The emerging role of exosomes in mental disorders

Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles of endocytic origin, which are released by cells and are accessible in biofluids, such as saliva, urine, and plasma. These vesicles are enriched with small RNA, and they play a role in many physiological processes. In the brain, they are involved in pro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Translational psychiatry Vol. 9; no. 1; p. 122
Main Authors: Saeedi, Saumeh, Israel, Sonia, Nagy, Corina, Turecki, Gustavo
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 28.03.2019
Nature Publishing Group
Subjects:
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Behavioral Sciences
Biological Psychology
Biomarkers
Blood-Brain Barrier - physiopathology
Brain - physiopathology
Cell Communication
Exosomes - physiology
Humans
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Mental disorders
Mental Disorders - physiopathology
Neurosciences
Pharmacotherapy
Psychiatry
Review
Review Article
ISSN:2158-3188, 2158-3188
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles of endocytic origin, which are released by cells and are accessible in biofluids, such as saliva, urine, and plasma. These vesicles are enriched with small RNA, and they play a role in many physiological processes. In the brain, they are involved in processes including synaptic plasticity, neuronal stress response, cell-to-cell communication and neurogenesis. While exosomes have been implicated previously in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, research regarding their role in mental disorders remains scarce. Given their functional significance in the brain, investigation in this field is warranted. Additionally, because exosomes can cross the blood–brain barrier, they may serve as accessible biomarkers of neural dysfunction. Studying exosomes may provide information towards diagnosis and therapeutic intervention, and specifically those derived from the brain may provide a mechanistic view of the disease phenotype. This review will discuss the roles of exosomes in the brain, and relate novel findings to current insights into mental disorders.
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ISSN:2158-3188
2158-3188
DOI:10.1038/s41398-019-0459-9