Molecular mechanisms of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance

Increasing evidence indicates that non-DNA sequence-based epigenetic information can be inherited across several generations in organisms ranging from yeast to plants to humans. This raises the possibility of heritable 'epimutations' contributing to heritable phenotypic variation and thus...

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Vydáno v:Nature reviews. Genetics Ročník 23; číslo 6; s. 325 - 341
Hlavní autoři: Fitz-James, Maximilian H, Cavalli, Giacomo
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: England Nature Publishing Group 01.06.2022
Témata:
DNA methylation
Epigenetics
Heredity
Histones
Molecular modelling
Nucleotide sequence
Phenotypes
Phenotypic variations
Species
ISSN:1471-0056, 1471-0064, 1471-0064
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Shrnutí:Increasing evidence indicates that non-DNA sequence-based epigenetic information can be inherited across several generations in organisms ranging from yeast to plants to humans. This raises the possibility of heritable 'epimutations' contributing to heritable phenotypic variation and thus to evolution. Recent work has shed light on both the signals that underpin these epimutations, including DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs, and the mechanisms by which they are transmitted across generations at the molecular level. These mechanisms can vary greatly among species and have a more limited effect in mammals than in plants and other animal species. Nevertheless, common principles are emerging, with transmission occurring either via direct replicative mechanisms or indirect reconstruction of the signal in subsequent generations. As these processes become clearer we continue to improve our understanding of the distinctive features and relative contribution of DNA sequence and epigenetic variation to heritable differences in phenotype.
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ISSN:1471-0056
1471-0064
1471-0064
DOI:10.1038/s41576-021-00438-5