Burden and Cost of Gastrointestinal, Liver, and Pancreatic Diseases in the United States: Update 2021

Gastrointestinal diseases account for considerable health care use and expenditures. We estimated the annual burden, costs, and research funding associated with gastrointestinal, liver, and pancreatic diseases in the United States. We generated estimates using data from the National Ambulatory Medic...

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Published in:	Gastroenterology (New York, N.Y. 1943) Vol. 162; no. 2; p. 621
Main Authors:	Peery, Anne F, Crockett, Seth D, Murphy, Caitlin C, Jensen, Elizabeth T, Kim, Hannah P, Egberg, Matthew D, Lund, Jennifer L, Moon, Andrew M, Pate, Virginia, Barnes, Edward L, Schlusser, Courtney L, Baron, Todd H, Shaheen, Nicholas J, Sandler, Robert S
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States 01.02.2022
Subjects:	Ambulatory Care - economics Ambulatory Care - statistics & numerical data Biomedical Research - economics Cost of Illness Digestive System Neoplasms - economics Digestive System Neoplasms - epidemiology Endoscopy, Digestive System - economics Endoscopy, Digestive System - statistics & numerical data Gastrointestinal Diseases - economics Gastrointestinal Diseases - epidemiology Health Expenditures - statistics & numerical data Hospitalization - economics Hospitalization - statistics & numerical data Humans Liver Diseases - economics Liver Diseases - epidemiology National Institutes of Health (U.S.) Pancreatic Diseases - economics Pancreatic Diseases - epidemiology Patient Readmission - economics Patient Readmission - statistics & numerical data United States - epidemiology United States Digestive System Diseases Health Care Costs Endoscopy Neoplasms
ISSN:	1528-0012, 1528-0012
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Abstract	Gastrointestinal diseases account for considerable health care use and expenditures. We estimated the annual burden, costs, and research funding associated with gastrointestinal, liver, and pancreatic diseases in the United States. We generated estimates using data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey; National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey; Nationwide Emergency Department Sample; National Inpatient Sample; Kids' Inpatient Database; Nationwide Readmissions Database; Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program; National Vital Statistics System; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research; MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters data; MarketScan Medicare Supplemental data; United Network for Organ Sharing registry; Medical Expenditure Panel Survey; and National Institutes of Health (NIH). Gastrointestinal health care expenditures totaled $119.6 billion in 2018. Annually, there were more than 36.8 million ambulatory visits for gastrointestinal symptoms and 43.4 million ambulatory visits with a primary gastrointestinal diagnosis. Hospitalizations for a principal gastrointestinal diagnosis accounted for more than 3.8 million admissions, with 403,699 readmissions. A total of 22.2 million gastrointestinal endoscopies were performed, and 284,844 new gastrointestinal cancers were diagnosed. Gastrointestinal diseases and cancers caused 255,407 deaths. The NIH supported $3.1 billion (7.5% of the NIH budget) for gastrointestinal research in 2020. Gastrointestinal diseases are responsible for millions of health care encounters and hundreds of thousands of deaths that annually costs billions of dollars in the United States. To reduce the high burden of gastrointestinal diseases, focused clinical and public health efforts, supported by additional research funding, are warranted.
AbstractList	Gastrointestinal diseases account for considerable health care use and expenditures. We estimated the annual burden, costs, and research funding associated with gastrointestinal, liver, and pancreatic diseases in the United States.BACKGROUND & AIMSGastrointestinal diseases account for considerable health care use and expenditures. We estimated the annual burden, costs, and research funding associated with gastrointestinal, liver, and pancreatic diseases in the United States.We generated estimates using data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey; National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey; Nationwide Emergency Department Sample; National Inpatient Sample; Kids' Inpatient Database; Nationwide Readmissions Database; Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program; National Vital Statistics System; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research; MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters data; MarketScan Medicare Supplemental data; United Network for Organ Sharing registry; Medical Expenditure Panel Survey; and National Institutes of Health (NIH).METHODSWe generated estimates using data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey; National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey; Nationwide Emergency Department Sample; National Inpatient Sample; Kids' Inpatient Database; Nationwide Readmissions Database; Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program; National Vital Statistics System; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research; MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters data; MarketScan Medicare Supplemental data; United Network for Organ Sharing registry; Medical Expenditure Panel Survey; and National Institutes of Health (NIH).Gastrointestinal health care expenditures totaled $119.6 billion in 2018. Annually, there were more than 36.8 million ambulatory visits for gastrointestinal symptoms and 43.4 million ambulatory visits with a primary gastrointestinal diagnosis. Hospitalizations for a principal gastrointestinal diagnosis accounted for more than 3.8 million admissions, with 403,699 readmissions. A total of 22.2 million gastrointestinal endoscopies were performed, and 284,844 new gastrointestinal cancers were diagnosed. Gastrointestinal diseases and cancers caused 255,407 deaths. The NIH supported $3.1 billion (7.5% of the NIH budget) for gastrointestinal research in 2020.RESULTSGastrointestinal health care expenditures totaled $119.6 billion in 2018. Annually, there were more than 36.8 million ambulatory visits for gastrointestinal symptoms and 43.4 million ambulatory visits with a primary gastrointestinal diagnosis. Hospitalizations for a principal gastrointestinal diagnosis accounted for more than 3.8 million admissions, with 403,699 readmissions. A total of 22.2 million gastrointestinal endoscopies were performed, and 284,844 new gastrointestinal cancers were diagnosed. Gastrointestinal diseases and cancers caused 255,407 deaths. The NIH supported $3.1 billion (7.5% of the NIH budget) for gastrointestinal research in 2020.Gastrointestinal diseases are responsible for millions of health care encounters and hundreds of thousands of deaths that annually costs billions of dollars in the United States. To reduce the high burden of gastrointestinal diseases, focused clinical and public health efforts, supported by additional research funding, are warranted.CONCLUSIONSGastrointestinal diseases are responsible for millions of health care encounters and hundreds of thousands of deaths that annually costs billions of dollars in the United States. To reduce the high burden of gastrointestinal diseases, focused clinical and public health efforts, supported by additional research funding, are warranted. Gastrointestinal diseases account for considerable health care use and expenditures. We estimated the annual burden, costs, and research funding associated with gastrointestinal, liver, and pancreatic diseases in the United States. We generated estimates using data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey; National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey; Nationwide Emergency Department Sample; National Inpatient Sample; Kids' Inpatient Database; Nationwide Readmissions Database; Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program; National Vital Statistics System; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research; MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters data; MarketScan Medicare Supplemental data; United Network for Organ Sharing registry; Medical Expenditure Panel Survey; and National Institutes of Health (NIH). Gastrointestinal health care expenditures totaled $119.6 billion in 2018. Annually, there were more than 36.8 million ambulatory visits for gastrointestinal symptoms and 43.4 million ambulatory visits with a primary gastrointestinal diagnosis. Hospitalizations for a principal gastrointestinal diagnosis accounted for more than 3.8 million admissions, with 403,699 readmissions. A total of 22.2 million gastrointestinal endoscopies were performed, and 284,844 new gastrointestinal cancers were diagnosed. Gastrointestinal diseases and cancers caused 255,407 deaths. The NIH supported $3.1 billion (7.5% of the NIH budget) for gastrointestinal research in 2020. Gastrointestinal diseases are responsible for millions of health care encounters and hundreds of thousands of deaths that annually costs billions of dollars in the United States. To reduce the high burden of gastrointestinal diseases, focused clinical and public health efforts, supported by additional research funding, are warranted.
Author	Egberg, Matthew D Peery, Anne F Schlusser, Courtney L Crockett, Seth D Baron, Todd H Sandler, Robert S Pate, Virginia Barnes, Edward L Shaheen, Nicholas J Murphy, Caitlin C Jensen, Elizabeth T Lund, Jennifer L Kim, Hannah P Moon, Andrew M
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Anne F surname: Peery fullname: Peery, Anne F email: anne_peery@med.unc.edu organization: Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Electronic address: anne_peery@med.unc.edu – sequence: 2 givenname: Seth D surname: Crockett fullname: Crockett, Seth D organization: Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina – sequence: 3 givenname: Caitlin C surname: Murphy fullname: Murphy, Caitlin C organization: University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas – sequence: 4 givenname: Elizabeth T surname: Jensen fullname: Jensen, Elizabeth T organization: Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina – sequence: 5 givenname: Hannah P surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Hannah P organization: Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina – sequence: 6 givenname: Matthew D surname: Egberg fullname: Egberg, Matthew D organization: Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina – sequence: 7 givenname: Jennifer L surname: Lund fullname: Lund, Jennifer L organization: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina – sequence: 8 givenname: Andrew M surname: Moon fullname: Moon, Andrew M organization: Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina – sequence: 9 givenname: Virginia surname: Pate fullname: Pate, Virginia organization: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina – sequence: 10 givenname: Edward L surname: Barnes fullname: Barnes, Edward L organization: Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina – sequence: 11 givenname: Courtney L surname: Schlusser fullname: Schlusser, Courtney L organization: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina – sequence: 12 givenname: Todd H surname: Baron fullname: Baron, Todd H organization: Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina – sequence: 13 givenname: Nicholas J surname: Shaheen fullname: Shaheen, Nicholas J organization: Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina – sequence: 14 givenname: Robert S surname: Sandler fullname: Sandler, Robert S organization: Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34678215$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Copyright	Copyright © 2022 AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Keywords	Digestive System Diseases Health Care Costs Endoscopy Neoplasms
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SubjectTerms	Ambulatory Care - economics Ambulatory Care - statistics & numerical data Biomedical Research - economics Cost of Illness Digestive System Neoplasms - economics Digestive System Neoplasms - epidemiology Endoscopy, Digestive System - economics Endoscopy, Digestive System - statistics & numerical data Gastrointestinal Diseases - economics Gastrointestinal Diseases - epidemiology Health Expenditures - statistics & numerical data Hospitalization - economics Hospitalization - statistics & numerical data Humans Liver Diseases - economics Liver Diseases - epidemiology National Institutes of Health (U.S.) Pancreatic Diseases - economics Pancreatic Diseases - epidemiology Patient Readmission - economics Patient Readmission - statistics & numerical data United States - epidemiology
Title	Burden and Cost of Gastrointestinal, Liver, and Pancreatic Diseases in the United States: Update 2021
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