Loss of Vaccine-Induced Immunity to Varicella over Time

Active surveillance of a sentinel population of 350,000 persons was performed to determine whether the severity and incidence of breakthrough varicella increased with the time since vaccination. The annual rate of breakthrough disease significantly increased with the time since vaccination, from 1.6...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The New England journal of medicine Vol. 356; no. 11; pp. 1121 - 1129
Main Authors: Chaves, Sandra S, Gargiullo, Paul, Zhang, John X, Civen, Rachel, Guris, Dalya, Mascola, Laurene, Seward, Jane F
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Boston, MA Massachusetts Medical Society 15.03.2007
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Age Distribution
Age of Onset
Biological and medical sciences
Chicken pox
Chickenpox - epidemiology
Chickenpox - immunology
Chickenpox - prevention & control
Chickenpox Vaccine - administration & dosage
Chickenpox Vaccine - immunology
Child
Child, Preschool
General aspects
Health maintenance organizations
Herpesvirus 3, Human - immunology
HMOs
Humans
Immunization, Secondary
Infant
Logistic Models
Medical sciences
Multivariate Analysis
Population Surveillance
Prevention and actions
Public health. Hygiene
Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
Severity of Illness Index
Time Factors
United States - epidemiology
Vaccines
United States
Infection
Medicine
Prevention
Immunoprophylaxis
Skin disease
Viral disease
Loss
Varicella
Vaccine
Immunity
ISSN:0028-4793, 1533-4406, 1533-4406
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Active surveillance of a sentinel population of 350,000 persons was performed to determine whether the severity and incidence of breakthrough varicella increased with the time since vaccination. The annual rate of breakthrough disease significantly increased with the time since vaccination, from 1.6 cases per 1000 person-years within 1 year after vaccination to 9.0 at 5 years and 58.2 at 9 years. A second dose of varicella vaccine is now recommended. The annual rate of breakthrough varicella significantly increased with the time since vaccination, from 1.6 cases per 1000 person-years within 1 year after vaccination to 58.2 at 9 years. The implementation of a universal varicella vaccination program in the United States in 1995 has resulted in a substantial reduction in morbidity, mortality, and health care costs associated with the disease. 1 – 5 Despite this success, however, outbreaks of varicella continue to occur, mostly in highly vaccinated school communities. 6 – 8 Several studies of these school outbreaks have suggested that the time since vaccination may be associated with the risk of breakthrough varicella. 6 – 10 It has been hypothesized that exogenous reexposure to the virus may be needed to boost humoral and cellular immunity to varicella–zoster virus (VZV). 11 As the incidence of varicella . . .
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ISSN:0028-4793
1533-4406
1533-4406
DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa064040