Pulmonary Disease Caused by Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) include more than 160 ubiquitous, environmental, acid-fast-staining bacterial species, some of which may cause disease in humans. Chronic pulmonary infection is the most common clinical manifestation. Although patients suffering from chronic lung diseases are parti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Respiration Vol. 91; no. 5; pp. 386 - 402
Main Authors: Wassilew, Nasstasja, Hoffmann, Harald, Andrejak, Claire, Lange, Christoph
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Basel, Switzerland S. Karger AG 01.01.2016
Karger
Subjects:
Causes of
Complications and side effects
Cystic fibrosis
Demographics
Epidemiology
Europe - epidemiology
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Immune system
Infections
Life Sciences
Lung - diagnostic imaging
Lung diseases
Mycobacterium avium Complex
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection - diagnosis
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection - drug therapy
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection - epidemiology
Mycobacterium infections
Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous - diagnosis
Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous - drug therapy
Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous - epidemiology
Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous - microbiology
Mycobacterium kansasii
Mycobacterium xenopi
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria
Pathogens
Population
Review
Risk factors
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - diagnosis
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - drug therapy
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - epidemiology
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - microbiology
Germany
Northern Europe
United Kingdom > UK
United States > US
Europe
Non-tuberculous mycobacteria
Mycobacterium
Mycobacterium avium/intracellulare complex
Pulmonary disease
Europe
ISSN:0025-7931, 1423-0356, 1423-0356
Online Access:Get full text
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Description
Summary:Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) include more than 160 ubiquitous, environmental, acid-fast-staining bacterial species, some of which may cause disease in humans. Chronic pulmonary infection is the most common clinical manifestation. Although patients suffering from chronic lung diseases are particularly susceptible to NTM pulmonary disease, many affected patients have no apparent risk factors. Host and pathogen factors leading to NTM pulmonary disease are not well understood and preventive therapies are lacking. NTM isolation and pulmonary disease are reported to rise in frequency in Europe as well as in other parts of the world. Differentiation between contamination, infection, and disease remains challenging. Treatment of NTM pulmonary disease is arduous, lengthy, and costly. Correlations between results of in vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing and clinical treatment outcomes are only evident for the Mycobacterium avium complex, M. kansasii, and some rapidly growing mycobacteria. We describe the epidemiology of NTM pulmonary disease as well as emerging NTM pathogens and their geographical distribution in non-cystic fibrosis patients in Europe. We also review recent innovations for the diagnosis of NTM pulmonary disease, summarize treatment recommendations, and identify future research priorities to improve the management of patients affected by NTM pulmonary disease.
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ISSN:0025-7931
1423-0356
1423-0356
DOI:10.1159/000445906