Are manual workers at higher risk of death than non-manual employees when living in Swedish municipalities with higher income inequality?

Objectives: To test the hypothesis that manual workers are at higher risk of death than are non-manual employees when living in municipalities with higher income inequality. Design: Hierarchical regression was used for the analysis were individuals were nested within municipalities according to the...

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Veröffentlicht in:European journal of public health Jg. 17; H. 2; S. 139 - 144
Hauptverfasser: Henriksson, Göran, Allebeck, Peter, Weitoft, Gunilla Ringbäck, Thelle, Dag
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: England Oxford University Press 01.04.2007
Schlagworte:
Adult
Affluence
attempted suicide
Census
Censuses
Cities
Death & dying
Employees
Employment - classification
Employment - economics
Employment - statistics & numerical data
Employment/classification/economics/statistics & numerical data
Families & family life
Family income
Female
Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa och socialmedicin
Hierarchies
Humans
Hypotheses
Income
Income - classification
Income - statistics & numerical data
Income distribution
Income inequalities
Income inequality
Income/classification/statistics & numerical data
Male
Manual workers
Middle Aged
Mortality
Municipalities
Myocardial infarction
Occupational Diseases - mortality
Occupations - classification
Occupations - economics
Occupations - statistics & numerical data
Occupations/classification/economics/statistics & numerical data
Parasuicide
Poisson Distribution
Population
Poverty Areas
Public health
Public Health, Global Health and Social Medicine
Residence Characteristics - classification
Risk
Risk assessment
Risk Factors
Social Class
socio-economic position
Socioeconomic conditions
Socioeconomic factors
Socioeconomics
Sweden
Sweden - epidemiology
Urban Health - statistics & numerical data
Vulnerable Populations - statistics & numerical data
Workload - statistics & numerical data
Sweden
socio-economic position
Sweden
attempted suicide
income inequality
myocardial infarction
ISSN:1101-1262, 1464-360X
Online-Zugang:Volltext
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:Objectives: To test the hypothesis that manual workers are at higher risk of death than are non-manual employees when living in municipalities with higher income inequality. Design: Hierarchical regression was used for the analysis were individuals were nested within municipalities according to the 1990 Swedish census. The outcome was all-cause mortality 1992–1998. The income measure at the individual level was disposable family income weighted against composition of family; the income inequality measure used at the municipality level was the Gini coefficient. Participants: The study population consisted of 1 578 186 people aged 40–64 years in the 1990 Swedish census, who were being reported as unskilled or skilled manual workers, lower-, intermediate-, or high-level non-manual employees. Results: There was no significant association between income inequality at the municipality level and risk of death, but an expected gradient with unskilled manual workers having the highest risk and high-level non-manual employees having the lowest. However, in the interaction models the relative risk (RR) of death for high-level non-manual employees was decreasing with increasing income inequality (RR = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.63–0.93), whereas the corresponding risk for unskilled manual workers increased with increasing income inequality (RR = 1.24; 95% CI, 1.06–1.46). The RRs for skilled manual, low- and medium- level non-manual employees were not significant. Controlling for income at the individual level did not substantially alter these findings, neither did potential confounders at the municipality level. Conclusions: The findings suggest that there could be a differential impact from income inequality on risk of death, dependent on individuals' social position.
Bibliographie:istex:9CB24F098C7B9AA60901E37CF2F274E5684615C2
ark:/67375/HXZ-G2CSJFH6-6
ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
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ISSN:1101-1262
1464-360X
DOI:10.1093/eurpub/ckl119