The hepatitis delta virus: Replication and pathogenesis
Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective virus and a satellite of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Its RNA genome is unique among animal viruses, but it shares common features with some plant viroids, including a replication mechanism that uses a host RNA polymerase. In infected cells, HDV genome repl...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of hepatology Jg. 64; H. 1; S. S102 - S116 |
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| Hauptverfasser: | , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Netherlands
Elsevier B.V
01.04.2016
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| ISSN: | 0168-8278, 1600-0641 |
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| Abstract | Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective virus and a satellite of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Its RNA genome is unique among animal viruses, but it shares common features with some plant viroids, including a replication mechanism that uses a host RNA polymerase. In infected cells, HDV genome replication and formation of a nucleocapsid-like ribonucleoprotein (RNP) are independent of HBV. But the RNP cannot exit, and therefore propagate, in the absence of HBV, as the latter supplies the propagation mechanism, from coating the HDV RNP with the HBV envelope proteins for cell egress to delivery of the HDV virions to the human hepatocyte target. HDV is therefore an obligate satellite of HBV; it infects humans either concomitantly with HBV or after HBV infection. HDV affects an estimated 15 to 20million individuals worldwide, and the clinical significance of HDV infection is more severe forms of viral hepatitis – acute or chronic –, and a higher risk of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in comparison to HBV monoinfection. This review covers molecular aspects of HDV replication cycle, including its interaction with the helper HBV and the pathogenesis of infection in humans. |
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| AbstractList | Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective virus and a satellite of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Its RNA genome is unique among animal viruses, but it shares common features with some plant viroids, including a replication mechanism that uses a host RNA polymerase. In infected cells, HDV genome replication and formation of a nucleocapsid-like ribonucleoprotein (RNP) are independent of HBV. But the RNP cannot exit, and therefore propagate, in the absence of HBV, as the latter supplies the propagation mechanism, from coating the HDV RNP with the HBV envelope proteins for cell egress to delivery of the HDV virions to the human hepatocyte target. HDV is therefore an obligate satellite of HBV; it infects humans either concomitantly with HBV or after HBV infection. HDV affects an estimated 15 to 20 million individuals worldwide, and the clinical significance of HDV infection is more severe forms of viral hepatitis--acute or chronic--, and a higher risk of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in comparison to HBV monoinfection. This review covers molecular aspects of HDV replication cycle, including its interaction with the helper HBV and the pathogenesis of infection in humans. Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective virus and a satellite of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Its RNA genome is unique among animal viruses, but it shares common features with some plant viroids, including a replication mechanism that uses a host RNA polymerase. In infected cells, HDV genome replication and formation of a nucleocapsid-like ribonucleoprotein (RNP) are independent of HBV. But the RNP cannot exit, and therefore propagate, in the absence of HBV, as the latter supplies the propagation mechanism, from coating the HDV RNP with the HBV envelope proteins for cell egress to delivery of the HDV virions to the human hepatocyte target. HDV is therefore an obligate satellite of HBV; it infects humans either concomitantly with HBV or after HBV infection. HDV affects an estimated 15 to 20million individuals worldwide, and the clinical significance of HDV infection is more severe forms of viral hepatitis – acute or chronic –, and a higher risk of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in comparison to HBV monoinfection. This review covers molecular aspects of HDV replication cycle, including its interaction with the helper HBV and the pathogenesis of infection in humans. Summary Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective virus and a satellite of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Its RNA genome is unique among animal viruses, but it shares common features with some plant viroids, including a replication mechanism that uses a host RNA polymerase. In infected cells, HDV genome replication and formation of a nucleocapsid-like ribonucleoprotein (RNP) are independent of HBV. But the RNP cannot exit, and therefore propagate, in the absence of HBV, as the latter supplies the propagation mechanism, from coating the HDV RNP with the HBV envelope proteins for cell egress to delivery of the HDV virions to the human hepatocyte target. HDV is therefore an obligate satellite of HBV; it infects humans either concomitantly with HBV or after HBV infection. HDV affects an estimated 15 to 20 million individuals worldwide, and the clinical significance of HDV infection is more severe forms of viral hepatitis – acute or chronic –, and a higher risk of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in comparison to HBV monoinfection. This review covers molecular aspects of HDV replication cycle, including its interaction with the helper HBV and the pathogenesis of infection in humans. |
| Author | Negro, Francesco Sureau, Camille |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Camille surname: Sureau fullname: Sureau, Camille email: csureau@ints.fr organization: Molecular Virology laboratory, Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine (INTS), CNRS INSERM U1134, Paris, France – sequence: 2 givenname: Francesco surname: Negro fullname: Negro, Francesco email: Francesco.Negro@hcuge.ch organization: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27084031$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Copyright | 2016 European Association for the Study of the Liver European Association for the Study of the Liver Copyright © 2016 European Association for the Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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| ISSN | 0168-8278 |
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| Issue | 1 |
| Keywords | ORF S-HDAg HDAg HSPG AGL HCC Hepatocellular carcinoma ADAR SVP L-HDAg Cirrhosis RNP RdRp DIPA Chronic hepatitis NTCP Viroids HDV HBV NES delta-interacting protein A subviral particle hepatitis B virus open reading frame large-HDAg sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide adenosine deaminase acting on RNA heparan sulfate proteoglycan hepatitis delta virus hepatocellular carcinoma ribonucleoprotein hepatitis delta antigen RNA-dependent RNA polymerase nuclear export signal small-HDAg antigenic loop |
| Language | English |
| License | Copyright © 2016 European Association for the Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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| PublicationPlace | Netherlands |
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| PublicationTitle | Journal of hepatology |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | J Hepatol |
| PublicationYear | 2016 |
| Publisher | Elsevier B.V |
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| Snippet | Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective virus and a satellite of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Its RNA genome is unique among animal viruses, but it shares... Summary Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective virus and a satellite of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Its RNA genome is unique among animal viruses, but it... |
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| SubjectTerms | Chronic hepatitis Cirrhosis Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hepatitis D - metabolism Hepatitis D - pathology Hepatitis D - virology Hepatitis Delta Virus - physiology Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatocytes - pathology Hepatocytes - virology Humans RNA, Viral - genetics Virion - genetics Viroids Virus Replication |
| Title | The hepatitis delta virus: Replication and pathogenesis |
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