Fracture risk in Korean postmenopausal women: The influence of BMI, age, and bone density

Fracture risk in postmenopausal women is influenced by bone mineral density (BMD), age, and body mass index (BMI). However, fracture prevention strategies primarily focus on low BMD, often overlooking other key factors. This retrospective cohort study analyzed 18,151 Korean postmenopausal women aged...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol. 11; no. 2; pp. 65 - 68
Main Authors: Shin, Junghwa, Kim, Kwang Yoon, Park, Joo-hyun, Lee, Sangmi, Noh, O Kyu, Choi, Yong Jun, Chung, Yoon-Sok, Kim, Bom-Taeck
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.06.2025
Korean Society of Osteoporosis
Elsevier
대한골다공증학회
Subjects:
ISSN:2405-5255, 2405-5263, 2405-5263
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Abstract Fracture risk in postmenopausal women is influenced by bone mineral density (BMD), age, and body mass index (BMI). However, fracture prevention strategies primarily focus on low BMD, often overlooking other key factors. This retrospective cohort study analyzed 18,151 Korean postmenopausal women aged 50 or older who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at Ajou University Hospital from years of 2006–2014. Fracture risk was assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models, adjusted for BMI, BMD, and age. The median age of the cohort was 59.1 years, and the overall fracture incidence was 2.3 per 1,000 person-years. Fracture risk significantly increased with age, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.36 (95% CI: 1.08–1.70) for women aged 60–69 and 2.10% (95% CI: 1.62–2.73) for those aged 70 or older, compared to the reference group (50–59 years). Underweight women exhibited the highest fracture cumulative incidence (3.3%), though their risk increase was not statistically significant. Overweight and obese women demonstrated higher BMD but did not show significant fracture risk reductions. These findings highlight age as a dominant predictor of fracture risk, while BMI plays a complex, less pronounced role. The discrepancy between osteoporosis prevalence and actual fracture risk, particularly in obese elderly women, suggests limitations in BMD-focused assessments. Simple, measurable parameters like age and BMI should complement BMD in fracture risk evaluation to better target high-risk populations and enhance preventive strategies in clinical practice.
AbstractList Objectives: Fracture risk in postmenopausal women is influenced by bone mineral density (BMD), age, and body mass index (BMI). However, fracture prevention strategies primarily focus on low BMD, often overlooking other key factors. Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 18,151 Korean postmenopausal women aged 50 or older who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at Ajou University Hospital from years of 2006–2014. Fracture risk was assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models, adjusted for BMI, BMD, and age. Results: The median age of the cohort was 59.1 years, and the overall fracture incidence was 2.3 per 1,000 person-years. Fracture risk significantly increased with age, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.36 (95% CI: 1.08–1.70) for women aged 60–69 and 2.10% (95% CI: 1.62–2.73) for those aged 70 or older, compared to the reference group (50–59 years). Underweight women exhibited the highest fracture cumulative incidence (3.3%), though their risk increase was not statistically significant. Overweight and obese women demonstrated higher BMD but did not show significant fracture risk reductions. Conclusions: These findings highlight age as a dominant predictor of fracture risk, while BMI plays a complex, less pronounced role. The discrepancy between osteoporosis prevalence and actual fracture risk, particularly in obese elderly women, suggests limitations in BMD-focused assessments. Simple, measurable parameters like age and BMI should complement BMD in fracture risk evaluation to better target high-risk populations and enhance preventive strategies in clinical practice.
Fracture risk in postmenopausal women is influenced by bone mineral density (BMD), age, and body mass index (BMI). However, fracture prevention strategies primarily focus on low BMD, often overlooking other key factors. This retrospective cohort study analyzed 18,151 Korean postmenopausal women aged 50 or older who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at Ajou University Hospital from years of 2006–2014. Fracture risk was assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models, adjusted for BMI, BMD, and age. The median age of the cohort was 59.1 years, and the overall fracture incidence was 2.3 per 1,000 person-years. Fracture risk significantly increased with age, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.36 (95% CI: 1.08–1.70) for women aged 60–69 and 2.10% (95% CI: 1.62–2.73) for those aged 70 or older, compared to the reference group (50–59 years). Underweight women exhibited the highest fracture cumulative incidence (3.3%), though their risk increase was not statistically significant. Overweight and obese women demonstrated higher BMD but did not show significant fracture risk reductions. These findings highlight age as a dominant predictor of fracture risk, while BMI plays a complex, less pronounced role. The discrepancy between osteoporosis prevalence and actual fracture risk, particularly in obese elderly women, suggests limitations in BMD-focused assessments. Simple, measurable parameters like age and BMI should complement BMD in fracture risk evaluation to better target high-risk populations and enhance preventive strategies in clinical practice.
Fracture risk in postmenopausal women is influenced by bone mineral density (BMD), age, and body mass index (BMI). However, fracture prevention strategies primarily focus on low BMD, often overlooking other key factors.ObjectivesFracture risk in postmenopausal women is influenced by bone mineral density (BMD), age, and body mass index (BMI). However, fracture prevention strategies primarily focus on low BMD, often overlooking other key factors.This retrospective cohort study analyzed 18,151 Korean postmenopausal women aged 50 or older who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at Ajou University Hospital from years of 2006-2014. Fracture risk was assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models, adjusted for BMI, BMD, and age.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study analyzed 18,151 Korean postmenopausal women aged 50 or older who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at Ajou University Hospital from years of 2006-2014. Fracture risk was assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models, adjusted for BMI, BMD, and age.The median age of the cohort was 59.1 years, and the overall fracture incidence was 2.3 per 1,000 person-years. Fracture risk significantly increased with age, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.36 (95% CI: 1.08-1.70) for women aged 60-69 and 2.10% (95% CI: 1.62-2.73) for those aged 70 or older, compared to the reference group (50-59 years). Underweight women exhibited the highest fracture cumulative incidence (3.3%), though their risk increase was not statistically significant. Overweight and obese women demonstrated higher BMD but did not show significant fracture risk reductions.ResultsThe median age of the cohort was 59.1 years, and the overall fracture incidence was 2.3 per 1,000 person-years. Fracture risk significantly increased with age, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.36 (95% CI: 1.08-1.70) for women aged 60-69 and 2.10% (95% CI: 1.62-2.73) for those aged 70 or older, compared to the reference group (50-59 years). Underweight women exhibited the highest fracture cumulative incidence (3.3%), though their risk increase was not statistically significant. Overweight and obese women demonstrated higher BMD but did not show significant fracture risk reductions.These findings highlight age as a dominant predictor of fracture risk, while BMI plays a complex, less pronounced role. The discrepancy between osteoporosis prevalence and actual fracture risk, particularly in obese elderly women, suggests limitations in BMD-focused assessments. Simple, measurable parameters like age and BMI should complement BMD in fracture risk evaluation to better target high-risk populations and enhance preventive strategies in clinical practice.ConclusionsThese findings highlight age as a dominant predictor of fracture risk, while BMI plays a complex, less pronounced role. The discrepancy between osteoporosis prevalence and actual fracture risk, particularly in obese elderly women, suggests limitations in BMD-focused assessments. Simple, measurable parameters like age and BMI should complement BMD in fracture risk evaluation to better target high-risk populations and enhance preventive strategies in clinical practice.
Objectives: Fracture risk in postmenopausal women is influenced by bone mineral density (BMD), age, and body mass index (BMI). However, fracture prevention strategies primarily focus on low BMD, often overlooking other key factors. Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 18,151 Korean postmenopausal women aged 50 or older who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at Ajou University Hospital from years of 2006–2014. Fracture risk was assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models, adjusted for BMI, BMD, and age. Results: The median age of the cohort was 59.1 years, and the overall fracture incidence was 2.3 per 1,000 person-years. Fracture risk significantly increased with age, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.36 (95% CI: 1.08–1.70) for women aged 60–69 and 2.10% (95% CI: 1.62–2.73) for those aged 70 or older, compared to the reference group (50–59 years). Underweight women exhibited the highest fracture cumulative incidence (3.3%), though their risk increase was not statistically significant. Overweight and obese women demonstrated higher BMD but did not show significant fracture risk reductions. Conclusions: These findings highlight age as a dominant predictor of fracture risk, while BMI plays a complex, less pronounced role. The discrepancy between osteoporosis prevalence and actual fracture risk, particularly in obese elderly women, suggests limitations in BMD-focused assessments. Simple, measurable parameters like age and BMI should complement BMD in fracture risk evaluation to better target high-risk populations and enhance preventive strategies in clinical practice. KCI Citation Count: 0
Author Kim, Kwang Yoon
Choi, Yong Jun
Lee, Sangmi
Noh, O Kyu
Park, Joo-hyun
Shin, Junghwa
Chung, Yoon-Sok
Kim, Bom-Taeck
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Junghwa
  orcidid: 0000-0002-4151-8952
  surname: Shin
  fullname: Shin, Junghwa
  organization: Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, South Korea
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Kwang Yoon
  orcidid: 0000-0001-9844-9540
  surname: Kim
  fullname: Kim, Kwang Yoon
  organization: Department of Family Practice and Community Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Joo-hyun
  orcidid: 0000-0002-4358-4208
  surname: Park
  fullname: Park, Joo-hyun
  organization: Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, South Korea
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Sangmi
  orcidid: 0000-0003-4121-2782
  surname: Lee
  fullname: Lee, Sangmi
  organization: Pyeongtaek St. Mary's Hospital, Pyeongtaek, South Korea
– sequence: 5
  givenname: O Kyu
  orcidid: 0000-0001-9066-780X
  surname: Noh
  fullname: Noh, O Kyu
  organization: Department of Radiation Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Yong Jun
  orcidid: 0000-0003-3960-8470
  surname: Choi
  fullname: Choi, Yong Jun
  organization: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Yoon-Sok
  orcidid: 0000-0003-0179-4386
  surname: Chung
  fullname: Chung, Yoon-Sok
  organization: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Bom-Taeck
  orcidid: 0000-0002-0395-0410
  surname: Kim
  fullname: Kim, Bom-Taeck
  email: lovesong@ajou.ac.kr
  organization: Department of Family Practice and Community Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40677783$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART003218391$$DAccess content in National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
BookMark eNqFUstuEzEUHaEi-qA_wALNEqEm-DH2eKpKqFQUIoqQUFiwsmzPdepkYgd7pih_j5OUiHZRNr5-nHPu0fU5Lg588FAUrzAaY4T5u_lY2ZDGBBE2RnSMEH5WHJEKsREjnB7s94wdFqcpOY2qqmaM1PxFcVghXte1oEfFz-uoTD9EKKNLi9L58kuIoHy5Cqlfgg8rNSTVlb9DPpyX01vIGNsN4A2UwZYfvk7OSjWDvPi21Nlj2YJPrl-_LJ5b1SU4va8nxY_rj9Orz6Obb58mV5c3I8Oo6EfCaMAMaS6wtdDWNW0oYU3bAANeaY1MizWvLIiaWW2FpVgY4NYKgZAWLT0p3u50fbRyYZwMym3rLMhFlJffpxOJUU14VeMMnuzAbVBzuYpuqeJ6y9hehDiTKvbOdCAxAwRGmDztujLZCm4EwgiAkapFjc5a73daq0EvoTXg-6i6B6IPX7y7zabuJCaEc8xpVnhzrxDDrwFSL5cuGeg65SEMSVJCMeENR02Gvv632b7L35_MALIDmBhSimD3EIzkJjFyLjeJkZvESERlTkwmiUck43rVu7Ax7LqnqRc7KuS_vXMQZTJuk4rWRTB9nqd7mn7-iG46551R3QLW_yP_AUx37mI
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1097_MD_0000000000044643
Cites_doi 10.1136/bmj.312.7041.1254
10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-207907
10.1371/journal.pone.0244759
10.1093/jbmr/zjae068
10.1007/s11606-018-4696-z
10.1359/JBMR.050504
10.1007/s00198-020-05557-z
10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049157
10.1007/s00198-005-0027-4
10.3346/jkms.2011.26.8.1087
10.1016/S2213-8587(24)00225-0
10.1359/jbmr.090722
10.1186/s12889-023-15940-0
10.1359/jbmr.070320
10.1359/JBMR.050609
10.22540/JFSF-06-086
10.1007/s001980170006
10.1093/qjmed/hch097
10.1007/s00198-017-3996-1
10.3346/jkms.2015.30.4.483
10.7570/jomes.2019.28.1.40
10.3390/jcm10091896
10.1002/jbmr.2017
10.1056/NEJM199503233321202
10.1016/j.jocd.2017.06.024
10.4158/GL-2020-0524
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2025 The Korean Society of Osteoporosis
2025 The Korean Society of Osteoporosis. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.
2025 The Korean Society of Osteoporosis. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. 2025 The Korean Society of Osteoporosis
Copyright_xml – notice: 2025 The Korean Society of Osteoporosis
– notice: 2025 The Korean Society of Osteoporosis. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.
– notice: 2025 The Korean Society of Osteoporosis. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. 2025 The Korean Society of Osteoporosis
DBID 6I.
AAFTH
AAYXX
CITATION
NPM
7X8
5PM
DOA
ACYCR
DOI 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001
DatabaseName ScienceDirect Open Access Titles
Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access
CrossRef
PubMed
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
Korean Citation Index
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
PubMed
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList


MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed

Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: DOA
  name: Directory of Open Access Journals
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 2
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 3
  dbid: 7X8
  name: MEDLINE - Academic
  url: https://search.proquest.com/medline
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Medicine
EISSN 2405-5263
EndPage 68
ExternalDocumentID oai_kci_go_kr_ARTI_10726471
oai_doaj_org_article_15e0ec8c10174c64b198010ee524d09b
PMC12266163
40677783
10_1016_j_afos_2025_03_001
S2405525525000044
Genre Journal Article
GroupedDBID ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
M~E
6I.
AAFTH
AAYXX
CITATION
.1-
.FO
0R~
457
5VS
AAEDW
AALRI
AAXUO
AAYWO
ABMAC
ACGFS
ACVFH
ADBBV
ADCNI
ADEZE
ADVLN
AEUPX
AEXQZ
AFPUW
AFRHN
AFTJW
AGHFR
AIGII
AITUG
AJUYK
AKBMS
AKRWK
AKYEP
AMRAJ
AOIJS
BCNDV
EBS
EJD
FDB
GROUPED_DOAJ
HYE
IPNFZ
KQ8
NPM
O9-
OK1
RIG
ROL
RPM
SSZ
Z5R
7X8
5PM
ACYCR
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c538t-8cbe150b681ffed77393259d9e5e64bb0cd1b64fe875fbf8f318ce6ff8800b8d3
IEDL.DBID DOA
ISICitedReferencesCount 1
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=001522499600006&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 2405-5255
2405-5263
IngestDate Wed Jul 02 03:28:27 EDT 2025
Fri Oct 03 12:39:25 EDT 2025
Tue Nov 04 02:02:28 EST 2025
Fri Jul 18 18:50:02 EDT 2025
Mon Jul 21 01:58:22 EDT 2025
Sat Nov 29 07:53:42 EST 2025
Tue Nov 18 22:38:13 EST 2025
Tue Jul 29 20:18:50 EDT 2025
Tue Aug 26 18:47:44 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 2
Keywords Obesity
Body mass index
Bone mineral density
Osteoporosis prevalence
Fracture rate
Language English
License This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
2025 The Korean Society of Osteoporosis. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c538t-8cbe150b681ffed77393259d9e5e64bb0cd1b64fe875fbf8f318ce6ff8800b8d3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
ORCID 0000-0003-0179-4386
0000-0003-4121-2782
0000-0002-4358-4208
0000-0001-9066-780X
0000-0001-9844-9540
0000-0002-0395-0410
0000-0002-4151-8952
0000-0003-3960-8470
OpenAccessLink https://doaj.org/article/15e0ec8c10174c64b198010ee524d09b
PMID 40677783
PQID 3231269609
PQPubID 23479
PageCount 4
ParticipantIDs nrf_kci_oai_kci_go_kr_ARTI_10726471
doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_15e0ec8c10174c64b198010ee524d09b
pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_12266163
proquest_miscellaneous_3231269609
pubmed_primary_40677783
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_afos_2025_03_001
crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_afos_2025_03_001
elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_afos_2025_03_001
elsevier_clinicalkey_doi_10_1016_j_afos_2025_03_001
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2025-06-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2025-06-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 06
  year: 2025
  text: 2025-06-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace Netherlands
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Netherlands
PublicationTitle Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia
PublicationTitleAlternate Osteoporos Sarcopenia
PublicationYear 2025
Publisher Elsevier B.V
Korean Society of Osteoporosis
Elsevier
대한골다공증학회
Publisher_xml – name: Elsevier B.V
– name: Korean Society of Osteoporosis
– name: Elsevier
– name: 대한골다공증학회
References Cummings, Nevitt, Browner, Stone, Fox, Ensrud (bib4) 1995; 332
Camacho, Petak, Binkley, Diab, Eldeiry, Farooki (bib7) 2020; 26
Yoon, Park, Jang, Jang, Lee, Ha (bib17) 2011; 26
Kim, Hong, Park, Park, Han, Kim (bib23) 2023; 23
Siris, Brenneman, Barrett-Connor, Miller, Sajjan, Berger (bib3) 2006; 17
Kung, Lee, Ho, Tang, Luk (bib20) 2007; 22
Reid, McClung (bib18) 2024; 12
Kanis, Johnell, Oden, Dawson, De Laet, Jonsson (bib1) 2001; 12
Api (bib25) 2005; 20
(bib8) 2001; 94
McCloskey, Rathi, Heijmans, Blagden, Cortet, Czerwinski (bib28) 2021; 32
Shiomoto, Babazono, Harano, Fujita, Jiang, Kim (bib24) 2021; 11
McCloskey, Tan, Schini (bib26) 2024; 31
Porthouse, Birks, Torgerson, Cockayne, Puffer, Watt (bib5) 2004; 97
Crandall, Larson, LaCroix, Cauley, LeBoff, Li (bib9) 2019; 34
Johansson, Kanis, Oden, McCloskey, Chapurlat, Christiansen (bib21) 2014; 29
Seo, Lee, Kim, Kang, Kang, Kim (bib12) 2019; 28
Ha, Park, Nam, Kim (bib16) 2015; 30
Edwards (bib10) 2017; 20
Marques, Ferreira, Santos, Loza, Carmona, da Silva (bib11) 2015; 74
Koo, Moon, Lee, Park, Yu, Kang (bib13) 2020; 15
Nikolaou, Rizou, Nikolaou, Babis, Chronopoulos (bib22) 2021; 6
Osawa, Ikegami, Horiuchi, Tokida, Kato, Takahashi (bib14) 2021; 10
Schini, Vilaca, Lui, Ewing, Thompson, Vittinghoff (bib27) 2024; 39
Sornay-Rendu, Munoz, Garnero, Duboeuf, Delmas (bib19) 2005; 20
Marshall, Johnell, Wedel (bib2) 1996; 312
Lee, Khang, Lim, Kim, Koh, Kim (bib6) 2010; 25
Looker, Sarafrazi, Fan, Shepherd (bib15) 2017; 28
McCloskey (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib26) 2024; 31
Yoon (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib17) 2011; 26
Nikolaou (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib22) 2021; 6
Cummings (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib4) 1995; 332
Koo (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib13) 2020; 15
Camacho (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib7) 2020; 26
Reid (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib18) 2024; 12
Shiomoto (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib24) 2021; 11
Api (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib25) 2005; 20
Seo (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib12) 2019; 28
Kanis (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib1) 2001; 12
Marshall (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib2) 1996; 312
Edwards (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib10) 2017; 20
Looker (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib15) 2017; 28
McCloskey (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib28) 2021; 32
Lee (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib6) 2010; 25
(10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib8) 2001; 94
Osawa (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib14) 2021; 10
Johansson (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib21) 2014; 29
Porthouse (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib5) 2004; 97
Kung (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib20) 2007; 22
Kim (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib23) 2023; 23
Ha (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib16) 2015; 30
Crandall (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib9) 2019; 34
Marques (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib11) 2015; 74
Sornay-Rendu (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib19) 2005; 20
Schini (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib27) 2024; 39
Siris (10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib3) 2006; 17
References_xml – volume: 34
  start-page: 235
  year: 2019
  end-page: 242
  ident: bib9
  article-title: Predicting fracture risk in younger postmenopausal women: comparison of the garvan and FRAX risk calculators in the women's health initiative study
  publication-title: J Gen Intern Med
– volume: 12
  start-page: 856
  year: 2024
  end-page: 864
  ident: bib18
  article-title: Osteopenia: a key target for fracture prevention
  publication-title: Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol
– volume: 10
  year: 2021
  ident: bib14
  article-title: Osteoporosis detection by physical function tests in resident health exams: a Japanese cohort Survey randomly sampled from a basic resident registry
  publication-title: J Clin Med
– volume: 6
  start-page: 86
  year: 2021
  end-page: 91
  ident: bib22
  article-title: Change in BMI affects the risk of falling in postmenopausal osteopenic and osteoporotic women
  publication-title: J Frailty Sarcopenia Falls
– volume: 312
  start-page: 1254
  year: 1996
  end-page: 1259
  ident: bib2
  article-title: Meta-analysis of how well measures of bone mineral density predict occurrence of osteoporotic fractures
  publication-title: Br Med J
– volume: 15
  year: 2020
  ident: bib13
  article-title: Assessing the effects of National Health Insurance reimbursement policy revisions for anti-osteoporotic drugs in Korean women aged 50 or older
  publication-title: PLoS One
– volume: 39
  start-page: 867
  year: 2024
  end-page: 876
  ident: bib27
  article-title: Pre-treatment bone mineral density and the benefit of pharmacologic treatment on fracture risk and BMD change: analysis from the FNIH-ASBMR SABRE project
  publication-title: J Bone Miner Res
– volume: 32
  start-page: 251
  year: 2021
  end-page: 259
  ident: bib28
  article-title: The osteoporosis treatment gap in patients at risk of fracture in European primary care: a multi-country cross-sectional observational study
  publication-title: Osteoporos Int
– volume: 17
  start-page: 565
  year: 2006
  end-page: 574
  ident: bib3
  article-title: The effect of age and bone mineral density on the absolute, excess, and relative risk of fracture in postmenopausal women aged 50-99: results from the National Osteoporosis Risk Assessment (NORA)
  publication-title: Osteoporos Int
– volume: 332
  start-page: 767
  year: 1995
  end-page: 773
  ident: bib4
  article-title: Risk factors for hip fracture in white women. Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
– volume: 74
  start-page: 1958
  year: 2015
  end-page: 1967
  ident: bib11
  article-title: The accuracy of osteoporotic fracture risk prediction tools: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  publication-title: Ann Rheum Dis
– volume: 20
  start-page: 379
  year: 2017
  end-page: 388
  ident: bib10
  article-title: Osteoporosis risk calculators
  publication-title: J Clin Densitom
– volume: 22
  start-page: 1080
  year: 2007
  end-page: 1087
  ident: bib20
  article-title: Ten-year risk of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal Chinese women according to clinical risk factors and BMD T-scores: a prospective study
  publication-title: J Bone Miner Res
– volume: 26
  start-page: 1087
  year: 2011
  end-page: 1092
  ident: bib17
  article-title: Incidence and mortality following hip fracture in Korea
  publication-title: J Kor Med Sci
– volume: 12
  start-page: 989
  year: 2001
  end-page: 995
  ident: bib1
  article-title: Ten year probabilities of osteoporotic fractures according to BMD and diagnostic thresholds
  publication-title: Osteoporos Int
– volume: 29
  start-page: 223
  year: 2014
  end-page: 233
  ident: bib21
  article-title: A meta-analysis of the association of fracture risk and body mass index in women
  publication-title: J Bone Miner Res
– volume: 28
  start-page: 40
  year: 2019
  end-page: 45
  ident: bib12
  article-title: 2018 Korean society for the study of obesity guideline for the management of obesity in Korea
  publication-title: J Obes Metab Syndr
– volume: 20
  start-page: 1480
  year: 2005
  end-page: 1481
  ident: bib25
  article-title: Are we treating women with postmenopausal osteoporosis for their low BMD or high fracture risk?
  publication-title: J Bone Miner Res
– volume: 20
  start-page: 1813
  year: 2005
  end-page: 1819
  ident: bib19
  article-title: Identification of osteopenic women at high risk of fracture: the OFELY study
  publication-title: J Bone Miner Res
– volume: 11
  year: 2021
  ident: bib24
  article-title: Effect of body mass index on vertebral and hip fractures in older people and differences according to sex: a retrospective Japanese cohort study
  publication-title: BMJ Open
– volume: 25
  start-page: 369
  year: 2010
  end-page: 378
  ident: bib6
  article-title: Clinical risk factors for osteoporotic fracture: a population-based prospective cohort study in Korea
  publication-title: J Bone Miner Res
– volume: 97
  start-page: 569
  year: 2004
  end-page: 574
  ident: bib5
  article-title: Risk factors for fracture in a UK population: a prospective cohort study
  publication-title: QJM
– volume: 94
  start-page: 569
  year: 2001
  end-page: 573
  ident: bib8
  article-title: NIH consensus development panel on osteoporosis prevention, diagnosis, and therapy, march 7-29, 2000: highlights of the conference
  publication-title: South Med J
– volume: 28
  start-page: 1979
  year: 2017
  end-page: 1988
  ident: bib15
  article-title: Trends in osteoporosis and low bone mass in older US adults, 2005-2006 through 2013-2014
  publication-title: Osteoporos Int
– volume: 30
  start-page: 483
  year: 2015
  end-page: 488
  ident: bib16
  article-title: Trend in hip fracture incidence and mortality in Korea: a prospective cohort study from 2002 to 2011
  publication-title: J Kor Med Sci
– volume: 23
  start-page: 948
  year: 2023
  ident: bib23
  article-title: Risk of fracture according to temporal changes of low body weight changes in adults over 40 years: a nationwide population-based cohort study
  publication-title: BMC Public Health
– volume: 26
  start-page: 564
  year: 2020
  end-page: 570
  ident: bib7
  article-title: American association of clinical endocrinologists/American college of endocrinology clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis- 2020 update executive summary
  publication-title: Endocr Pract
– volume: 31
  start-page: 141
  year: 2024
  end-page: 148
  ident: bib26
  article-title: Update on fracture risk assessment in osteoporosis
  publication-title: Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes
– volume: 312
  start-page: 1254
  year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib2
  article-title: Meta-analysis of how well measures of bone mineral density predict occurrence of osteoporotic fractures
  publication-title: Br Med J
  doi: 10.1136/bmj.312.7041.1254
– volume: 74
  start-page: 1958
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib11
  article-title: The accuracy of osteoporotic fracture risk prediction tools: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  publication-title: Ann Rheum Dis
  doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-207907
– volume: 15
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib13
  article-title: Assessing the effects of National Health Insurance reimbursement policy revisions for anti-osteoporotic drugs in Korean women aged 50 or older
  publication-title: PLoS One
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244759
– volume: 39
  start-page: 867
  year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib27
  article-title: Pre-treatment bone mineral density and the benefit of pharmacologic treatment on fracture risk and BMD change: analysis from the FNIH-ASBMR SABRE project
  publication-title: J Bone Miner Res
  doi: 10.1093/jbmr/zjae068
– volume: 34
  start-page: 235
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib9
  article-title: Predicting fracture risk in younger postmenopausal women: comparison of the garvan and FRAX risk calculators in the women's health initiative study
  publication-title: J Gen Intern Med
  doi: 10.1007/s11606-018-4696-z
– volume: 20
  start-page: 1480
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib25
  article-title: Are we treating women with postmenopausal osteoporosis for their low BMD or high fracture risk?
  publication-title: J Bone Miner Res
  doi: 10.1359/JBMR.050504
– volume: 32
  start-page: 251
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib28
  article-title: The osteoporosis treatment gap in patients at risk of fracture in European primary care: a multi-country cross-sectional observational study
  publication-title: Osteoporos Int
  doi: 10.1007/s00198-020-05557-z
– volume: 11
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib24
  article-title: Effect of body mass index on vertebral and hip fractures in older people and differences according to sex: a retrospective Japanese cohort study
  publication-title: BMJ Open
  doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049157
– volume: 17
  start-page: 565
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib3
  article-title: The effect of age and bone mineral density on the absolute, excess, and relative risk of fracture in postmenopausal women aged 50-99: results from the National Osteoporosis Risk Assessment (NORA)
  publication-title: Osteoporos Int
  doi: 10.1007/s00198-005-0027-4
– volume: 31
  start-page: 141
  year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib26
  article-title: Update on fracture risk assessment in osteoporosis
  publication-title: Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes
– volume: 26
  start-page: 1087
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib17
  article-title: Incidence and mortality following hip fracture in Korea
  publication-title: J Kor Med Sci
  doi: 10.3346/jkms.2011.26.8.1087
– volume: 12
  start-page: 856
  year: 2024
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib18
  article-title: Osteopenia: a key target for fracture prevention
  publication-title: Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol
  doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(24)00225-0
– volume: 25
  start-page: 369
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib6
  article-title: Clinical risk factors for osteoporotic fracture: a population-based prospective cohort study in Korea
  publication-title: J Bone Miner Res
  doi: 10.1359/jbmr.090722
– volume: 23
  start-page: 948
  year: 2023
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib23
  article-title: Risk of fracture according to temporal changes of low body weight changes in adults over 40 years: a nationwide population-based cohort study
  publication-title: BMC Public Health
  doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15940-0
– volume: 22
  start-page: 1080
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib20
  article-title: Ten-year risk of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal Chinese women according to clinical risk factors and BMD T-scores: a prospective study
  publication-title: J Bone Miner Res
  doi: 10.1359/jbmr.070320
– volume: 20
  start-page: 1813
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib19
  article-title: Identification of osteopenic women at high risk of fracture: the OFELY study
  publication-title: J Bone Miner Res
  doi: 10.1359/JBMR.050609
– volume: 6
  start-page: 86
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib22
  article-title: Change in BMI affects the risk of falling in postmenopausal osteopenic and osteoporotic women
  publication-title: J Frailty Sarcopenia Falls
  doi: 10.22540/JFSF-06-086
– volume: 12
  start-page: 989
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib1
  article-title: Ten year probabilities of osteoporotic fractures according to BMD and diagnostic thresholds
  publication-title: Osteoporos Int
  doi: 10.1007/s001980170006
– volume: 97
  start-page: 569
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib5
  article-title: Risk factors for fracture in a UK population: a prospective cohort study
  publication-title: QJM
  doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hch097
– volume: 28
  start-page: 1979
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib15
  article-title: Trends in osteoporosis and low bone mass in older US adults, 2005-2006 through 2013-2014
  publication-title: Osteoporos Int
  doi: 10.1007/s00198-017-3996-1
– volume: 30
  start-page: 483
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib16
  article-title: Trend in hip fracture incidence and mortality in Korea: a prospective cohort study from 2002 to 2011
  publication-title: J Kor Med Sci
  doi: 10.3346/jkms.2015.30.4.483
– volume: 28
  start-page: 40
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib12
  article-title: 2018 Korean society for the study of obesity guideline for the management of obesity in Korea
  publication-title: J Obes Metab Syndr
  doi: 10.7570/jomes.2019.28.1.40
– volume: 10
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib14
  article-title: Osteoporosis detection by physical function tests in resident health exams: a Japanese cohort Survey randomly sampled from a basic resident registry
  publication-title: J Clin Med
  doi: 10.3390/jcm10091896
– volume: 29
  start-page: 223
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib21
  article-title: A meta-analysis of the association of fracture risk and body mass index in women
  publication-title: J Bone Miner Res
  doi: 10.1002/jbmr.2017
– volume: 332
  start-page: 767
  year: 1995
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib4
  article-title: Risk factors for hip fracture in white women. Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJM199503233321202
– volume: 94
  start-page: 569
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib8
  article-title: NIH consensus development panel on osteoporosis prevention, diagnosis, and therapy, march 7-29, 2000: highlights of the conference
  publication-title: South Med J
– volume: 20
  start-page: 379
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib10
  article-title: Osteoporosis risk calculators
  publication-title: J Clin Densitom
  doi: 10.1016/j.jocd.2017.06.024
– volume: 26
  start-page: 564
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001_bib7
  article-title: American association of clinical endocrinologists/American college of endocrinology clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis- 2020 update executive summary
  publication-title: Endocr Pract
  doi: 10.4158/GL-2020-0524
SSID ssib044755276
ssj0001562622
Score 2.3002448
Snippet Fracture risk in postmenopausal women is influenced by bone mineral density (BMD), age, and body mass index (BMI). However, fracture prevention strategies...
Objectives: Fracture risk in postmenopausal women is influenced by bone mineral density (BMD), age, and body mass index (BMI). However, fracture prevention...
SourceID nrf
doaj
pubmedcentral
proquest
pubmed
crossref
elsevier
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Index Database
Enrichment Source
Publisher
StartPage 65
SubjectTerms Body mass index
Bone mineral density
Fracture rate
Obesity
Original
Osteoporosis prevalence
정형외과학
Title Fracture risk in Korean postmenopausal women: The influence of BMI, age, and bone density
URI https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/1-s2.0-S2405525525000044
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.001
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40677783
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3231269609
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC12266163
https://doaj.org/article/15e0ec8c10174c64b198010ee524d09b
https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART003218391
Volume 11
WOSCitedRecordID wos001522499600006&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
ispartofPNX Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia, 2025, 11(2), , pp.65-68
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVAON
  databaseName: Directory of Open Access Journals
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2405-5263
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0001562622
  issn: 2405-5255
  databaseCode: DOA
  dateStart: 20150101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– providerCode: PRVHPJ
  databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2405-5263
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssib044755276
  issn: 2405-5255
  databaseCode: M~E
  dateStart: 20160101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org
  providerName: ISSN International Centre
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1Nb9QwELVoxYELAvEVKJUR3CAiju3E4UZRV1SoFQeQlpMVf0FalFTZ3Upc-O3MxMlqg1B74ZKVdj2b9eR5_EY7fkPIq9yy0uRMpHUJmY6Qkqd14fKUe-e4DbCj1WJoNlGenanlsvq80-oLa8KiPHB03FsmfeatsggdYQthIEuGHMJ7mQuXVQajL7CenWQKkIQqdjKPneWAkUC2JeV4YiYWd9WhQ63uXEaFUzbblQbx_tnmtNf24V8U9O9Kyp2taXGP3B05JX0f53Kf3PLtA_JtgeefNr2nWD1Om5Z-6oAgtvSyW2FlOSTLmxVYDRIM7yjABcaMDUtoF-jR6ckbCsEGLq2jpms9dVjsvv71kHxdHH_58DEd-yikFsLZOlXWeOB9plAsBO9KFMGDrMdVXnpwqMmsY6YQwUPuEkxQAda59UUIsLYzoxx_RPZbuM0TQiuHjmUm1KoSzNZKlq4ujKi5DBAcXELY5EdtR5Fx7HXxU0_VZOcafa_R9zrjWFKXkNdbm8sosXHt6CN8PNuRKI89vAGg0SNo9E2gSQifHq6eTqBCzIQvaq69tdxajfwk8o4b7V4CfvSFbYZfi6_fO33Ra0hZTsCoBFJawqgXE740LHH836ZufbdZaQ4cPC9QGjAhjyPettMXqABYKp4QNUPizD_zT9rmxyAjznIkZwV_-j88-ozcwRnHIroDsr_uN_45uW2v1s2qPyR75VIdDksUrqe_j_8A3Rc9BQ
linkProvider Directory of Open Access Journals
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Fracture+risk+in+Korean+postmenopausal+women%3A+The+influence+of+BMI%2C+age%2C+and+bone+density&rft.jtitle=Osteoporosis+and+sarcopenia&rft.au=Shin%2C+Junghwa&rft.au=Kim%2C+Kwang+Yoon&rft.au=Park%2C+Joo-Hyun&rft.au=Lee%2C+Sangmi&rft.date=2025-06-01&rft.eissn=2405-5263&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=65&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.afos.2025.03.001&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F40677783&rft.externalDocID=40677783
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2405-5255&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2405-5255&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2405-5255&client=summon