An overview of microneedle applications, materials, and fabrication methods

Microneedle-based microdevices promise to expand the scope for delivery of vaccines and therapeutic agents through the skin and withdrawing biofluids for point-of-care diagnostics – so-called theranostics. Unskilled and painless applications of microneedle patches for blood collection or drug delive...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Beilstein journal of nanotechnology Jg. 12; H. 1; S. 1034 - 1046
Hauptverfasser:	Faraji Rad, Zahra, Prewett, Philip D, Davies, Graham J
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Frankfurt am Main Beilstein-Institut zur Föerderung der Chemischen Wissenschaften 13.09.2021 Beilstein-Institut
Schlagworte:	Chemical compounds Coronaviruses Design drug delivery Drug delivery systems Drug dosages Hydrogels Hypodermic needles Influenza Manufacturing Materials selection Medical equipment Medical research Medical screening Microelectromechanical systems microelectromechanical systems (mems) microfabrication microneedles Molecular weight Nanoscience Nanotechnology Needles Pain Pharmacokinetics Pharmacology Point of care testing point-of-care diagnostics Production methods Review Skin Three dimensional printing Vaccines
ISSN:	2190-4286, 2190-4286
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Abstract	Microneedle-based microdevices promise to expand the scope for delivery of vaccines and therapeutic agents through the skin and withdrawing biofluids for point-of-care diagnostics – so-called theranostics. Unskilled and painless applications of microneedle patches for blood collection or drug delivery are two of the advantages of microneedle arrays over hypodermic needles. Developing the necessary microneedle fabrication processes has the potential to dramatically impact the health care delivery system by changing the landscape of fluid sampling and subcutaneous drug delivery. Microneedle designs which range from sub-micron to millimetre feature sizes are fabricated using the tools of the microelectronics industry from metals, silicon, and polymers. Various types of subtractive and additive manufacturing processes have been used to manufacture microneedles, but the development of microneedle-based systems using conventional subtractive methods has been constrained by the limitations and high cost of microfabrication technology. Additive manufacturing processes such as 3D printing and two-photon polymerization fabrication are promising transformative technologies developed in recent years. The present article provides an overview of microneedle systems applications, designs, material selection, and manufacturing methods.
AbstractList	Microneedle-based microdevices promise to expand the scope for delivery of vaccines and therapeutic agents through the skin and withdrawing biofluids for point-of-care diagnostics – so-called theranostics. Unskilled and painless applications of microneedle patches for blood collection or drug delivery are two of the advantages of microneedle arrays over hypodermic needles. Developing the necessary microneedle fabrication processes has the potential to dramatically impact the health care delivery system by changing the landscape of fluid sampling and subcutaneous drug delivery. Microneedle designs which range from sub-micron to millimetre feature sizes are fabricated using the tools of the microelectronics industry from metals, silicon, and polymers. Various types of subtractive and additive manufacturing processes have been used to manufacture microneedles, but the development of microneedle-based systems using conventional subtractive methods has been constrained by the limitations and high cost of microfabrication technology. Additive manufacturing processes such as 3D printing and two-photon polymerization fabrication are promising transformative technologies developed in recent years. The present article provides an overview of microneedle systems applications, designs, material selection, and manufacturing methods. Microneedle-based microdevices promise to expand the scope for delivery of vaccines and therapeutic agents through the skin and withdrawing biofluids for point-of-care diagnostics - so-called theranostics. Unskilled and painless applications of microneedle patches for blood collection or drug delivery are two of the advantages of microneedle arrays over hypodermic needles. Developing the necessary microneedle fabrication processes has the potential to dramatically impact the health care delivery system by changing the landscape of fluid sampling and subcutaneous drug delivery. Microneedle designs which range from sub-micron to millimetre feature sizes are fabricated using the tools of the microelectronics industry from metals, silicon, and polymers. Various types of subtractive and additive manufacturing processes have been used to manufacture microneedles, but the development of microneedle-based systems using conventional subtractive methods has been constrained by the limitations and high cost of microfabrication technology. Additive manufacturing processes such as 3D printing and two-photon polymerization fabrication are promising transformative technologies developed in recent years. The present article provides an overview of microneedle systems applications, designs, material selection, and manufacturing methods.Microneedle-based microdevices promise to expand the scope for delivery of vaccines and therapeutic agents through the skin and withdrawing biofluids for point-of-care diagnostics - so-called theranostics. Unskilled and painless applications of microneedle patches for blood collection or drug delivery are two of the advantages of microneedle arrays over hypodermic needles. Developing the necessary microneedle fabrication processes has the potential to dramatically impact the health care delivery system by changing the landscape of fluid sampling and subcutaneous drug delivery. Microneedle designs which range from sub-micron to millimetre feature sizes are fabricated using the tools of the microelectronics industry from metals, silicon, and polymers. Various types of subtractive and additive manufacturing processes have been used to manufacture microneedles, but the development of microneedle-based systems using conventional subtractive methods has been constrained by the limitations and high cost of microfabrication technology. Additive manufacturing processes such as 3D printing and two-photon polymerization fabrication are promising transformative technologies developed in recent years. The present article provides an overview of microneedle systems applications, designs, material selection, and manufacturing methods.
Author	Faraji Rad, Zahra Prewett, Philip D Davies, Graham J
AuthorAffiliation	1 School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, QLD 4300, Australia 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom 4 Faculty of Engineering, UNSW Australia, NSW 2052, Australia 5 College of Engineering & Physical Sciences, School of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom 3 Oxacus Ltd, Dorchester-on-Thames, OX10 7HN, United Kingdom
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom – name: 4 Faculty of Engineering, UNSW Australia, NSW 2052, Australia – name: 1 School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, QLD 4300, Australia – name: 3 Oxacus Ltd, Dorchester-on-Thames, OX10 7HN, United Kingdom – name: 5 College of Engineering & Physical Sciences, School of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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Copyright	Copyright © 2021, Faraji Rad et al. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. Copyright © 2021, Faraji Rad et al. Copyright © 2021, Faraji Rad et al. 2021 Faraji Rad et al.
Copyright_xml	– notice: Copyright © 2021, Faraji Rad et al. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. – notice: Copyright © 2021, Faraji Rad et al. – notice: Copyright © 2021, Faraji Rad et al. 2021 Faraji Rad et al.
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Snippet	Microneedle-based microdevices promise to expand the scope for delivery of vaccines and therapeutic agents through the skin and withdrawing biofluids for...
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SubjectTerms	Chemical compounds Coronaviruses Design drug delivery Drug delivery systems Drug dosages Hydrogels Hypodermic needles Influenza Manufacturing Materials selection Medical equipment Medical research Medical screening Microelectromechanical systems microelectromechanical systems (mems) microfabrication microneedles Molecular weight Nanoscience Nanotechnology Needles Pain Pharmacokinetics Pharmacology Point of care testing point-of-care diagnostics Production methods Review Skin Three dimensional printing Vaccines
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Title	An overview of microneedle applications, materials, and fabrication methods
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