Evolution, global spread, and pathogenicity of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx clade 2.3.4.4

Novel subtypes of Asian-origin (Goose/Guangdong lineage) H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses belonging to clade 2.3.4, such as H5N2, H5N5, H5N6, and H5N8, have been identified in China since 2008 and have since evolved into four genetically distinct clade 2.3.4.4 groups (A-D). Since...

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Published in:Journal of veterinary science (Suwŏn-si, Korea) Vol. 18; no. S1; pp. 269 - 280
Main Authors: Lee, Dong-Hun, Bertran, Kateri, Kwon, Jung-Hoon, Swayne, David E.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Korea (South) 대한수의학회 01.01.2017
The Korean Society of Veterinary Science
Subjects:
Animals
Asia - epidemiology
Birds - virology
China - epidemiology
Disease Outbreaks
Europe - epidemiology
Influenza A Virus, H5N2 Subtype - pathogenicity
Influenza A Virus, H5N8 Subtype - pathogenicity
Influenza in Birds - epidemiology
Influenza in Birds - virology
North America - epidemiology
Poultry - virology
Review
수의학
epidemiology
poultry
influenza in birds
transmission
virulence
ISSN:1229-845X, 1976-555X, 1976-555X
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Novel subtypes of Asian-origin (Goose/Guangdong lineage) H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses belonging to clade 2.3.4, such as H5N2, H5N5, H5N6, and H5N8, have been identified in China since 2008 and have since evolved into four genetically distinct clade 2.3.4.4 groups (A-D). Since 2014, HPAI clade 2.3.4.4 viruses have spread rapidly via migratory wild aquatic birds and have evolved through reassortment with prevailing local low pathogenicity avian influenza viruses. Group A H5N8 viruses and its reassortant viruses caused outbreaks in wide geographic regions (Asia, Europe, and North America) during 2014-2015. Novel reassortant Group B H5N8 viruses caused outbreaks in Asia, Europe, and Africa during 2016-2017. Novel reassortant Group C H5N6 viruses caused outbreaks in Korea and Japan during the 2016-2017 winter season. Group D H5N6 viruses caused outbreaks in China and Vietnam. A wide range of avian species, including wild and domestic waterfowl, domestic poultry, and even zoo birds, seem to be permissive for infection by and/or transmission of clade 2.3.4.4 HPAI viruses. Further, compared to previous H5N1 HPAI viruses, these reassortant viruses show altered pathogenicity in birds. In this review, we discuss the evolution, global spread, and pathogenicity of H5 clade 2.3.4.4 HPAI viruses.
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http://www.vetsci.org/journal/download_pdf.php?spage=269&volume=18&number=1
ISSN:1229-845X
1976-555X
1976-555X
DOI:10.4142/jvs.2017.18.s1.269