The Cloud Feedback Model Intercomparison Project (CFMIP) contribution to CMIP6

The primary objective of CFMIP is to inform future assessments of cloud feedbacks through improved understanding of cloud-climate feedback mechanisms and better evaluation of cloud processes and cloud feedbacks in climate models. However, the CFMIP approach is also increasingly being used to underst...

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Vydáno v:	Geoscientific Model Development Ročník 10; číslo 1; s. 359 - 384
Hlavní autoři:	Webb, Mark J., Andrews, Timothy, Bodas-Salcedo, Alejandro, Bony, Sandrine, Bretherton, Christopher S., Chadwick, Robin, Chepfer, Helene, Douville, Herve, Good, Peter, Kay, Jennifer E., Tselioudis, George
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Goddard Space Flight Center Copernicus Publications 25.01.2017 Copernicus GmbH European Geosciences Union
Témata:	Atmospheric circulation Atmospheric models Carbon dioxide Climate change Climate models Climate prediction Climate sensitivity Climate system Clouds Community support Computer Programming And Software Computer simulation Cooling effects Decks Earth Sciences ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Equilibrium Experiments Feedback Future climates General circulation models GEOSCIENCES Global warming Greenhouse effect Humidity Intercomparison Meteorology Meteorology And Climatology open climate campaign Precipitation Questions Regional climates Sciences of the Universe Sea surface Sea surface warming Sensitivity Simulation Simulators Surface temperature Climate Models Climate Sensitivity Climate Change Feedback Nonlinearity Atmospheric Circulation Diagnosis Carbon Dioxide
ISSN:	1991-9603, 1991-962X, 1991-959X, 1991-9603, 1991-962X, 1991-959X
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Popis
Shrnutí:	The primary objective of CFMIP is to inform future assessments of cloud feedbacks through improved understanding of cloud-climate feedback mechanisms and better evaluation of cloud processes and cloud feedbacks in climate models. However, the CFMIP approach is also increasingly being used to understand other aspects of climate change, and so a second objective has now been introduced, to improve understanding of circulation, regional-scale precipitation, and non-linear changes. CFMIP is supporting ongoing model inter-comparison activities by coordinating a hierarchy of targeted experiments for CMIP6, along with a set of cloud-related output diagnostics. CFMIP contributes primarily to addressing the CMIP6 questions 'How does the Earth system respond to forcing?' and 'What are the origins and consequences of systematic model biases?' and supports the activities of the WCRP Grand Challenge on Clouds, Circulation and Climate Sensitivity. A compact set of Tier 1 experiments is proposed for CMIP6 to address this question: (1) what are the physical mechanisms underlying the range of cloud feedbacks and cloud adjustments predicted by climate models, and which models have the most credible cloud feedbacks? Additional Tier 2 experiments are proposed to address the following questions. (2) Are cloud feedbacks consistent for climate cooling and warming, and if not, why? (3) How do cloud-radiative effects impact the structure, the strength and the variability of the general atmospheric circulation in present and future climates? (4) How do responses in the climate system due to changes in solar forcing differ from changes due to CO2, and is the response sensitive to the sign of the forcing? (5) To what extent is regional climate change per CO2 doubling state-dependent (non-linear), and why? (6) Are climate feedbacks during the 20th century different to those acting on long-term climate change and climate sensitivity? (7) How do regional climate responses (e.g. in precipitation) and their uncertainties in coupled models arise from the combination of different aspects of CO2 forcing and sea surface warming? CFMIP also proposes a number of additional model outputs in the CMIP DECK, CMIP6 Historical and CMIP6 CFMIP experiments, including COSP simulator outputs and process diagnostics to address the following questions. 1. How well do clouds and other relevant variables simulated by models agree with observations? 2. What physical processes and mechanisms are important for a credible simulation of clouds, cloud feedbacks and cloud adjustments in climate models? 3. Which models have the most credible representations of processes relevant to the simulation of clouds? 4. How do clouds and their changes interact with other elements of the climate system?
Bibliografie:	GSFC E-ISSN: 1991-9603 Report Number: GSFC-E-DAA-TN39012 GSFC-E-DAA-TN39012 Goddard Space Flight Center ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 AC52-07NA27344 USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) LLNL-JRNL-686911
ISSN:	1991-9603 1991-962X 1991-959X 1991-9603 1991-962X 1991-959X
DOI:	10.5194/gmd-10-359-2017