Questionable Efficacy of Therapeutic Antibodies in the Treatment of Anthrax

Inhalational anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis , a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium, is a highly lethal infection. Antibodies targeting the protective antigen (PA) binding component of the toxins have recently been authorized as an adjunct to antibiotics, although no conclusive evidence demo...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	mSphere Vol. 4; no. 3; pp. e00282 - 19
Main Authors:	Tournier, Jean-Nicolas, Rougeaux, Clémence, Biot, Fabrice V., Goossens, Pierre L.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States American Society for Microbiology 19.06.2019
Subjects:	Animal models Animals Anthrax Anthrax - immunology Anthrax - therapy Antibiotics Antibodies Antibodies, Bacterial Antibodies, Bacterial - therapeutic use Antibodies, Monoclonal Antibodies, Monoclonal - therapeutic use Antigens Antigens, Bacterial Antigens, Bacterial - immunology Antitoxins Antitoxins - therapeutic use Bacillus anthracis Bacillus anthracis - immunology Bacterial Toxins Bacterial Toxins - immunology Disease Models, Animal Drug Evaluation, Preclinical Edema Humans Immunoglobulins Immunotherapy Infections Kinases Life Sciences Monoclonal antibodies Opinion/Hypothesis Patients Protective antigen Respiratory Tract Infections Respiratory Tract Infections - immunology Respiratory Tract Infections - therapy Sepsis Studies Therapeutics and Prevention Toxins Vaccines France United States > US antitoxins anthrax protective antigen toxins monoclonal antibodies
ISSN:	2379-5042, 2379-5042
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Abstract	Inhalational anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis , a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium, is a highly lethal infection. Antibodies targeting the protective antigen (PA) binding component of the toxins have recently been authorized as an adjunct to antibiotics, although no conclusive evidence demonstrates that anthrax antitoxin therapy has any significant benefit. We discuss here the rational basis of anti-PA development regarding the pathogenesis of the disease. Inhalational anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis , a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium, is a highly lethal infection. Antibodies targeting the protective antigen (PA) binding component of the toxins have recently been authorized as an adjunct to antibiotics, although no conclusive evidence demonstrates that anthrax antitoxin therapy has any significant benefit. We discuss here the rational basis of anti-PA development regarding the pathogenesis of the disease. We argue that inductive reasoning may induce therapeutic bias. We identified anthrax animal model analysis as another bias. Further studies are needed to assess the benefit of anti-PA antibodies in the treatment of inhalational anthrax, while a clearer consensus should be established around what evidence should be proven in an anthrax model.
AbstractList	ABSTRACTInhalational anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis, a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium, is a highly lethal infection. Antibodies targeting the protective antigen (PA) binding component of the toxins have recently been authorized as an adjunct to antibiotics, although no conclusive evidence demonstrates that anthrax antitoxin therapy has any significant benefit. We discuss here the rational basis of anti-PA development regarding the pathogenesis of the disease. We argue that inductive reasoning may induce therapeutic bias. We identified anthrax animal model analysis as another bias. Further studies are needed to assess the benefit of anti-PA antibodies in the treatment of inhalational anthrax, while a clearer consensus should be established around what evidence should be proven in an anthrax model. Inhalational anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis , a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium, is a highly lethal infection. Antibodies targeting the protective antigen (PA) binding component of the toxins have recently been authorized as an adjunct to antibiotics, although no conclusive evidence demonstrates that anthrax antitoxin therapy has any significant benefit. We discuss here the rational basis of anti-PA development regarding the pathogenesis of the disease. Inhalational anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis , a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium, is a highly lethal infection. Antibodies targeting the protective antigen (PA) binding component of the toxins have recently been authorized as an adjunct to antibiotics, although no conclusive evidence demonstrates that anthrax antitoxin therapy has any significant benefit. We discuss here the rational basis of anti-PA development regarding the pathogenesis of the disease. We argue that inductive reasoning may induce therapeutic bias. We identified anthrax animal model analysis as another bias. Further studies are needed to assess the benefit of anti-PA antibodies in the treatment of inhalational anthrax, while a clearer consensus should be established around what evidence should be proven in an anthrax model. ABSTRACT Inhalational anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis, a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium, is a highly lethal infection. Antibodies targeting the protective antigen (PA) binding component of the toxins have recently been authorized as an adjunct to antibiotics, although no conclusive evidence demonstrates that anthrax antitoxin therapy has any significant benefit. We discuss here the rational basis of anti-PA development regarding the pathogenesis of the disease. We argue that inductive reasoning may induce therapeutic bias. We identified anthrax animal model analysis as another bias. Further studies are needed to assess the benefit of anti-PA antibodies in the treatment of inhalational anthrax, while a clearer consensus should be established around what evidence should be proven in an anthrax model. Inhalational anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis, a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium, is a highly lethal infection. Antibodies targeting the protective antigen (PA) binding component of the toxins have recently been authorized as an adjunct to antibiotics, although no conclusive evidence demonstrates that anthrax antitoxin therapy has any significant benefit. We discuss here the rational basis of anti-PA development regarding the pathogenesis of the disease. We argue that inductive reasoning may induce therapeutic bias. We identified anthrax animal model analysis as another bias. Further studies are needed to assess the benefit of anti-PA antibodies in the treatment of inhalational anthrax, while a clearer consensus should be established around what evidence should be proven in an anthrax model. Inhalational anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis, a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium, is a highly lethal infection. Antibodies targeting the protective antigen (PA) binding component of the toxins have recently been authorized as an adjunct to antibiotics, although no conclusive evidence demonstrates that anthrax antitoxin therapy has any significant benefit. We discuss here the rational basis of anti-PA development regarding the pathogenesis of the disease. We argue that inductive reasoning may induce therapeutic bias. We identified anthrax animal model analysis as another bias. Further studies are needed to assess the benefit of anti-PA antibodies in the treatment of inhalational anthrax, while a clearer consensus should be established around what evidence should be proven in an anthrax model.Inhalational anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis, a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium, is a highly lethal infection. Antibodies targeting the protective antigen (PA) binding component of the toxins have recently been authorized as an adjunct to antibiotics, although no conclusive evidence demonstrates that anthrax antitoxin therapy has any significant benefit. We discuss here the rational basis of anti-PA development regarding the pathogenesis of the disease. We argue that inductive reasoning may induce therapeutic bias. We identified anthrax animal model analysis as another bias. Further studies are needed to assess the benefit of anti-PA antibodies in the treatment of inhalational anthrax, while a clearer consensus should be established around what evidence should be proven in an anthrax model. Inhalational anthrax caused by , a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium, is a highly lethal infection. Antibodies targeting the protective antigen (PA) binding component of the toxins have recently been authorized as an adjunct to antibiotics, although no conclusive evidence demonstrates that anthrax antitoxin therapy has any significant benefit. We discuss here the rational basis of anti-PA development regarding the pathogenesis of the disease. We argue that inductive reasoning may induce therapeutic bias. We identified anthrax animal model analysis as another bias. Further studies are needed to assess the benefit of anti-PA antibodies in the treatment of inhalational anthrax, while a clearer consensus should be established around what evidence should be proven in an anthrax model. Inhalational anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis, a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium, is a highly lethal infection. Antibodies targeting the protective antigen (PA) binding component of the toxins have recently been authorized as an adjunct to antibiotics, although no conclusive evidence demonstrates that anthrax antitoxin therapy has any significant benefit. We discuss here the rational basis of anti-PA development regarding the pathogenesis of the disease. Inhalational anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis, a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium, is a highly lethal infection. Antibodies targeting the protective antigen (PA) binding component of the toxins have recently been authorized as an adjunct to antibiotics, although no conclusive evidence demonstrates that anthrax antitoxin therapy has any significant benefit. We discuss here the rational basis of anti-PA development regarding the pathogenesis of the disease. We argue that inductive reasoning may induce therapeutic bias. We identified anthrax animal model analysis as another bias. Further studies are needed to assess the benefit of anti-PA antibodies in the treatment of inhalational anthrax, while a clearer consensus should be established around what evidence should be proven in an anthrax model.
Author	Tournier, Jean-Nicolas Goossens, Pierre L. Biot, Fabrice V. Rougeaux, Clémence
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Jean-Nicolas orcidid: 0000-0002-4542-2421 surname: Tournier fullname: Tournier, Jean-Nicolas organization: Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Bacteriology, Anti-infectious Biotherapies, and Immunity Unit, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France, Institut Pasteur, Viral Genomics and Vaccination Unit, CNRS UMR-3569, Paris, France, National Reference Center for Anthrax (CNR-LE Charbon), Brétigny-sur-Orge, France, Ecole du Val-de-Grâce, Paris, France – sequence: 2 givenname: Clémence surname: Rougeaux fullname: Rougeaux, Clémence organization: Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Bacteriology, Anti-infectious Biotherapies, and Immunity Unit, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France – sequence: 3 givenname: Fabrice V. orcidid: 0000-0002-3632-2146 surname: Biot fullname: Biot, Fabrice V. organization: Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Bacteriology, Anti-infectious Biotherapies, and Immunity Unit, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France, National Reference Center for Anthrax (CNR-LE Charbon), Brétigny-sur-Orge, France – sequence: 4 givenname: Pierre L. surname: Goossens fullname: Goossens, Pierre L. organization: Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Bacteriology, Anti-infectious Biotherapies, and Immunity Unit, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France, Institut Pasteur, Yersinia Unit, Paris, France
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31217301$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed https://pasteur.hal.science/pasteur-03293178$$DView record in HAL
BookMark	eNp1kktr3DAUhU1JadI0-66KoZtunOplS9oUhpAXHSil07W4kqVYg225sh2Sf185Mw3JQFcSut850r0677OjPvQ2yz5idI4xEV-7X0Njoz1HiAhSYPkmOyGUy6JEjBy92B9nZ-O4RQjhilQVr95lxxQTzCnCJ9n3n7MdJx960K3NL53zBsxjHly-SeYw2HnyJl_1k9eh9nbMfZ9Pjc030cLU2X5a0FRuIjx8yN46aEd7tl9Ps99Xl5uLm2L94_r2YrUuTEnEVAgNtaiZxk44QYTmwFM_jNYVkYSCRQ4RrblGFeOGU8ORo1Br5rQBbEqgp9ntzrcOsFVD9B3ERxXAq6eDEO8UxPTs1iqtjZNIS8MEYohgIBKYszUWUguocPL6tvMaZt3Z2qSOIrSvTF9Xet-ou3CvqlIwyheDYmfQHMhuVms1wDjZOSpEiaSYi_uF_7K_MIY_y-xV50dj2xZ6G-ZREcIYpkgKntDPB-g2zLFPo10oKRktK5SoTy87eH7Dvz9OANoBJoZxjNY9IxipJUlqnyT1lCSFZZJUBxLjJ1hikmbg2_8L_wIfQM7G
CitedBy_id	crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bpj_2019_08_041 crossref_primary_10_3390_pathogens11101186 crossref_primary_10_3389_fmicb_2020_01731 crossref_primary_10_1186_s42269_024_01203_4 crossref_primary_10_1080_14712598_2020_1801626 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40262_023_01267_x crossref_primary_10_3389_fbioe_2023_1215773 crossref_primary_10_3390_microorganisms8070985 crossref_primary_10_3390_microorganisms8081103
Cites_doi	10.1097/QCO.0000000000000446 10.1186/s40635-015-0043-4 10.1038/nature12510 10.1146/annurev-micro-091014-104523 10.1016/j.mam.2009.07.005 10.1016/S0966-842X(00)01755-8 10.1128/iai.65.12.5171-5175.1997 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01122 10.1089/hs.2015.0032 10.7326/0003-4819-144-4-200602210-00009 10.1038/173869a0 10.1093/cid/cix097 10.1136/bmj.1.2297.16 10.1084/jem.20172295 10.1371/journal.pone.0182879 10.1128/IAI.06340-11 10.1038/srep23346 10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.08.008 10.1126/science.aau1330 10.3201/eid2301.160608 10.1128/AAC.01102-16 10.1128/IAI.00346-09 10.1128/AAC.04606-14 10.3201/eid0706.010604
ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	Copyright © 2019 Tournier et al. Copyright © 2019 Tournier et al. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. Attribution Copyright © 2019 Tournier et al. 2019 Tournier et al.
Copyright_xml	– notice: Copyright © 2019 Tournier et al. – notice: Copyright © 2019 Tournier et al. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. – notice: Attribution – notice: Copyright © 2019 Tournier et al. 2019 Tournier et al.
DBID	AAYXX CITATION CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 3V. 7X7 7XB 8FE 8FH 8FI 8FJ 8FK ABUWG AFKRA AZQEC BBNVY BENPR BHPHI CCPQU DWQXO FYUFA GHDGH GNUQQ HCIFZ K9. LK8 M0S M7P PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PJZUB PKEHL PPXIY PQEST PQGLB PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS 7X8 1XC VOOES 5PM DOA
DOI	10.1128/mSphere.00282-19
DatabaseName	CrossRef Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed ProQuest Central (Corporate) Health & Medical Collection ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016) ProQuest SciTech Collection ProQuest Natural Science Collection Hospital Premium Collection Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016) ProQuest Central ProQuest Central UK/Ireland ProQuest Central Essentials Biological Science Collection ProQuest Central Natural Science Collection ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Central Korea Health Research Premium Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Central Student SciTech Premium Collection ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) ProQuest Biological Science Collection Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition) Biological Science Database ProQuest Central Premium ProQuest One Academic (New) ProQuest Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest One Health & Nursing ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences ProQuest One Academic (retired) ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central China MEDLINE - Academic Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL) Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL) (Open Access) PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle	CrossRef MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest Central Student ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) SciTech Premium Collection ProQuest One Community College ProQuest One Health & Nursing ProQuest Natural Science Collection ProQuest Central China ProQuest Central ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection Health Research Premium Collection Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition) Natural Science Collection ProQuest Central Korea Biological Science Collection ProQuest Central (New) ProQuest Biological Science Collection ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition ProQuest Hospital Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) Biological Science Database ProQuest SciTech Collection ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Health & Medical Complete ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic (New) ProQuest Central (Alumni) MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList	Publicly Available Content Database CrossRef MEDLINE - Academic MEDLINE
Database_xml	– sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website – sequence: 2 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 3 dbid: PIMPY name: ProQuest Publicly Available Content Database url: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod	fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline	Biology
DocumentTitleAlternate	Opinion/Hypothesis
EISSN	2379-5042
EndPage	19
ExternalDocumentID	oai_doaj_org_article_bbcf90b9c4804021a29a4fed189b8a61 PMC6584371 oai:HAL:pasteur-03293178v1 31217301 10_1128_mSphere_00282_19
Genre	Journal Article
GeographicLocations	France United States--US
GeographicLocations_xml	– name: United States--US – name: France
GroupedDBID	0R~ 53G 5VS 7X7 8FE 8FH 8FI 8FJ AAFWJ AAGFI AAUOK AAYXX ABUWG ADBBV AFFHD AFKRA AFPKN ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AOIJS BBNVY BCNDV BENPR BHPHI BPHCQ BVXVI CCPQU CITATION DIK EBS EJD FRP FYUFA GROUPED_DOAJ H13 HCIFZ HMCUK HYE KQ8 LK8 M48 M7P M~E O9- OK1 PGMZT PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PQGLB PQQKQ PROAC R9- RHI RPM RSF UKHRP ALIPV CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 3V. 7XB 8FK AZQEC DWQXO GNUQQ K9. PJZUB PKEHL PPXIY PQEST PQUKI PRINS 7X8 1XC VOOES 5PM
ID	FETCH-LOGICAL-c528t-8bad8d4b1f8f828b7a711243d62923ae0f02bb7b0647c73c70f3adb4fbca1c5a3
IEDL.DBID	DOA
ISICitedReferencesCount	10
ISICitedReferencesURI	http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000475754600059&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN	2379-5042
IngestDate	Fri Oct 03 12:36:40 EDT 2025 Tue Nov 04 01:59:06 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 15:00:41 EST 2025 Sun Nov 09 13:59:58 EST 2025 Tue Oct 07 07:12:42 EDT 2025 Mon Jul 21 06:03:03 EDT 2025 Tue Nov 18 22:14:37 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 03:33:42 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess	true
IsOpenAccess	true
IsPeerReviewed	true
IsScholarly	true
Issue	3
Keywords	antitoxins anthrax protective antigen toxins monoclonal antibodies
Language	English
License	Copyright © 2019 Tournier et al. Attribution: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.
LinkModel	DirectLink
MergedId	FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c528t-8bad8d4b1f8f828b7a711243d62923ae0f02bb7b0647c73c70f3adb4fbca1c5a3
Notes	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 PMCID: PMC6584371 Citation Tournier J-N, Rougeaux C, Biot FV, Goossens PL. 2019. Questionable efficacy of therapeutic antibodies in the treatment of anthrax. mSphere 4:e00282-19. https://doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00282-19.
ORCID	0000-0002-3632-2146 0000-0002-4542-2421
OpenAccessLink	https://doaj.org/article/bbcf90b9c4804021a29a4fed189b8a61
PMID	31217301
PQID	2249943560
PQPubID	2045592
ParticipantIDs	doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_bbcf90b9c4804021a29a4fed189b8a61 pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_6584371 hal_primary_oai_HAL_pasteur_03293178v1 proquest_miscellaneous_2244130987 proquest_journals_2249943560 pubmed_primary_31217301 crossref_primary_10_1128_mSphere_00282_19 crossref_citationtrail_10_1128_mSphere_00282_19
PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	20190619
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2019-06-19
PublicationDate_xml	– month: 6 year: 2019 text: 20190619 day: 19
PublicationDecade	2010
PublicationPlace	United States
PublicationPlace_xml	– name: United States – name: Washington – name: 1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC
PublicationTitle	mSphere
PublicationTitleAlternate	mSphere
PublicationYear	2019
Publisher	American Society for Microbiology
Publisher_xml	– name: American Society for Microbiology
References	Chalmers AF (e_1_3_1_22_2) 1976 e_1_3_1_21_2 Project BioShield Act (e_1_3_1_4_2) 2004 e_1_3_1_23_2 e_1_3_1_24_2 e_1_3_1_8_2 e_1_3_1_7_2 e_1_3_1_9_2 e_1_3_1_20_2 e_1_3_1_3_2 e_1_3_1_6_2 e_1_3_1_5_2 e_1_3_1_25_2 e_1_3_1_26_2 e_1_3_1_2_2 e_1_3_1_27_2 e_1_3_1_13_2 e_1_3_1_12_2 e_1_3_1_11_2 e_1_3_1_10_2 e_1_3_1_17_2 e_1_3_1_16_2 e_1_3_1_15_2 e_1_3_1_14_2 e_1_3_1_19_2 e_1_3_1_18_2
References_xml	– ident: e_1_3_1_7_2 doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000446 – ident: e_1_3_1_27_2 doi: 10.1186/s40635-015-0043-4 – ident: e_1_3_1_18_2 doi: 10.1038/nature12510 – ident: e_1_3_1_10_2 doi: 10.1146/annurev-micro-091014-104523 – ident: e_1_3_1_24_2 doi: 10.1016/j.mam.2009.07.005 – ident: e_1_3_1_12_2 doi: 10.1016/S0966-842X(00)01755-8 – ident: e_1_3_1_14_2 doi: 10.1128/iai.65.12.5171-5175.1997 – ident: e_1_3_1_15_2 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01122 – ident: e_1_3_1_9_2 doi: 10.1089/hs.2015.0032 – volume-title: What is the thing called science? An assessment of the nature and status of science and its methods year: 1976 ident: e_1_3_1_22_2 – ident: e_1_3_1_3_2 doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-144-4-200602210-00009 – ident: e_1_3_1_16_2 doi: 10.1038/173869a0 – ident: e_1_3_1_5_2 doi: 10.1093/cid/cix097 – ident: e_1_3_1_13_2 doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.2297.16 – ident: e_1_3_1_17_2 doi: 10.1084/jem.20172295 – ident: e_1_3_1_6_2 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182879 – ident: e_1_3_1_25_2 doi: 10.1128/IAI.06340-11 – ident: e_1_3_1_19_2 doi: 10.1038/srep23346 – ident: e_1_3_1_26_2 doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.08.008 – ident: e_1_3_1_11_2 doi: 10.1126/science.aau1330 – ident: e_1_3_1_8_2 doi: 10.3201/eid2301.160608 – ident: e_1_3_1_21_2 doi: 10.1128/AAC.01102-16 – ident: e_1_3_1_20_2 doi: 10.1128/IAI.00346-09 – ident: e_1_3_1_23_2 doi: 10.1128/AAC.04606-14 – ident: e_1_3_1_2_2 doi: 10.3201/eid0706.010604 – volume-title: Public law 108-276 year: 2004 ident: e_1_3_1_4_2
SSID	ssj0001626676
Score	2.146538
Snippet	Inhalational anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis , a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium, is a highly lethal infection. Antibodies targeting the protective... Inhalational anthrax caused by , a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium, is a highly lethal infection. Antibodies targeting the protective antigen (PA)... ABSTRACTInhalational anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis, a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium, is a highly lethal infection. Antibodies targeting the... Inhalational anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis, a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium, is a highly lethal infection. Antibodies targeting the protective... ABSTRACT Inhalational anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis, a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium, is a highly lethal infection. Antibodies targeting the...
SourceID	doaj pubmedcentral hal proquest pubmed crossref
SourceType	Open Website Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source
StartPage	e00282
SubjectTerms	Animal models Animals Anthrax Anthrax - immunology Anthrax - therapy Antibiotics Antibodies Antibodies, Bacterial Antibodies, Bacterial - therapeutic use Antibodies, Monoclonal Antibodies, Monoclonal - therapeutic use Antigens Antigens, Bacterial Antigens, Bacterial - immunology Antitoxins Antitoxins - therapeutic use Bacillus anthracis Bacillus anthracis - immunology Bacterial Toxins Bacterial Toxins - immunology Disease Models, Animal Drug Evaluation, Preclinical Edema Humans Immunoglobulins Immunotherapy Infections Kinases Life Sciences Monoclonal antibodies Opinion/Hypothesis Patients Protective antigen Respiratory Tract Infections Respiratory Tract Infections - immunology Respiratory Tract Infections - therapy Sepsis Studies Therapeutics and Prevention Toxins Vaccines
SummonAdditionalLinks	– databaseName: Biological Science Database dbid: M7P link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1ba9RAFB60KvhS7xqtEkEEH8ImmUlm5km20lKwlIIr9G2Yq12oybqXYv99z5lks90KffF1c7Kbzbl9c-bMdwj5VAMILk1lM2lyk0EKcJmsOM-857RmllER4tSSY35yIs7O5GlfcFv0bZXrmBgDtWst1shHkGqkhNxe519nfzKcGoW7q_0IjfvkAbIk0Ni6d7qpsQBar_mwO1mK0e8feFjfd-2TGdLr3MhGkbQfcsw5tkT-izdvt03eyEOHT_73Hzwluz0CTcedyTwj93zznDzqZlJevSDfYwkUC4TmwqcHyDCh7VXahnSyOaqVjpvl1LTYgZhOmxRAZDpZd6yjaBy_oP--JD8PDybfjrJ-4kJmq1IsM2G0E46ZIogASzHDNYfXxqirSwCC2uchL43hBk-oWk4tzwPVzrBgrC5spekrstO0jX9D0iAr6cA8WAkLMlt5A6GF6doCInQV0zIho_WbV7anI8epGBcqLktKoXpdqagrVcAdX4Y7Zh0Vxx2y-6jMQQ5JtOMH7fyX6n1SGWODzI20TEAoKwtdSs2Cd4WQRui6SMhnMIWt7zgaH6uZBv9bzVVOASoVXFyC4N5a46oPAQu1UXdCPg6XwXlxR0Y3vl1FGQQRUvCEvO6Ma_g5ChaN4TchfMvstp5n-0ozPY8E4YgqKS_e3v1Y78hjQH_IQQGOsEd2lvOVf08e2svldDH_ED3pGhEOKXM priority: 102 providerName: ProQuest
Title	Questionable Efficacy of Therapeutic Antibodies in the Treatment of Anthrax
URI	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31217301 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2249943560 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2244130987 https://pasteur.hal.science/pasteur-03293178 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6584371 https://doaj.org/article/bbcf90b9c4804021a29a4fed189b8a61
Volume	4
WOSCitedRecordID	wos000475754600059&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText	1
inHoldings	1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights	– providerCode: PRVAON databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 2379-5042 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0001626676 issn: 2379-5042 databaseCode: DOA dateStart: 20160101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/ providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – providerCode: PRVHPJ databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources customDbUrl: eissn: 2379-5042 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0001626676 issn: 2379-5042 databaseCode: M~E dateStart: 20160101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org providerName: ISSN International Centre – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Biological Science Database customDbUrl: eissn: 2379-5042 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0001626676 issn: 2379-5042 databaseCode: M7P dateStart: 20150101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/biologicalscijournals providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Health & Medical Collection customDbUrl: eissn: 2379-5042 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0001626676 issn: 2379-5042 databaseCode: 7X7 dateStart: 20150101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/healthcomplete providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: ProQuest Central customDbUrl: eissn: 2379-5042 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0001626676 issn: 2379-5042 databaseCode: BENPR dateStart: 20150101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: ProQuest Publicly Available Content Database customDbUrl: eissn: 2379-5042 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0001626676 issn: 2379-5042 databaseCode: PIMPY dateStart: 20150101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent providerName: ProQuest
link	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV3db9MwED_BAIkXNL5GYKuChJB4iJrETmw_dlOnIUYVQZHKk2U7tlZppFPXTuy_5-ykoQVpvPCSB-ecj_M59zvn_DuAdyWC4FwXJhE61Qm6gDoRBWOJtYyU1FDCXahacs4mEz6biWqr1JfPCWvpgVvFDbU2TqRaGMrR3vJM5UJRZ-uMC81VG_gg6tkKpsLqCuL0kvX_JXM-_PHVb9O3beJk4ol1tvxQoOtH73LhkyH_Rpp_JkxueaDTfXjSQcd41D7yU7hnm2fwqC0mefscPoW1S7-ypy9tPPbUEMrcxgsXT3_vsYpHzWquFz51MJ43MaK_eLpJNfeioW6C-vkCvp2OpydnSVcqITFFzlcJ16rmNdWZ4w5jKM0Uw7empC5zRHDKpi7NtWbaby01jBiWOqJqTZ02KjOFIi9hr1k09hXEThSixnGlOUZSprAavwlUlQahXF1QJSIYbhQnTccj7stZXMoQT-RcdqqWQdUywx4f-h5XLYfGHbLHfix6Oc9-HRrQJmRnE_JfNhHBexzJnWucjc7llcKJs17KlCDGyRi_QcHDzWDLbu5eSwQ1QiCKLNMI3vancdb5XymqsYt1kPHeX3AWwUFrG_3tSIZhHn43I2A7VrPzPLtnmvlFYPb2cJCw7PX_UMIbeIzgzlNMoLUfwt5qubZH8NDcrObXywHcZzMWjnwAD47Hk-rLIEyhgc9-rbCt-vi5-v4LIRkhzg
linkProvider	Directory of Open Access Journals
linkToHtml	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Lb9QwEB6VAoILb8pCgSABEodoE-dh-4DQAq222mVViUXqzbUdp12pJMs-Cvun-I2Mncd2QeqtB67xxHGSzzPf2OMZgNcpkmCiEu1zFSgfTUDm84RS3xgapbGOI5a7qiVDOhqxoyN-uAW_m7MwNqyy0YlOUWeltmvkXTQ1nKNtT4MP0x--rRpld1ebEhoVLAZm9RNdtvn7g8_4f98Qsr83_tT366oCvk4IW_hMyYxlsQpzlqO7oaikyDniKEsJkh1pgjwgSlFlT2FqGmka5JHMVJwrLUOdyAj7vQbXkUYQ5kIFD9drOugdpLTdDSWs-_2rTQ5gqnBN36bzuWD9XJEAtGmnNgTzX377d5jmBbu3f_d_-2L34E7NsL1eNSXuw5YpHsDNqubm6iEM3BKvXQBVZ8bbsxk0pF55Ze6N10fRvF6xmKjSRlh6k8JDkuyNm4h8K-rKS8hfj-DblbzJY9guysI8AS_nCc8Q_jFBh1MnRqHqjGWqkfFmSSx5B7rNnxa6Trduq36cCed2ESZqbAiHDRHiHe_aO6ZVqpFLZD9a8LRyNkm4u1DOTkStc4RSOueB4jpmqKpJKAmXcW6ykHHFZBp24C1Cb6OPfm8ophL1y3ImggipYEjZOQruNggTtYqbizW8OvCqbUblZHecZGHKpZOxJIkz2oGdCszt46IQvWE0Lx2gGzDfGM9mSzE5dQnQLWuOaPj08mG9hFv98ZehGB6MBs_gNjJdm28DJ-EubC9mS_McbujzxWQ-e-FmsQfHVz0J_gDujYgO
linkToPdf	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1ZbxMxELZKOcQL9xEoYCRA4mGVXe9h-wGhQBu1ShRFIkh9c22vTSOV3ZCjkL_Gr2PsPdKA1Lc-8Lqevb-Z-cYezyD0JgMSTFSqA65CFYALyAOeUhoYQ-Ms0UnMrO9aMqSjETs-5uMd9LvZC-PSKhub6A11Xmo3R94FV8M5-PYs7No6LWK83_84-xG4DlJupbVpp1FBZGDWPyF8W3w42od__ZaQ_sHk82FQdxgIdErYMmBK5ixPVGSZhdBDUUmBfyRxnhEgPtKENiRKUeV2ZGoaaxraWOYqsUrLSKcyhuteQ9epK1ru0wbHm_kdiBQy2q6MEtb9_sUVCjBV6mbgSvtc8IS-YQD4t1OXjvkv1_07ZfOCD-zf_Z-_3j10p2beuFepyn20Y4oH6GbVi3P9EA381K-bGFVnBh-4yhpSr3Fp8WSzRQ33iuVUlS7zEk8LDOQZT5pMfSfq207IX4_Q1yt5k8dotygL8xRhy1Oeg1okBAJRnRoFJjWRmQYmnKeJ5B3Ubf660HUZdtcN5Ez4cIwwUeNEeJyICM54354xq0qQXCL7yQGplXPFw_2Bcv5N1LZIKKUtDxXXCQMTTiJJuEysySPGFZNZ1EHvAIZb1zjsDcVMgt1ZzUUYA0WMKDsHwb0GbaI2fQuxgVoHvW6HwWi5lShZmHLlZRx54ox20JMK2O3t4giiZHA7HUS3IL_1PNsjxfTUF0Z3bDqm0bPLH-sVugXYF8Oj0eA5ug0E2JXhAH3cQ7vL-cq8QDf0-XK6mL_0Co3RyVXrwB_tsZDL
openUrl	ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Questionable+Efficacy+of+Therapeutic+Antibodies+in+the+Treatment+of+Anthrax&rft.jtitle=mSphere&rft.au=Jean-Nicolas+Tournier&rft.au=Cl%C3%A9mence+Rougeaux&rft.au=Fabrice+V.+Biot&rft.au=Pierre+L.+Goossens&rft.date=2019-06-19&rft.pub=American+Society+for+Microbiology&rft.eissn=2379-5042&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FmSphere.00282-19&rft.externalDBID=DOA&rft.externalDocID=oai_doaj_org_article_bbcf90b9c4804021a29a4fed189b8a61
thumbnail_l	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2379-5042&client=summon
thumbnail_m	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2379-5042&client=summon
thumbnail_s	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2379-5042&client=summon