Wearable Activity Trackers for Monitoring Adherence to Home Confinement During the COVID-19 Pandemic Worldwide: Data Aggregation and Analysis

In the context of home confinement during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, objective, real-time data are needed to assess populations' adherence to home confinement to adapt policies and control measures accordingly. The aim of this study was to determine whether wearable activity t...

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Published in:	Journal of medical Internet research Vol. 22; no. 6; p. e19787
Main Authors:	Pépin, Jean Louis, Bruno, Rosa Maria, Yang, Rui-Yi, Vercamer, Vincent, Jouhaud, Paul, Escourrou, Pierre, Boutouyrie, Pierre
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Canada JMIR Publications 19.06.2020
Subjects:	Adult Betacoronavirus Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology Coronavirus Infections - prevention & control Coronavirus Infections - transmission COVID-19 Data Aggregation Data Analysis Europe Female Fitness Trackers France Human health and pathology Humans Life Sciences Locomotion Male Middle Aged Pandemics - prevention & control Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology Pneumonia, Viral - prevention & control Pneumonia, Viral - transmission SARS-CoV-2 Short Paper Social Isolation Spain France Europe Spain COVID-19 home confinement wearable activity trackers lockdown wearables monitoring pandemic tracking
ISSN:	1438-8871, 1439-4456, 1438-8871
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Abstract	In the context of home confinement during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, objective, real-time data are needed to assess populations' adherence to home confinement to adapt policies and control measures accordingly. The aim of this study was to determine whether wearable activity trackers could provide information regarding users' adherence to home confinement policies because of their capacity for seamless and continuous monitoring of individuals' natural activity patterns regardless of their location. We analyzed big data from individuals using activity trackers (Withings) that count the wearer's average daily number of steps in a number of representative nations that adopted different modalities of restriction of citizens' activities. Data on the number of steps per day from over 740,000 individuals around the world were analyzed. We demonstrate the physical activity patterns in several representative countries with total, partial, or no home confinement. The decrease in steps per day in regions with strict total home confinement ranged from 25% to 54%. Partial lockdown (characterized by social distancing measures such as school closures, bar and restaurant closures, and cancellation of public meetings but without strict home confinement) does not appear to have a significant impact on people's activity compared to the pre-pandemic period. The absolute level of physical activity under total home confinement in European countries is around twofold that in China. In some countries, such as France and Spain, physical activity started to gradually decrease even before official commitment to lockdown as a result of initial less stringent restriction orders or self-quarantine. However, physical activity began to increase again in the last 2 weeks, suggesting a decrease in compliance with confinement orders. Aggregate analysis of activity tracker data with the potential for daily updates can provide information regarding adherence to home confinement policies.
AbstractList	BackgroundIn the context of home confinement during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, objective, real-time data are needed to assess populations’ adherence to home confinement to adapt policies and control measures accordingly. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine whether wearable activity trackers could provide information regarding users' adherence to home confinement policies because of their capacity for seamless and continuous monitoring of individuals’ natural activity patterns regardless of their location. MethodsWe analyzed big data from individuals using activity trackers (Withings) that count the wearer’s average daily number of steps in a number of representative nations that adopted different modalities of restriction of citizens’ activities. ResultsData on the number of steps per day from over 740,000 individuals around the world were analyzed. We demonstrate the physical activity patterns in several representative countries with total, partial, or no home confinement. The decrease in steps per day in regions with strict total home confinement ranged from 25% to 54%. Partial lockdown (characterized by social distancing measures such as school closures, bar and restaurant closures, and cancellation of public meetings but without strict home confinement) does not appear to have a significant impact on people’s activity compared to the pre-pandemic period. The absolute level of physical activity under total home confinement in European countries is around twofold that in China. In some countries, such as France and Spain, physical activity started to gradually decrease even before official commitment to lockdown as a result of initial less stringent restriction orders or self-quarantine. However, physical activity began to increase again in the last 2 weeks, suggesting a decrease in compliance with confinement orders. ConclusionsAggregate analysis of activity tracker data with the potential for daily updates can provide information regarding adherence to home confinement policies. In the context of home confinement during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, objective, real-time data are needed to assess populations' adherence to home confinement to adapt policies and control measures accordingly.BACKGROUNDIn the context of home confinement during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, objective, real-time data are needed to assess populations' adherence to home confinement to adapt policies and control measures accordingly.The aim of this study was to determine whether wearable activity trackers could provide information regarding users' adherence to home confinement policies because of their capacity for seamless and continuous monitoring of individuals' natural activity patterns regardless of their location.OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to determine whether wearable activity trackers could provide information regarding users' adherence to home confinement policies because of their capacity for seamless and continuous monitoring of individuals' natural activity patterns regardless of their location.We analyzed big data from individuals using activity trackers (Withings) that count the wearer's average daily number of steps in a number of representative nations that adopted different modalities of restriction of citizens' activities.METHODSWe analyzed big data from individuals using activity trackers (Withings) that count the wearer's average daily number of steps in a number of representative nations that adopted different modalities of restriction of citizens' activities.Data on the number of steps per day from over 740,000 individuals around the world were analyzed. We demonstrate the physical activity patterns in several representative countries with total, partial, or no home confinement. The decrease in steps per day in regions with strict total home confinement ranged from 25% to 54%. Partial lockdown (characterized by social distancing measures such as school closures, bar and restaurant closures, and cancellation of public meetings but without strict home confinement) does not appear to have a significant impact on people's activity compared to the pre-pandemic period. The absolute level of physical activity under total home confinement in European countries is around twofold that in China. In some countries, such as France and Spain, physical activity started to gradually decrease even before official commitment to lockdown as a result of initial less stringent restriction orders or self-quarantine. However, physical activity began to increase again in the last 2 weeks, suggesting a decrease in compliance with confinement orders.RESULTSData on the number of steps per day from over 740,000 individuals around the world were analyzed. We demonstrate the physical activity patterns in several representative countries with total, partial, or no home confinement. The decrease in steps per day in regions with strict total home confinement ranged from 25% to 54%. Partial lockdown (characterized by social distancing measures such as school closures, bar and restaurant closures, and cancellation of public meetings but without strict home confinement) does not appear to have a significant impact on people's activity compared to the pre-pandemic period. The absolute level of physical activity under total home confinement in European countries is around twofold that in China. In some countries, such as France and Spain, physical activity started to gradually decrease even before official commitment to lockdown as a result of initial less stringent restriction orders or self-quarantine. However, physical activity began to increase again in the last 2 weeks, suggesting a decrease in compliance with confinement orders.Aggregate analysis of activity tracker data with the potential for daily updates can provide information regarding adherence to home confinement policies.CONCLUSIONSAggregate analysis of activity tracker data with the potential for daily updates can provide information regarding adherence to home confinement policies. In the context of home confinement during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, objective, real-time data are needed to assess populations' adherence to home confinement to adapt policies and control measures accordingly. The aim of this study was to determine whether wearable activity trackers could provide information regarding users' adherence to home confinement policies because of their capacity for seamless and continuous monitoring of individuals' natural activity patterns regardless of their location. We analyzed big data from individuals using activity trackers (Withings) that count the wearer's average daily number of steps in a number of representative nations that adopted different modalities of restriction of citizens' activities. Data on the number of steps per day from over 740,000 individuals around the world were analyzed. We demonstrate the physical activity patterns in several representative countries with total, partial, or no home confinement. The decrease in steps per day in regions with strict total home confinement ranged from 25% to 54%. Partial lockdown (characterized by social distancing measures such as school closures, bar and restaurant closures, and cancellation of public meetings but without strict home confinement) does not appear to have a significant impact on people's activity compared to the pre-pandemic period. The absolute level of physical activity under total home confinement in European countries is around twofold that in China. In some countries, such as France and Spain, physical activity started to gradually decrease even before official commitment to lockdown as a result of initial less stringent restriction orders or self-quarantine. However, physical activity began to increase again in the last 2 weeks, suggesting a decrease in compliance with confinement orders. Aggregate analysis of activity tracker data with the potential for daily updates can provide information regarding adherence to home confinement policies.
Author	Escourrou, Pierre Jouhaud, Paul Bruno, Rosa Maria Pépin, Jean Louis Yang, Rui-Yi Boutouyrie, Pierre Vercamer, Vincent
AuthorAffiliation	7 Université Paris Saclay Paris France 2 EFCR (Cardiovascular and Respiratory Function) Laboratory Grenoble Alpes University Hospital Grenoble France 1 HP2 (Hypoxia and Physio-Pathologies) Laboratory Inserm (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research) U1042 University Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France 3 Inserm (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research) U970 Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris Paris France 4 Université de Paris Paris France 5 Withings Issy les Moulineaux France 6 Hôpital Béclère Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris Paris France
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Cites_doi	10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.13461 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30547-x 10.1126/science.abb8021 10.1080/17461391.2016.1255261 10.2196/15790
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SubjectTerms	Adult Betacoronavirus Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology Coronavirus Infections - prevention & control Coronavirus Infections - transmission COVID-19 Data Aggregation Data Analysis Europe Female Fitness Trackers France Human health and pathology Humans Life Sciences Locomotion Male Middle Aged Pandemics - prevention & control Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology Pneumonia, Viral - prevention & control Pneumonia, Viral - transmission SARS-CoV-2 Short Paper Social Isolation Spain
Title	Wearable Activity Trackers for Monitoring Adherence to Home Confinement During the COVID-19 Pandemic Worldwide: Data Aggregation and Analysis
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