Next-Generation in vivo Modeling of Human Cancers

Animal models of human cancers played a major role in our current understanding of tumor biology. In pre-clinical oncology, animal models empowered drug target and biomarker discovery and validation. In turn, this resulted in improved care for cancer patients. In the quest for understanding and trea...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in oncology Vol. 8; p. 429
Main Author: Gargiulo, Gaetano
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 10.10.2018
Subjects:
biomarker discovery
cancer
CRISPR/Cas9
mouse models
Oncology
single-cell genomics
targeted therapies
mouse models
preclinical models
patient-derived xenografts (PDX)
CRISPR/Cas9
targeted therapies
single-cell genomics
cancer
biomarker discovery
ISSN:2234-943X, 2234-943X
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Animal models of human cancers played a major role in our current understanding of tumor biology. In pre-clinical oncology, animal models empowered drug target and biomarker discovery and validation. In turn, this resulted in improved care for cancer patients. In the quest for understanding and treating a diverse spectrum of cancer types, technological breakthroughs in genetic engineering and single cell "omics" offer tremendous potential to enhance the informative value of pre-clinical models. Here, I review the state-of-the-art in modeling human cancers with focus on animal models for human malignant gliomas. The review highlights the use of glioma models in dissecting mechanisms of tumor initiation, in the retrospective identification of tumor cell-of-origin, in understanding tumor heterogeneity and in testing the potential of immuno-oncology. I build on the deep review of glioma models as a basis for a more general discussion of the potential ways in which transformative technologies may shape the next-generation of pre-clinical models. I argue that refining animal models along the proposed lines will benefit the success rate of translation for pre-clinical research in oncology.
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Edited by: Danilo Maddalo, Novartis, Switzerland
Reviewed by: Giovanni Migliaccio, Consorzio per Valutazioni Biologiche e Farmacologiche, Italy; Lilian Varricchio, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, United States
This article was submitted to Cancer Molecular Targets and Therapeutics, a section of the journal Frontiers in Oncology
ISSN:2234-943X
2234-943X
DOI:10.3389/fonc.2018.00429