Organophosphate-induced brain damage: Mechanisms, neuropsychiatric and neurological consequences, and potential therapeutic strategies

Organophosphate (OP)-induced brain damage is defined as progressive damage to the brain, resulting from the cholinergic neuronal excitotoxicity and dysfunction induced by OP-induced irreversible AChE inhibition. This delayed secondary neuronal damage that occurs mainly in the cholinergic regions of...

Celý popis

Uloženo v:

Podrobná bibliografie
Vydáno v:	Neurotoxicology (Park Forest South) Ročník 33; číslo 3; s. 391 - 400
Hlavní autor:	Chen, Yun
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 01.06.2012 Elsevier
Témata:	Acetylcholinesterase Acetylcholinesterase - metabolism Animals Antidotes - therapeutic use Biological and medical sciences Brain - drug effects Brain - enzymology Brain - pathology Brain - physiopathology Cholinergic neuronal excitotoxicity Cholinesterase Inhibitors - poisoning Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists - therapeutic use Humans Medical sciences Nerve agents Neurological impairments Neuroprotective Agents - therapeutic use Neuroprotective strategies Neuropsychiatric disorders Neurotoxicity Syndromes - diagnosis Neurotoxicity Syndromes - enzymology Neurotoxicity Syndromes - etiology Neurotoxicity Syndromes - physiopathology Neurotoxicity Syndromes - psychology Neurotoxicity Syndromes - therapy Organophosphate Poisoning Organophosphates Secondary neuronal damage Toxicology Treatment Outcome Neuroprotective strategies Neuropsychiatric disorders Secondary neuronal damage Acetylcholinesterase Nerve agents Cholinergic neuronal excitotoxicity Neurological impairments Organophosphates Neuroprotection Toxicity Nervous system Esterases Mechanism of action Nervous system diseases Secondary Enzyme Neuroprotective agent Carboxylic ester hydrolases Cerebral disorder Toxin Neuron Treatment Central nervous system disease Neurotoxin Mental disorder Hydrolases Organophosphorus compounds Lesion
ISSN:	0161-813X, 1872-9711, 1872-9711
On-line přístup:	Získat plný text
Tagy:	Přidat tag Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!

Popis
Shrnutí:	Organophosphate (OP)-induced brain damage is defined as progressive damage to the brain, resulting from the cholinergic neuronal excitotoxicity and dysfunction induced by OP-induced irreversible AChE inhibition. This delayed secondary neuronal damage that occurs mainly in the cholinergic regions of the brain that contain dense accumulations of cholinergic neurons and the majority of cholinergic projection, might be largely responsible for persistent profound neuropsychiatric and neurological impairments (memory, cognitive, mental, emotional, motor and sensory deficits) in the victims of OP poisoning. Neuroprotective strategies for attenuating OP-induced brain damage should target different development stages of OP-induced brain damage, and may include but not limited to: (1) Antidote therapies with atropine and related efficient anticholinergic drugs; (2) Anti-excitotoxic therapies targeting attenuation of cerebral edema and inflammatory reaction, blockage of calcium influx, inhibition of apoptosis program, and the control of seizures; (3) Neuroprotective strategies using cytokines, antioxidants and NMDAR antagonists (a single drug or a combination of drugs) to slow down the process of secondary neuronal damage; and (4) Therapies targeting individual symptoms or clusters of chronic neuropsychiatric and neurological symptoms. These neuroprotective strategies may help limit or prevent secondary neuronal damage at the early stage of OP poisoning and attenuate the subsequent neuropsychiatric and neurological impairments, thus reducing the long-term disability caused by exposure to OPs.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1
ISSN:	0161-813X 1872-9711 1872-9711
DOI:	10.1016/j.neuro.2012.03.011