Mechanisms of Ovarian Cancer-Associated Cachexia

Cancer-associated cachexia occurs in 50% to 80% of cancer patients and is responsible for 20% to 30% of cancer-related deaths. Cachexia limits survival and treatment outcomes, and is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality during cancer. Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-r...

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Vydané v:Endocrinology (Philadelphia) Ročník 165; číslo 1
Hlavní autori: Callaway, Chandler S, Mouchantat, Lila M, Bitler, Benjamin G, Bonetto, Andrea
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: United States 01.01.2024
Predmet:
Animals
Cachexia - etiology
Female
Humans
Inflammation - pathology
Mice
Muscle, Skeletal - pathology
Muscular Atrophy - etiology
Neoplasms - pathology
Ovarian Neoplasms - complications
Ovarian Neoplasms - pathology
animal models
skeletal muscle
ovarian cancer
cachexia
survival
ISSN:1945-7170, 1945-7170
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Abstract Cancer-associated cachexia occurs in 50% to 80% of cancer patients and is responsible for 20% to 30% of cancer-related deaths. Cachexia limits survival and treatment outcomes, and is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality during cancer. Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in women, and recent studies have begun to highlight the prevalence and clinical impact of cachexia in this population. Here, we review the existing understanding of cachexia pathophysiology and summarize relevant studies assessing ovarian cancer-associated cachexia in clinical and preclinical studies. In clinical studies, there is increased evidence that reduced skeletal muscle mass and quality associate with worse outcomes in subjects with ovarian cancer. Mouse models of ovarian cancer display cachexia, often characterized by muscle and fat wasting alongside inflammation, although they remain underexplored relative to other cachexia-associated cancer types. Certain soluble factors have been identified and successfully targeted in these models, providing novel therapeutic targets for mitigating cachexia during ovarian cancer. However, given the relatively low number of studies, the translational relevance of these findings is yet to be determined and requires more research. Overall, our current understanding of ovarian cancer-associated cachexia is insufficient and this review highlights the need for future research specifically aimed at exploring mechanisms of ovarian cancer-associated cachexia by using unbiased approaches and animal models representative of the clinical landscape of ovarian cancer.
AbstractList Cancer-associated cachexia occurs in 50% to 80% of cancer patients and is responsible for 20% to 30% of cancer-related deaths. Cachexia limits survival and treatment outcomes, and is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality during cancer. Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in women, and recent studies have begun to highlight the prevalence and clinical impact of cachexia in this population. Here, we review the existing understanding of cachexia pathophysiology and summarize relevant studies assessing ovarian cancer-associated cachexia in clinical and preclinical studies. In clinical studies, there is increased evidence that reduced skeletal muscle mass and quality associate with worse outcomes in subjects with ovarian cancer. Mouse models of ovarian cancer display cachexia, often characterized by muscle and fat wasting alongside inflammation, although they remain underexplored relative to other cachexia-associated cancer types. Certain soluble factors have been identified and successfully targeted in these models, providing novel therapeutic targets for mitigating cachexia during ovarian cancer. However, given the relatively low number of studies, the translational relevance of these findings is yet to be determined and requires more research. Overall, our current understanding of ovarian cancer-associated cachexia is insufficient and this review highlights the need for future research specifically aimed at exploring mechanisms of ovarian cancer-associated cachexia by using unbiased approaches and animal models representative of the clinical landscape of ovarian cancer.
Cancer-associated cachexia occurs in 50% to 80% of cancer patients and is responsible for 20% to 30% of cancer-related deaths. Cachexia limits survival and treatment outcomes, and is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality during cancer. Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in women, and recent studies have begun to highlight the prevalence and clinical impact of cachexia in this population. Here, we review the existing understanding of cachexia pathophysiology and summarize relevant studies assessing ovarian cancer-associated cachexia in clinical and preclinical studies. In clinical studies, there is increased evidence that reduced skeletal muscle mass and quality associate with worse outcomes in subjects with ovarian cancer. Mouse models of ovarian cancer display cachexia, often characterized by muscle and fat wasting alongside inflammation, although they remain underexplored relative to other cachexia-associated cancer types. Certain soluble factors have been identified and successfully targeted in these models, providing novel therapeutic targets for mitigating cachexia during ovarian cancer. However, given the relatively low number of studies, the translational relevance of these findings is yet to be determined and requires more research. Overall, our current understanding of ovarian cancer-associated cachexia is insufficient and this review highlights the need for future research specifically aimed at exploring mechanisms of ovarian cancer-associated cachexia by using unbiased approaches and animal models representative of the clinical landscape of ovarian cancer.Cancer-associated cachexia occurs in 50% to 80% of cancer patients and is responsible for 20% to 30% of cancer-related deaths. Cachexia limits survival and treatment outcomes, and is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality during cancer. Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in women, and recent studies have begun to highlight the prevalence and clinical impact of cachexia in this population. Here, we review the existing understanding of cachexia pathophysiology and summarize relevant studies assessing ovarian cancer-associated cachexia in clinical and preclinical studies. In clinical studies, there is increased evidence that reduced skeletal muscle mass and quality associate with worse outcomes in subjects with ovarian cancer. Mouse models of ovarian cancer display cachexia, often characterized by muscle and fat wasting alongside inflammation, although they remain underexplored relative to other cachexia-associated cancer types. Certain soluble factors have been identified and successfully targeted in these models, providing novel therapeutic targets for mitigating cachexia during ovarian cancer. However, given the relatively low number of studies, the translational relevance of these findings is yet to be determined and requires more research. Overall, our current understanding of ovarian cancer-associated cachexia is insufficient and this review highlights the need for future research specifically aimed at exploring mechanisms of ovarian cancer-associated cachexia by using unbiased approaches and animal models representative of the clinical landscape of ovarian cancer.
Author Bonetto, Andrea
Mouchantat, Lila M
Bitler, Benjamin G
Callaway, Chandler S
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  organization: Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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  givenname: Benjamin G
  orcidid: 0000-0002-5809-5271
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  orcidid: 0000-0002-3235-1871
  surname: Bonetto
  fullname: Bonetto, Andrea
  organization: Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jep_2024_118811
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_molmet_2025_102211
crossref_primary_10_1186_s13048_024_01519_9
crossref_primary_10_3390_cells13090783
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Copyright The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
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Keywords animal models
skeletal muscle
ovarian cancer
cachexia
survival
Language English
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Snippet Cancer-associated cachexia occurs in 50% to 80% of cancer patients and is responsible for 20% to 30% of cancer-related deaths. Cachexia limits survival and...
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SubjectTerms Animals
Cachexia - etiology
Female
Humans
Inflammation - pathology
Mice
Muscle, Skeletal - pathology
Muscular Atrophy - etiology
Neoplasms - pathology
Ovarian Neoplasms - complications
Ovarian Neoplasms - pathology
Title Mechanisms of Ovarian Cancer-Associated Cachexia
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