The mHealth App Usability Questionnaire (MAUQ): Development and Validation Study
After a mobile health (mHealth) app is created, an important step is to evaluate the usability of the app before it is released to the public. There are multiple ways of conducting a usability study, one of which is collecting target users' feedback with a usability questionnaire. Different gro...
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| Published in: | JMIR mHealth and uHealth Vol. 7; no. 4; p. e11500 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Canada
JMIR Publications
11.04.2019
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| Subjects: | |
| ISSN: | 2291-5222, 2291-5222 |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
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| Abstract | After a mobile health (mHealth) app is created, an important step is to evaluate the usability of the app before it is released to the public. There are multiple ways of conducting a usability study, one of which is collecting target users' feedback with a usability questionnaire. Different groups have used different questionnaires for mHealth app usability evaluation: The commonly used questionnaires are the System Usability Scale (SUS) and Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire (PSSUQ). However, the SUS and PSSUQ were not designed to evaluate the usability of mHealth apps. Self-written questionnaires are also commonly used for evaluation of mHealth app usability but they have not been validated.
The goal of this project was to develop and validate a new mHealth app usability questionnaire.
An mHealth app usability questionnaire (MAUQ) was designed by the research team based on a number of existing questionnaires used in previous mobile app usability studies, especially the well-validated questionnaires. MAUQ, SUS, and PSSUQ were then used to evaluate the usability of two mHealth apps: an interactive mHealth app and a standalone mHealth app. The reliability and validity of the new questionnaire were evaluated. The correlation coefficients among MAUQ, SUS, and PSSUQ were calculated.
In this study, 128 study participants provided responses to the questionnaire statements. Psychometric analysis indicated that the MAUQ has three subscales and their internal consistency reliability is high. The relevant subscales correlated well with the subscales of the PSSUQ. The overall scale also strongly correlated with the PSSUQ and SUS. Four versions of the MAUQ were created in relation to the type of app (interactive or standalone) and target user of the app (patient or provider). A website has been created to make it convenient for mHealth app developers to use this new questionnaire in order to assess the usability of their mHealth apps.
The newly created mHealth app usability questionnaire-MAUQ-has the reliability and validity required to assess mHealth app usability. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | BackgroundAfter a mobile health (mHealth) app is created, an important step is to evaluate the usability of the app before it is released to the public. There are multiple ways of conducting a usability study, one of which is collecting target users’ feedback with a usability questionnaire. Different groups have used different questionnaires for mHealth app usability evaluation: The commonly used questionnaires are the System Usability Scale (SUS) and Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire (PSSUQ). However, the SUS and PSSUQ were not designed to evaluate the usability of mHealth apps. Self-written questionnaires are also commonly used for evaluation of mHealth app usability but they have not been validated. ObjectiveThe goal of this project was to develop and validate a new mHealth app usability questionnaire. MethodsAn mHealth app usability questionnaire (MAUQ) was designed by the research team based on a number of existing questionnaires used in previous mobile app usability studies, especially the well-validated questionnaires. MAUQ, SUS, and PSSUQ were then used to evaluate the usability of two mHealth apps: an interactive mHealth app and a standalone mHealth app. The reliability and validity of the new questionnaire were evaluated. The correlation coefficients among MAUQ, SUS, and PSSUQ were calculated. ResultsIn this study, 128 study participants provided responses to the questionnaire statements. Psychometric analysis indicated that the MAUQ has three subscales and their internal consistency reliability is high. The relevant subscales correlated well with the subscales of the PSSUQ. The overall scale also strongly correlated with the PSSUQ and SUS. Four versions of the MAUQ were created in relation to the type of app (interactive or standalone) and target user of the app (patient or provider). A website has been created to make it convenient for mHealth app developers to use this new questionnaire in order to assess the usability of their mHealth apps. ConclusionsThe newly created mHealth app usability questionnaire—MAUQ—has the reliability and validity required to assess mHealth app usability. After a mobile health (mHealth) app is created, an important step is to evaluate the usability of the app before it is released to the public. There are multiple ways of conducting a usability study, one of which is collecting target users' feedback with a usability questionnaire. Different groups have used different questionnaires for mHealth app usability evaluation: The commonly used questionnaires are the System Usability Scale (SUS) and Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire (PSSUQ). However, the SUS and PSSUQ were not designed to evaluate the usability of mHealth apps. Self-written questionnaires are also commonly used for evaluation of mHealth app usability but they have not been validated. The goal of this project was to develop and validate a new mHealth app usability questionnaire. An mHealth app usability questionnaire (MAUQ) was designed by the research team based on a number of existing questionnaires used in previous mobile app usability studies, especially the well-validated questionnaires. MAUQ, SUS, and PSSUQ were then used to evaluate the usability of two mHealth apps: an interactive mHealth app and a standalone mHealth app. The reliability and validity of the new questionnaire were evaluated. The correlation coefficients among MAUQ, SUS, and PSSUQ were calculated. In this study, 128 study participants provided responses to the questionnaire statements. Psychometric analysis indicated that the MAUQ has three subscales and their internal consistency reliability is high. The relevant subscales correlated well with the subscales of the PSSUQ. The overall scale also strongly correlated with the PSSUQ and SUS. Four versions of the MAUQ were created in relation to the type of app (interactive or standalone) and target user of the app (patient or provider). A website has been created to make it convenient for mHealth app developers to use this new questionnaire in order to assess the usability of their mHealth apps. The newly created mHealth app usability questionnaire-MAUQ-has the reliability and validity required to assess mHealth app usability. Background: After a mobile health (mHealth) app is created, an important step is to evaluate the usability of the app before it is released to the public. There are multiple ways of conducting a usability study, one of which is collecting target users’ feedback with a usability questionnaire. Different groups have used different questionnaires for mHealth app usability evaluation: The commonly used questionnaires are the System Usability Scale (SUS) and Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire (PSSUQ). However, the SUS and PSSUQ were not designed to evaluate the usability of mHealth apps. Self-written questionnaires are also commonly used for evaluation of mHealth app usability but they have not been validated. Objective: The goal of this project was to develop and validate a new mHealth app usability questionnaire. Methods: An mHealth app usability questionnaire (MAUQ) was designed by the research team based on a number of existing questionnaires used in previous mobile app usability studies, especially the well-validated questionnaires. MAUQ, SUS, and PSSUQ were then used to evaluate the usability of two mHealth apps: an interactive mHealth app and a standalone mHealth app. The reliability and validity of the new questionnaire were evaluated. The correlation coefficients among MAUQ, SUS, and PSSUQ were calculated. Results: In this study, 128 study participants provided responses to the questionnaire statements. Psychometric analysis indicated that the MAUQ has three subscales and their internal consistency reliability is high. The relevant subscales correlated well with the subscales of the PSSUQ. The overall scale also strongly correlated with the PSSUQ and SUS. Four versions of the MAUQ were created in relation to the type of app (interactive or standalone) and target user of the app (patient or provider). A website has been created to make it convenient for mHealth app developers to use this new questionnaire in order to assess the usability of their mHealth apps. Conclusions: The newly created mHealth app usability questionnaire—MAUQ—has the reliability and validity required to assess mHealth app usability. After a mobile health (mHealth) app is created, an important step is to evaluate the usability of the app before it is released to the public. There are multiple ways of conducting a usability study, one of which is collecting target users' feedback with a usability questionnaire. Different groups have used different questionnaires for mHealth app usability evaluation: The commonly used questionnaires are the System Usability Scale (SUS) and Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire (PSSUQ). However, the SUS and PSSUQ were not designed to evaluate the usability of mHealth apps. Self-written questionnaires are also commonly used for evaluation of mHealth app usability but they have not been validated.BACKGROUNDAfter a mobile health (mHealth) app is created, an important step is to evaluate the usability of the app before it is released to the public. There are multiple ways of conducting a usability study, one of which is collecting target users' feedback with a usability questionnaire. Different groups have used different questionnaires for mHealth app usability evaluation: The commonly used questionnaires are the System Usability Scale (SUS) and Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire (PSSUQ). However, the SUS and PSSUQ were not designed to evaluate the usability of mHealth apps. Self-written questionnaires are also commonly used for evaluation of mHealth app usability but they have not been validated.The goal of this project was to develop and validate a new mHealth app usability questionnaire.OBJECTIVEThe goal of this project was to develop and validate a new mHealth app usability questionnaire.An mHealth app usability questionnaire (MAUQ) was designed by the research team based on a number of existing questionnaires used in previous mobile app usability studies, especially the well-validated questionnaires. MAUQ, SUS, and PSSUQ were then used to evaluate the usability of two mHealth apps: an interactive mHealth app and a standalone mHealth app. The reliability and validity of the new questionnaire were evaluated. The correlation coefficients among MAUQ, SUS, and PSSUQ were calculated.METHODSAn mHealth app usability questionnaire (MAUQ) was designed by the research team based on a number of existing questionnaires used in previous mobile app usability studies, especially the well-validated questionnaires. MAUQ, SUS, and PSSUQ were then used to evaluate the usability of two mHealth apps: an interactive mHealth app and a standalone mHealth app. The reliability and validity of the new questionnaire were evaluated. The correlation coefficients among MAUQ, SUS, and PSSUQ were calculated.In this study, 128 study participants provided responses to the questionnaire statements. Psychometric analysis indicated that the MAUQ has three subscales and their internal consistency reliability is high. The relevant subscales correlated well with the subscales of the PSSUQ. The overall scale also strongly correlated with the PSSUQ and SUS. Four versions of the MAUQ were created in relation to the type of app (interactive or standalone) and target user of the app (patient or provider). A website has been created to make it convenient for mHealth app developers to use this new questionnaire in order to assess the usability of their mHealth apps.RESULTSIn this study, 128 study participants provided responses to the questionnaire statements. Psychometric analysis indicated that the MAUQ has three subscales and their internal consistency reliability is high. The relevant subscales correlated well with the subscales of the PSSUQ. The overall scale also strongly correlated with the PSSUQ and SUS. Four versions of the MAUQ were created in relation to the type of app (interactive or standalone) and target user of the app (patient or provider). A website has been created to make it convenient for mHealth app developers to use this new questionnaire in order to assess the usability of their mHealth apps.The newly created mHealth app usability questionnaire-MAUQ-has the reliability and validity required to assess mHealth app usability.CONCLUSIONSThe newly created mHealth app usability questionnaire-MAUQ-has the reliability and validity required to assess mHealth app usability. |
| Author | Parmanto, Bambang Saptono, Andi Bao, Jie Setiawan, I Made Agus Zhou, Leming |
| AuthorAffiliation | 1 Department of Health Information Management University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA United States 2 Department of Computer Science Udayana University Badung, Bali Indonesia |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 2 Department of Computer Science Udayana University Badung, Bali Indonesia – name: 1 Department of Health Information Management University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA United States |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Leming orcidid: 0000-0003-4398-0267 surname: Zhou fullname: Zhou, Leming – sequence: 2 givenname: Jie orcidid: 0000-0002-1608-7214 surname: Bao fullname: Bao, Jie – sequence: 3 givenname: I Made Agus orcidid: 0000-0001-8383-8471 surname: Setiawan fullname: Setiawan, I Made Agus – sequence: 4 givenname: Andi orcidid: 0000-0002-0933-8150 surname: Saptono fullname: Saptono, Andi – sequence: 5 givenname: Bambang orcidid: 0000-0002-4907-8402 surname: Parmanto fullname: Parmanto, Bambang |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30973342$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Cites_doi | 10.2196/mhealth.2391 10.5195/ijt.2013.6116 10.1080/10447319509526110 10.1056/NEJMp1713180 10.1016/j.jbi.2013.08.001 10.2196/mhealth.8851 10.2196/jmir.1912 10.1080/10447318.2002.9669130 10.1136/amiajnl-2013-001811 10.5195/ijt.2016.6196 10.2196/jmir.1909 10.1080/00140139.2015.1013577 10.1016/B978-044481862-1.50075-3 10.1016/j.pmrj.2017.02.018 10.2307/249008 10.1186/s40064-016-2171-z 10.2196/mhealth.7136 10.1145/57167.57203 10.2196/resprot.7826 10.1186/s12911-015-0237-4 10.2196/mhealth.5849 10.2196/mhealth.3422 10.1186/2194-0827-1-1 10.2196/mhealth.4924 |
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| Copyright | Leming Zhou, Jie Bao, I Made Agus Setiawan, Andi Saptono, Bambang Parmanto. Originally published in JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 11.04.2019. 2019. This work is licensed under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. Leming Zhou, Jie Bao, I Made Agus Setiawan, Andi Saptono, Bambang Parmanto. Originally published in JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 11.04.2019. 2019 |
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| License | Leming Zhou, Jie Bao, I Made Agus Setiawan, Andi Saptono, Bambang Parmanto. Originally published in JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 11.04.2019. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR mhealth and uhealth, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://mhealth.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included. |
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| References | ref35 ref12 ref15 ref37 Ntawanga, F (ref10) 2015; 7 ref14 ref36 ref30 ref11 Coleman, N (ref19) 1993 ref2 ref1 ref17 ref16 Landauer, T (ref34) 1997 Nielsen, J (ref25) 1993 Brooke, J (ref13) 1996 ref24 ref26 ref20 Lund, A (ref18) 2001; 8 ref22 Tabachnick, B (ref33) 2001 ref21 Costello, AB (ref32) 2005; 10 Hart, S (ref23) 1988 ref28 Sauro, J (ref31) 2019 ref27 ref29 ref7 ref9 ref4 ref3 ref6 ref5 cr-split#-ref8.1 cr-split#-ref8.2 |
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