impact of pollutants on immune function and describe potential means to ameliorate these effects.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23
ISSN:	1529-2908 1529-2916 1529-2916
DOI:	10.1038/s41590-020-0802-6