Improving acute kidney injury diagnostic precision using biomarkers

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in hospitalized patients of all ages and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Accurate prediction and early identification of AKI is of utmost importance because no therapy exists to mitigate AKI once it has occurred. Yet, serum creatinine lacks...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Practical laboratory medicine Vol. 30; p. e00272
Main Authors: Hasson, Denise, Menon, Shina, Gist, Katja M.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.05.2022
Elsevier
Subjects:
Acute kidney injury
Biomarkers
Phenotype
Precision medicine
Special issue on Advances in Laboratory Detection of Acute Kidney Injury edited by Joe El-Khoury
Biomarkers
Phenotype
Precision medicine
Acute kidney injury
ISSN:2352-5517, 2352-5517
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in hospitalized patients of all ages and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Accurate prediction and early identification of AKI is of utmost importance because no therapy exists to mitigate AKI once it has occurred. Yet, serum creatinine lacks adequate sensitivity and specificity, and quantification of urine output is challenging in incontinent children without indwelling bladder catheters. Integration of clinically available biomarkers have the potential to delineate unique AKI phenotypes that could have important prognostic and therapeutic implications. Plasma Cystatin C, urine neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) and the urinary product of tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase (TIMP-2) and insulin growth factor binding protein-7 (IGFBP7) are clinically available. These biomarkers have been studied in heterogenous populations across the age spectrum and in a variety of clinical settings for prediction of AKI. The purpose of this review is to describe and discuss the clinically available AKI biomarkers including how they have been used to delineate AKI phenotypes.
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ISSN:2352-5517
2352-5517
DOI:10.1016/j.plabm.2022.e00272