DNA in extracellular vesicles: biological and clinical aspects

The presence of DNA in EVs, including exosomes and microvesicles, remains contentious as this field of study is still evolving. This review explores what is known about the biogenesis of EV‐DNA and the possible biological roles of DNA packaging into EVs. Moreover, we also discuss the potential clini...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecular oncology Vol. 15; no. 6; pp. 1701 - 1714
Main Authors: Elzanowska, Julia, Semira, Christine, Costa‐Silva, Bruno
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.06.2021
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Wiley
Subjects:
Adenocarcinoma
AMP
Apoptosis
Biosynthesis
Blood-brain barrier
cancer
Cell death
cell‐free DNA
Centrifugation
Clinical aspects
Cyclic GMP
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA sequencing
DNA viruses
Epidermal growth factor
Epidermal growth factor receptors
EV‐DNA
Extracellular vesicles
Hepatitis B
Human papillomavirus
infection
Interferon
Lipids
liquid biopsies
Lung cancer
Metastasis
Micronuclei
Mitochondrial DNA
Non-small cell lung carcinoma
Pancreas
Plasma
Polymerase chain reaction
Prostate cancer
Proteins
Review
Reviews
Tumor cell lines
cell-free DNA
infection
cancer
extracellular vesicles
EV-DNA
liquid biopsies
ISSN:1574-7891, 1878-0261, 1878-0261
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:The presence of DNA in EVs, including exosomes and microvesicles, remains contentious as this field of study is still evolving. This review explores what is known about the biogenesis of EV‐DNA and the possible biological roles of DNA packaging into EVs. Moreover, we also discuss the potential clinical applications of EV‐DNA and how those compare to cell‐free DNA. The study of extracellular vesicles (EVs), especially in the liquid biopsy field, has rapidly evolved in recent years. However, most EV studies have focused on RNA or protein content and DNA in EVs (EV‐DNA) has largely been unnoticed. In this review, we compile current evidence regarding EV‐DNA and provide an extensive discussion on EV‐DNA biology. We look into EV‐DNA biogenesis and mechanisms of DNA loading into EVs, as well as describe the particularly significant function of DNA‐carrying EVs in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis, intracellular communication, and immune response modulation. We also examine the current role of EV‐DNA in the clinical setting, specifically in cancer, infections, pregnancy, and prenatal diagnosis.
Bibliography:Julia Elzanowska and Christine Semira contributed equally to this work
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ISSN:1574-7891
1878-0261
1878-0261
DOI:10.1002/1878-0261.12777