Age-Related Changes in Glucose Metabolism, Hyperglycemia, and Cardiovascular Risk

Aging and diabetes mellitus are 2 well-known risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). During the past 50 years, there has been an dramatic increase in life expectancy with a simultaneous increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the older population. This large number of older individ...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Circulation research Vol. 123; no. 7; p. 886
Main Authors: Chia, Chee W, Egan, Josephine M, Ferrucci, Luigi
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 14.09.2018
Subjects:
Adipose Tissue - metabolism
Adipose Tissue - physiopathology
Adiposity
Age Factors
Aging - blood
Animals
Biomarkers - blood
Blood Glucose - metabolism
Cardiovascular Diseases - blood
Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology
Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology
Health Status
Humans
Hyperglycemia - blood
Hyperglycemia - epidemiology
Hyperglycemia - physiopathology
Insulin - blood
Insulin Resistance
Models, Biological
Obesity - blood
Obesity - epidemiology
Obesity - physiopathology
Prevalence
Prognosis
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
risk factors
diabetes mellitus
aging
cardiovascular diseases
obesity
ISSN:1524-4571, 1524-4571
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:Aging and diabetes mellitus are 2 well-known risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). During the past 50 years, there has been an dramatic increase in life expectancy with a simultaneous increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the older population. This large number of older individuals with diabetes mellitus is problematic given that CVD risk associated with aging and diabetes mellitus. In this review, we summarize epidemiological data relating to diabetes mellitus and CVD, with an emphasis on the aging population. We then present data on hyperglycemia as a risk factor for CVD and review the current knowledge of age-related changes in glucose metabolism. Next, we review the role of obesity in the pathogenesis of age-related glucose dysregulation, followed by a summary of the results from major randomized controlled trials that focus on cardiovascular risk reduction through glycemic control, with a special emphasis on older adults. We then conclude with our proposed model of aging that body composition changes and insulin resistance link possible dysregulation of physiological pathways leading to obesity and diabetes mellitus-both forms of accelerated aging-and risks for CVD.
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ISSN:1524-4571
1524-4571
DOI:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.118.312806