Adolescents' Intense and Problematic Social Media Use and Their Well-Being in 29 Countries

This study examined (1) whether intense and problematic social media use (SMU) were independently associated with adolescent well-being; (2) whether these associations varied by the country-level prevalence of intense and problematic SMU; and (3) whether differences in the country-level prevalence o...

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Published in:	Journal of adolescent health Vol. 66; no. 6; pp. S89 - S99
Main Authors:	Boer, Maartje, van den Eijnden, Regina J.J.M., Boniel-Nissim, Meyran, Wong, Suzy-Lai, Inchley, Joanna C., Badura, Petr, Craig, Wendy M., Gobina, Inese, Kleszczewska, Dorota, Klanšček, Helena J., Stevens, Gonneke W.J.M.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Elsevier Inc 01.06.2020 Elsevier
Subjects:	Adolescent Adolescent Behavior Adolescents Bayes Theorem Behavior, Addictive Child Cross-Cultural Comparison Cross-national research Female HBSC Health Behavior Humans Internet Male Mental Health - statistics & numerical data Personal Satisfaction Problematic social media use Quality of Life Social Media - statistics & numerical data Social media use Stress, Psychological Well-being Cross-national research Well-being HBSC Adolescents Social media use Problematic social media use
ISSN:	1054-139X, 1879-1972, 1879-1972
Online Access:	Get full text
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Abstract	This study examined (1) whether intense and problematic social media use (SMU) were independently associated with adolescent well-being; (2) whether these associations varied by the country-level prevalence of intense and problematic SMU; and (3) whether differences in the country-level prevalence of intense and problematic SMU were related to differences in mobile Internet access. Individual-level data came from 154,981 adolescents (meanage = 13.5) from 29 countries that participated in the 2017/2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey. Intense SMU was measured by the time spent on social media, whereas problematic SMU was defined by symptoms of addiction to social media. Mental (life satisfaction and psychological complaints), school (school satisfaction and perceived school pressure), and social (family support and friend support) well-being were assessed. Country-level data came from aggregated individual-level data and data from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) on Internet access. Two-level regression analyses indicated that in countries with a lower prevalence of intense SMU, intense users reported lower levels of life satisfaction and family support and more psychological complaints than nonintense users. In contrast, in countries with a higher prevalence of intense SMU, intense users reported higher levels of family support and life satisfaction than nonintense users, and similar levels of psychological complaints. In all countries, intense users reported more friend support than nonintense users. The findings regarding problematic SMU were more consistent: In all countries, problematic users reported lower well-being on all domains than nonproblematic users. Observed differences in country-level prevalence rates of intense and problematic SMU could not be explained by mobile Internet access. Adolescents reporting problematic SMU are particularly at risk of lower well-being. In many countries, intense SMU may be a normative adolescent behavior that contributes positively to specific domains of their well-being.
AbstractList	This study examined (1) whether intense and problematic social media use (SMU) were independently associated with adolescent well-being; (2) whether these associations varied by the country-level prevalence of intense and problematic SMU; and (3) whether differences in the country-level prevalence of intense and problematic SMU were related to differences in mobile Internet access. Individual-level data came from 154,981 adolescents (meanage = 13.5) from 29 countries that participated in the 2017/2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey. Intense SMU was measured by the time spent on social media, whereas problematic SMU was defined by symptoms of addiction to social media. Mental (life satisfaction and psychological complaints), school (school satisfaction and perceived school pressure), and social (family support and friend support) well-being were assessed. Country-level data came from aggregated individual-level data and data from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) on Internet access. Two-level regression analyses indicated that in countries with a lower prevalence of intense SMU, intense users reported lower levels of life satisfaction and family support and more psychological complaints than nonintense users. In contrast, in countries with a higher prevalence of intense SMU, intense users reported higher levels of family support and life satisfaction than nonintense users, and similar levels of psychological complaints. In all countries, intense users reported more friend support than nonintense users. The findings regarding problematic SMU were more consistent: In all countries, problematic users reported lower well-being on all domains than nonproblematic users. Observed differences in country-level prevalence rates of intense and problematic SMU could not be explained by mobile Internet access. Adolescents reporting problematic SMU are particularly at risk of lower well-being. In many countries, intense SMU may be a normative adolescent behavior that contributes positively to specific domains of their well-being. This study examined (1) whether intense and problematic social media use (SMU) were independently associated with adolescent well-being; (2) whether these associations varied by the country-level prevalence of intense and problematic SMU; and (3) whether differences in the country-level prevalence of intense and problematic SMU were related to differences in mobile Internet access. Individual-level data came from 154,981 adolescents (mean = 13.5) from 29 countries that participated in the 2017/2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey. Intense SMU was measured by the time spent on social media, whereas problematic SMU was defined by symptoms of addiction to social media. Mental (life satisfaction and psychological complaints), school (school satisfaction and perceived school pressure), and social (family support and friend support) well-being were assessed. Country-level data came from aggregated individual-level data and data from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) on Internet access. Two-level regression analyses indicated that in countries with a lower prevalence of intense SMU, intense users reported lower levels of life satisfaction and family support and more psychological complaints than nonintense users. In contrast, in countries with a higher prevalence of intense SMU, intense users reported higher levels of family support and life satisfaction than nonintense users, and similar levels of psychological complaints. In all countries, intense users reported more friend support than nonintense users. The findings regarding problematic SMU were more consistent: In all countries, problematic users reported lower well-being on all domains than nonproblematic users. Observed differences in country-level prevalence rates of intense and problematic SMU could not be explained by mobile Internet access. Adolescents reporting problematic SMU are particularly at risk of lower well-being. In many countries, intense SMU may be a normative adolescent behavior that contributes positively to specific domains of their well-being. This study examined (1) whether intense and problematic social media use (SMU) were independently associated with adolescent well-being; (2) whether these associations varied by the country-level prevalence of intense and problematic SMU; and (3) whether differences in the country-level prevalence of intense and problematic SMU were related to differences in mobile Internet access.PURPOSEThis study examined (1) whether intense and problematic social media use (SMU) were independently associated with adolescent well-being; (2) whether these associations varied by the country-level prevalence of intense and problematic SMU; and (3) whether differences in the country-level prevalence of intense and problematic SMU were related to differences in mobile Internet access.Individual-level data came from 154,981 adolescents (meanage = 13.5) from 29 countries that participated in the 2017/2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey. Intense SMU was measured by the time spent on social media, whereas problematic SMU was defined by symptoms of addiction to social media. Mental (life satisfaction and psychological complaints), school (school satisfaction and perceived school pressure), and social (family support and friend support) well-being were assessed. Country-level data came from aggregated individual-level data and data from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) on Internet access.METHODSIndividual-level data came from 154,981 adolescents (meanage = 13.5) from 29 countries that participated in the 2017/2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey. Intense SMU was measured by the time spent on social media, whereas problematic SMU was defined by symptoms of addiction to social media. Mental (life satisfaction and psychological complaints), school (school satisfaction and perceived school pressure), and social (family support and friend support) well-being were assessed. Country-level data came from aggregated individual-level data and data from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) on Internet access.Two-level regression analyses indicated that in countries with a lower prevalence of intense SMU, intense users reported lower levels of life satisfaction and family support and more psychological complaints than nonintense users. In contrast, in countries with a higher prevalence of intense SMU, intense users reported higher levels of family support and life satisfaction than nonintense users, and similar levels of psychological complaints. In all countries, intense users reported more friend support than nonintense users. The findings regarding problematic SMU were more consistent: In all countries, problematic users reported lower well-being on all domains than nonproblematic users. Observed differences in country-level prevalence rates of intense and problematic SMU could not be explained by mobile Internet access.RESULTSTwo-level regression analyses indicated that in countries with a lower prevalence of intense SMU, intense users reported lower levels of life satisfaction and family support and more psychological complaints than nonintense users. In contrast, in countries with a higher prevalence of intense SMU, intense users reported higher levels of family support and life satisfaction than nonintense users, and similar levels of psychological complaints. In all countries, intense users reported more friend support than nonintense users. The findings regarding problematic SMU were more consistent: In all countries, problematic users reported lower well-being on all domains than nonproblematic users. Observed differences in country-level prevalence rates of intense and problematic SMU could not be explained by mobile Internet access.Adolescents reporting problematic SMU are particularly at risk of lower well-being. In many countries, intense SMU may be a normative adolescent behavior that contributes positively to specific domains of their well-being.CONCLUSIONSAdolescents reporting problematic SMU are particularly at risk of lower well-being. In many countries, intense SMU may be a normative adolescent behavior that contributes positively to specific domains of their well-being.
Author	Stevens, Gonneke W.J.M. Boniel-Nissim, Meyran Wong, Suzy-Lai Klanšček, Helena J. Boer, Maartje Gobina, Inese van den Eijnden, Regina J.J.M. Inchley, Joanna C. Badura, Petr Craig, Wendy M. Kleszczewska, Dorota
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Maartje orcidid: 0000-0001-6223-859X surname: Boer fullname: Boer, Maartje email: m.boer2@uu.nl organization: Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands – sequence: 2 givenname: Regina J.J.M. surname: van den Eijnden fullname: van den Eijnden, Regina J.J.M. organization: Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands – sequence: 3 givenname: Meyran surname: Boniel-Nissim fullname: Boniel-Nissim, Meyran organization: School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Kinneret Academic College, Sea of Galilee, Israel – sequence: 4 givenname: Suzy-Lai surname: Wong fullname: Wong, Suzy-Lai organization: Centre for Health Promotion, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Canada – sequence: 5 givenname: Joanna C. orcidid: 0000-0001-8322-8817 surname: Inchley fullname: Inchley, Joanna C. organization: MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland – sequence: 6 givenname: Petr orcidid: 0000-0003-0261-018X surname: Badura fullname: Badura, Petr organization: Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic – sequence: 7 givenname: Wendy M. surname: Craig fullname: Craig, Wendy M. organization: Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada – sequence: 8 givenname: Inese orcidid: 0000-0003-4546-491X surname: Gobina fullname: Gobina, Inese organization: Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health, Riga Stradinš University, Riga, Latvia – sequence: 9 givenname: Dorota orcidid: 0000-0001-7523-8628 surname: Kleszczewska fullname: Kleszczewska, Dorota organization: Institute of Mother and Child Foundation, Warsaw, Poland – sequence: 10 givenname: Helena J. surname: Klanšček fullname: Klanšček, Helena J. organization: Center for Study and Development of Health, National Institute of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia – sequence: 11 givenname: Gonneke W.J.M. orcidid: 0000-0001-9929-7972 surname: Stevens fullname: Stevens, Gonneke W.J.M. organization: Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32446614$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet	This study examined (1) whether intense and problematic social media use (SMU) were independently associated with adolescent well-being; (2) whether these...
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SubjectTerms	Adolescent Adolescent Behavior Adolescents Bayes Theorem Behavior, Addictive Child Cross-Cultural Comparison Cross-national research Female HBSC Health Behavior Humans Internet Male Mental Health - statistics & numerical data Personal Satisfaction Problematic social media use Quality of Life Social Media - statistics & numerical data Social media use Stress, Psychological Well-being
Title	Adolescents' Intense and Problematic Social Media Use and Their Well-Being in 29 Countries
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