Deposition rates of viruses and bacteria above the atmospheric boundary layer

Aerosolization of soil-dust and organic aggregates in sea spray facilitates the long-range transport of bacteria, and likely viruses across the free atmosphere. Although long-distance transport occurs, there are many uncertainties associated with their deposition rates. Here, we demonstrate that eve...

Celý popis

Uloženo v:

Podrobná bibliografie
Vydáno v:	The ISME Journal Ročník 12; číslo 4; s. 1154 - 1162
Hlavní autoři:	Reche, Isabel, D’Orta, Gaetano, Mladenov, Natalie, Winget, Danielle M., Suttle, Curtis A.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.04.2018 Oxford University Press
Témata:	13/31 631/158/855 631/326/2565/855 Aerosols Africa, Northern Air Microbiology Atmosphere Atmospheric boundary layer Bacteria Bacteria - isolation & purification Biomedical and Life Sciences Boundary layers Deposition Dust Dust - analysis Ecology Evolutionary Biology Free atmosphere Life Sciences Microbial Ecology Microbial Genetics and Genomics Microbiology Organic soils Rain Rainfall Soil layers Transport Viruses Viruses - isolation & purification Africa, Northern
ISSN:	1751-7362, 1751-7370, 1751-7370
On-line přístup:	Získat plný text
Tagy:	Přidat tag Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!

Popis
Shrnutí:	Aerosolization of soil-dust and organic aggregates in sea spray facilitates the long-range transport of bacteria, and likely viruses across the free atmosphere. Although long-distance transport occurs, there are many uncertainties associated with their deposition rates. Here, we demonstrate that even in pristine environments, above the atmospheric boundary layer, the downward flux of viruses ranged from 0.26 × 10 9 to >7 × 10 9 m −2 per day. These deposition rates were 9–461 times greater than the rates for bacteria, which ranged from 0.3 × 10 7 to >8 × 10 7 m −2 per day. The highest relative deposition rates for viruses were associated with atmospheric transport from marine rather than terrestrial sources. Deposition rates of bacteria were significantly higher during rain events and Saharan dust intrusions, whereas, rainfall did not significantly influence virus deposition. Virus deposition rates were positively correlated with organic aerosols <0.7 μm, whereas, bacteria were primarily associated with organic aerosols >0.7 μm, implying that viruses could have longer residence times in the atmosphere and, consequently, will be dispersed further. These results provide an explanation for enigmatic observations that viruses with very high genetic identity can be found in very distant and different environments.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
ISSN:	1751-7362 1751-7370 1751-7370
DOI:	10.1038/s41396-017-0042-4