Porphyromonas gingivalis as a potential community activist for disease

An extensive analysis of dental plaque samples over the years has led to the identification of "red" complex oral bacteria that have a strong association with each other and with disease. Consequently, these bacteria have been labeled 'periopathogens'. Studies with one of these b...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of dental research Vol. 91; no. 9; p. 816
Main Authors: Darveau, R P, Hajishengallis, G, Curtis, M A
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 01.09.2012
Subjects:
Alveolar Bone Loss - microbiology
Animals
Bacterial Load
Chronic Periodontitis - immunology
Chronic Periodontitis - microbiology
Complement Activation
Dental Plaque - microbiology
Disease Models, Animal
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Humans
Mice
Microbial Consortia - physiology
Porphyromonas gingivalis - physiology
Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
ISSN:1544-0591, 1544-0591
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:An extensive analysis of dental plaque samples over the years has led to the identification of "red" complex oral bacteria that have a strong association with each other and with disease. Consequently, these bacteria have been labeled 'periopathogens'. Studies with one of these bacteria, Porphyromonas gingivalis, have revealed that it contains several different mechanisms which either impede or modulate periodontal protective mechanisms. In a mouse model of periodontitis, it has been shown that modulation of complement function by P. gingivalis facilitates a significant change in both the amount and composition of the normal oral microbiotia. This altered oral commensal microbiota is responsible for pathologic bone loss in the mouse. Thus, P. gingivalis creates a dysbiosis between the host and dental plaque, and this may represent one mechanism by which periodontitis can be initiated. We have therefore termed P. gingivalis a keystone pathogen.
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ISSN:1544-0591
1544-0591
DOI:10.1177/0022034512453589