The emerging role of exosomes in mental disorders

Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles of endocytic origin, which are released by cells and are accessible in biofluids, such as saliva, urine, and plasma. These vesicles are enriched with small RNA, and they play a role in many physiological processes. In the brain, they are involved in pro...

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Vydáno v:Translational psychiatry Ročník 9; číslo 1; s. 122
Hlavní autoři: Saeedi, Saumeh, Israel, Sonia, Nagy, Corina, Turecki, Gustavo
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: London Nature Publishing Group UK 28.03.2019
Nature Publishing Group
Témata:
ISSN:2158-3188, 2158-3188
On-line přístup:Získat plný text
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Abstract Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles of endocytic origin, which are released by cells and are accessible in biofluids, such as saliva, urine, and plasma. These vesicles are enriched with small RNA, and they play a role in many physiological processes. In the brain, they are involved in processes including synaptic plasticity, neuronal stress response, cell-to-cell communication and neurogenesis. While exosomes have been implicated previously in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, research regarding their role in mental disorders remains scarce. Given their functional significance in the brain, investigation in this field is warranted. Additionally, because exosomes can cross the blood–brain barrier, they may serve as accessible biomarkers of neural dysfunction. Studying exosomes may provide information towards diagnosis and therapeutic intervention, and specifically those derived from the brain may provide a mechanistic view of the disease phenotype. This review will discuss the roles of exosomes in the brain, and relate novel findings to current insights into mental disorders.
AbstractList Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles of endocytic origin, which are released by cells and are accessible in biofluids, such as saliva, urine, and plasma. These vesicles are enriched with small RNA, and they play a role in many physiological processes. In the brain, they are involved in processes including synaptic plasticity, neuronal stress response, cell-to-cell communication and neurogenesis. While exosomes have been implicated previously in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, research regarding their role in mental disorders remains scarce. Given their functional significance in the brain, investigation in this field is warranted. Additionally, because exosomes can cross the blood–brain barrier, they may serve as accessible biomarkers of neural dysfunction. Studying exosomes may provide information towards diagnosis and therapeutic intervention, and specifically those derived from the brain may provide a mechanistic view of the disease phenotype. This review will discuss the roles of exosomes in the brain, and relate novel findings to current insights into mental disorders.
Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles of endocytic origin, which are released by cells and are accessible in biofluids, such as saliva, urine, and plasma. These vesicles are enriched with small RNA, and they play a role in many physiological processes. In the brain, they are involved in processes including synaptic plasticity, neuronal stress response, cell-to-cell communication and neurogenesis. While exosomes have been implicated previously in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, research regarding their role in mental disorders remains scarce. Given their functional significance in the brain, investigation in this field is warranted. Additionally, because exosomes can cross the blood-brain barrier, they may serve as accessible biomarkers of neural dysfunction. Studying exosomes may provide information towards diagnosis and therapeutic intervention, and specifically those derived from the brain may provide a mechanistic view of the disease phenotype. This review will discuss the roles of exosomes in the brain, and relate novel findings to current insights into mental disorders.Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles of endocytic origin, which are released by cells and are accessible in biofluids, such as saliva, urine, and plasma. These vesicles are enriched with small RNA, and they play a role in many physiological processes. In the brain, they are involved in processes including synaptic plasticity, neuronal stress response, cell-to-cell communication and neurogenesis. While exosomes have been implicated previously in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, research regarding their role in mental disorders remains scarce. Given their functional significance in the brain, investigation in this field is warranted. Additionally, because exosomes can cross the blood-brain barrier, they may serve as accessible biomarkers of neural dysfunction. Studying exosomes may provide information towards diagnosis and therapeutic intervention, and specifically those derived from the brain may provide a mechanistic view of the disease phenotype. This review will discuss the roles of exosomes in the brain, and relate novel findings to current insights into mental disorders.
ArticleNumber 122
Author Israel, Sonia
Nagy, Corina
Saeedi, Saumeh
Turecki, Gustavo
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Saumeh
  surname: Saeedi
  fullname: Saeedi, Saumeh
  organization: McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Sonia
  surname: Israel
  fullname: Israel, Sonia
  organization: McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Corina
  surname: Nagy
  fullname: Nagy, Corina
  organization: McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Gustavo
  orcidid: 0000-0003-4075-2736
  surname: Turecki
  fullname: Turecki, Gustavo
  email: gustavo.turecki@mcgill.ca
  organization: McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30923321$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles of endocytic origin, which are released by cells and are accessible in biofluids, such as saliva, urine, and...
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SubjectTerms 631/378
692/53
Behavioral Sciences
Biological Psychology
Biomarkers
Blood-Brain Barrier - physiopathology
Brain - physiopathology
Cell Communication
Exosomes - physiology
Humans
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Mental disorders
Mental Disorders - physiopathology
Neurosciences
Pharmacotherapy
Psychiatry
Review
Review Article
Title The emerging role of exosomes in mental disorders
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41398-019-0459-9
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30923321
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6438960
Volume 9
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