The new scope of virus taxonomy: partitioning the virosphere into 15 hierarchical ranks

Virus taxonomy emerged as a discipline in the middle of the twentieth century. Traditionally, classification by virus taxonomists has been focussed on the grouping of relatively closely related viruses. However, during the past few years, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) has...

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Published in:	Nature microbiology Vol. 5; no. 5; pp. 668 - 674
Main Authors:	Gorbalenya, Alexander E., Krupovic, Mart, Mushegian, Arcady, Kropinski, Andrew M., Siddell, Stuart G., Varsani, Arvind, Adams, Michael J., Davison, Andrew J., Dutilh, Bas E., Harrach, Balázs, Harrison, Robert L., Junglen, Sandra, King, Andrew M. Q., Knowles, Nick J., Lefkowitz, Elliot J., Nibert, Max L., Rubino, Luisa, Sabanadzovic, Sead, Sanfaçon, Hélène, Simmonds, Peter, Walker, Peter J., Zerbini, F. Murilo, Kuhn, Jens H.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.05.2020 Nature Publishing Group
Subjects:	631/114/1386 631/181/2480 631/326/596 692/699/255 704/158/855 Biomedical and Life Sciences Classification Communicable Diseases - virology Consensus Statement Coronaviruses Ebolavirus - classification Ecology Evolution, Molecular Genes, Viral Genetic divergence Herpes simplex Herpesvirus 1, Human - classification Humans Infectious Diseases Life Sciences Medical Microbiology Microbiology Microbiology and Parasitology Parasitology Severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus - classification Taxonomy Virology Viruses Viruses - classification Viruses - genetics Microbial ecology Infectious diseases Classification and taxonomy Taxonomy Virology
ISSN:	2058-5276, 2058-5276
Online Access:	Get full text
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Abstract	Virus taxonomy emerged as a discipline in the middle of the twentieth century. Traditionally, classification by virus taxonomists has been focussed on the grouping of relatively closely related viruses. However, during the past few years, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) has recognized that the taxonomy it develops can be usefully extended to include the basal evolutionary relationships among distantly related viruses. Consequently, the ICTV has changed its Code to allow a 15-rank classification hierarchy that closely aligns with the Linnaean taxonomic system and may accommodate the entire spectrum of genetic divergence in the virosphere. The current taxonomies of three human pathogens, Ebola virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and herpes simplex virus 1 are used to illustrate the impact of the expanded rank structure. This new rank hierarchy of virus taxonomy will stimulate further research on virus origins and evolution, and vice versa, and could promote crosstalk with the taxonomies of cellular organisms. Here, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses describe a new, expanded virus classification scheme with 15 ranks that closely aligns with the Linnaean taxonomic system and better encompasses viral diversity.
AbstractList	Virus taxonomy emerged as a discipline in the middle of the twentieth century. Traditionally, classification by virus taxonomists has been focussed on the grouping of relatively closely related viruses. However, during the past few years, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) has recognized that the taxonomy it develops can be usefully extended to include the basal evolutionary relationships among distantly related viruses. Consequently, the ICTV has changed its Code to allow a 15-rank classification hierarchy that closely aligns with the Linnaean taxonomic system and may accommodate the entire spectrum of genetic divergence in the virosphere. The current taxonomies of three human pathogens, Ebola virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and herpes simplex virus 1 are used to illustrate the impact of the expanded rank structure. This new rank hierarchy of virus taxonomy will stimulate further research on virus origins and evolution, and vice versa, and could promote crosstalk with the taxonomies of cellular organisms. Here, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses describe a new, expanded virus classification scheme with 15 ranks that closely aligns with the Linnaean taxonomic system and better encompasses viral diversity. Virus taxonomy emerged as a discipline in the middle of the twentieth century. Traditionally, classification by virus taxonomists has been focussed on the grouping of relatively closely related viruses. However, during the past few years, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) has recognized that the taxonomy it develops can be usefully extended to include the basal evolutionary relationships among distantly related viruses. Consequently, the ICTV has changed its Code to allow a 15-rank classification hierarchy that closely aligns with the Linnaean taxonomic system and may accommodate the entire spectrum of genetic divergence in the virosphere. The current taxonomies of three human pathogens, Ebola virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and herpes simplex virus 1 are used to illustrate the impact of the expanded rank structure. This new rank hierarchy of virus taxonomy will stimulate further research on virus origins and evolution, and vice versa, and could promote crosstalk with the taxonomies of cellular organisms.Virus taxonomy emerged as a discipline in the middle of the twentieth century. Traditionally, classification by virus taxonomists has been focussed on the grouping of relatively closely related viruses. However, during the past few years, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) has recognized that the taxonomy it develops can be usefully extended to include the basal evolutionary relationships among distantly related viruses. Consequently, the ICTV has changed its Code to allow a 15-rank classification hierarchy that closely aligns with the Linnaean taxonomic system and may accommodate the entire spectrum of genetic divergence in the virosphere. The current taxonomies of three human pathogens, Ebola virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and herpes simplex virus 1 are used to illustrate the impact of the expanded rank structure. This new rank hierarchy of virus taxonomy will stimulate further research on virus origins and evolution, and vice versa, and could promote crosstalk with the taxonomies of cellular organisms. Virus taxonomy emerged as a discipline in the middle of the twentieth century. Traditionally, classification by virus taxonomists has been focussed on the grouping of relatively closely related viruses. However, during the past few years, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) has recognized that the taxonomy it develops can be usefully extended to include the basal evolutionary relationships among distantly related viruses. Consequently, the ICTV has changed its Code to allow a 15-rank classification hierarchy that closely aligns with the Linnaean taxonomic system and may accommodate the entire spectrum of genetic divergence in the virosphere. The current taxonomies of three human pathogens, Ebola virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and herpes simplex virus 1 are used to illustrate the impact of the expanded rank structure. This new rank hierarchy of virus taxonomy will stimulate further research on virus origins and evolution, and vice versa, and could promote crosstalk with the taxonomies of cellular organisms. Here, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses describe a new, expanded virus classification scheme with 15 ranks that closely aligns with the Linnaean taxonomic system and better encompasses viral diversity. Virus taxonomy emerged as a discipline in the middle of the twentieth century. Traditionally, classification by virus taxonomists has been focussed on the grouping of relatively closely related viruses. However, during the past few years, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) has recognized that the taxonomy it develops can be usefully extended to include the basal evolutionary relationships among distantly related viruses. Consequently, the ICTV has changed its Code to allow a 15-rank classification hierarchy that closely aligns with the Linnaean taxonomic system and may accommodate the entire spectrum of genetic divergence in the virosphere. The current taxonomies of three human pathogens, Ebola virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and herpes simplex virus 1 are used to illustrate the impact of the expanded rank structure. This new rank hierarchy of virus taxonomy will stimulate further research on virus origins and evolution, and vice versa, and could promote crosstalk with the taxonomies of cellular organisms.
Author	Gorbalenya, Alexander E. Adams, Michael J. Nibert, Max L. Zerbini, F. Murilo Siddell, Stuart G. King, Andrew M. Q. Kropinski, Andrew M. Dutilh, Bas E. Junglen, Sandra Walker, Peter J. Varsani, Arvind Sanfaçon, Hélène Lefkowitz, Elliot J. Simmonds, Peter Mushegian, Arcady Krupovic, Mart Harrison, Robert L. Davison, Andrew J. Harrach, Balázs Knowles, Nick J. Rubino, Luisa Sabanadzovic, Sead Kuhn, Jens H.
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ContentType	Journal Article
Contributor	Kropinski, Andrew M Davison, Andrew J Knowles, Nick J Siddell, Stuart G Zerbini, F Murilo Harrison, Robert L King, Andrew M Q Gorbalenya, Alexander E Junglen, Sandra Adams, Michael J Varsani, Arvind Sanfaçon, Hélène Simmonds, Peter Mushegian, Arcady Nibert, Max L Lefkowitz, Elliot J Dutilh, Bas E Krupovic, Mart Harrach, Balázs Walker, Peter J Rubino, Luisa Sabanadzovic, Sead Kuhn, Jens H
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Copyright	The Author(s) 2020 The Author(s) 2020. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. The Author(s) 2020. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. licence_http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero
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DOI	10.1038/s41564-020-0709-x
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Snippet	Virus taxonomy emerged as a discipline in the middle of the twentieth century. Traditionally, classification by virus taxonomists has been focussed on the...
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SubjectTerms	631/114/1386 631/181/2480 631/326/596 692/699/255 704/158/855 Biomedical and Life Sciences Classification Communicable Diseases - virology Consensus Statement Coronaviruses Ebolavirus - classification Ecology Evolution, Molecular Genes, Viral Genetic divergence Herpes simplex Herpesvirus 1, Human - classification Humans Infectious Diseases Life Sciences Medical Microbiology Microbiology Microbiology and Parasitology Parasitology Severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus - classification Taxonomy Virology Viruses Viruses - classification Viruses - genetics
Title	The new scope of virus taxonomy: partitioning the virosphere into 15 hierarchical ranks
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