New developments in human neurocognition: clinical, genetic, and brain imaging correlates of impulsivity and compulsivity

Impulsivity and compulsivity represent useful conceptualizations that involve dissociable cognitive functions, which are mediated by neuroanatomically and neurochemically distinct components of cortico-subcortical circuitry. The constructs were historically viewed as diametrically opposed, with impu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:CNS spectrums Vol. 19; no. 1; pp. 69 - 89
Main Authors: Fineberg, Naomi A, Chamberlain, Samuel R., Goudriaan, Anna E., Stein, Dan J., Vanderschuren, Louk J. M. J., Gillan, Claire M., Shekar, Sameer, Gorwood, Philip A. P. M., Voon, Valerie, Morein-Zamir, Sharon, Denys, Damiaan, Sahakian, Barbara J., Moeller, F. Gerard, Robbins, Trevor W., Potenza, Marc N.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York, USA Cambridge University Press 01.02.2014
Subjects:
Animals
Antipsychotics
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Behavior
Behavior, Addictive - genetics
Behavior, Addictive - pathology
Behavior, Addictive - psychology
Brain research
Cognitive Science - trends
Comorbidity
Compulsive Behavior - genetics
Compulsive Behavior - pathology
Compulsive Behavior - psychology
Decision making
Gambling
Humans
Hyperactivity
Impulsive Behavior - genetics
Impulsive Behavior - pathology
Impulsive Behavior - psychology
Impulsivity
Medical imaging
Mental disorders
Neurobiology
Neuroimaging
Neuropsychology
Prognosis
Psychopathology
Psychotropic drugs
Review Articles
Serotonin
Substance-Related Disorders - genetics
Substance-Related Disorders - pathology
Substance-Related Disorders - psychology
compulsive
impulsive
neurocognition
addictive
ISSN:1092-8529, 2165-6509
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Impulsivity and compulsivity represent useful conceptualizations that involve dissociable cognitive functions, which are mediated by neuroanatomically and neurochemically distinct components of cortico-subcortical circuitry. The constructs were historically viewed as diametrically opposed, with impulsivity being associated with risk-seeking and compulsivity with harm-avoidance. However, they are increasingly recognized to be linked by shared neuropsychological mechanisms involving dysfunctional inhibition of thoughts and behaviors. In this article, we selectively review new developments in the investigation of the neurocognition of impulsivity and compulsivity in humans, in order to advance our understanding of the pathophysiology of impulsive, compulsive, and addictive disorders and indicate new directions for research.
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ISSN:1092-8529
2165-6509
DOI:10.1017/S1092852913000801