The Life Cycle Transitions of Temperate Phages: Regulating Factors and Potential Ecological Implications

Phages are viruses that infect bacteria. They affect various microbe-mediated processes that drive biogeochemical cycling on a global scale. Their influence depends on whether the infection is lysogenic or lytic. Temperate phages have the potential to execute both infection types and thus frequently...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Viruses Vol. 14; no. 9; p. 1904
Main Authors: Zhang, Menghui, Zhang, Tianyou, Yu, Meishun, Chen, Yu-Lei, Jin, Min
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 28.08.2022
MDPI
Subjects:
Animals
Bacteria
Bacteriophages
Bacteriophages - genetics
Biogeochemical cycles
Carbon
Chlorophyll
ecological implication
Environmental aspects
Genomes
Host systems
Infections
Life Cycle Stages
life cycle transition
Life cycles
Lysogeny
Metabolism
Nitrogen
Nutrients
Phages
Phosphates
Phosphorus content
Physiological aspects
Productivity
Prokaryotes
prophage induction
RecA protein
regulating factors
Review
temperate phage
Thermal properties
Virus research
China
Tampa Bay
Arctic region
lysogeny
prophage induction
ecological implication
life cycle transition
regulating factors
temperate phage
ISSN:1999-4915, 1999-4915
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Phages are viruses that infect bacteria. They affect various microbe-mediated processes that drive biogeochemical cycling on a global scale. Their influence depends on whether the infection is lysogenic or lytic. Temperate phages have the potential to execute both infection types and thus frequently switch their infection modes in nature, potentially causing substantial impacts on the host-phage community and relevant biogeochemical cycling. Understanding the regulating factors and outcomes of temperate phage life cycle transition is thus fundamental for evaluating their ecological impacts. This review thus systematically summarizes the effects of various factors affecting temperate phage life cycle decisions in both culturable phage-host systems and natural environments. The review further elucidates the ecological implications of the life cycle transition of temperate phages with an emphasis on phage/host fitness, host-phage dynamics, microbe diversity and evolution, and biogeochemical cycles.
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ISSN:1999-4915
1999-4915
DOI:10.3390/v14091904