New aspects of amino acid metabolism in cancer

An abundant supply of amino acids is important for cancers to sustain their proliferative drive. Alongside their direct role as substrates for protein synthesis, they can have roles in energy generation, driving the synthesis of nucleosides and maintenance of cellular redox homoeostasis. As cancer c...

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Veröffentlicht in:British journal of cancer Jg. 122; H. 2; S. 150 - 156
Hauptverfasser: Vettore, Lisa, Westbrook, Rebecca L., Tennant, Daniel A.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.01.2020
Nature Publishing Group
Schlagworte:
631/67/2327
631/67/327
Amino acids
Amino Acids - genetics
Amino Acids - metabolism
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cancer
Cancer Research
Cell Proliferation - genetics
Drug Resistance
Energy Metabolism - genetics
Epidemiology
Humans
Metabolism
Molecular Medicine
Neoplasms - genetics
Neoplasms - metabolism
Oncology
Protein biosynthesis
Protein Biosynthesis - genetics
Review
Review Article
Tumor Microenvironment - genetics
ISSN:0007-0920, 1532-1827, 1532-1827
Online-Zugang:Volltext
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Zusammenfassung:An abundant supply of amino acids is important for cancers to sustain their proliferative drive. Alongside their direct role as substrates for protein synthesis, they can have roles in energy generation, driving the synthesis of nucleosides and maintenance of cellular redox homoeostasis. As cancer cells exist within a complex and often nutrient-poor microenvironment, they sometimes exist as part of a metabolic community, forming relationships that can be both symbiotic and parasitic. Indeed, this is particularly evident in cancers that are auxotrophic for particular amino acids. This review discusses the stromal/cancer cell relationship, by using examples to illustrate a number of different ways in which cancer cells can rely on and contribute to their microenvironment – both as a stable network and in response to therapy. In addition, it examines situations when amino acid synthesis is driven through metabolic coupling to other reactions, and synthesis is in excess of the cancer cell’s proliferative demand. Finally, it highlights the understudied area of non-proteinogenic amino acids in cancer metabolism and their potential role.
Bibliographie:ObjectType-Article-1
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ISSN:0007-0920
1532-1827
1532-1827
DOI:10.1038/s41416-019-0620-5