Update on biomarkers in neuromyelitis optica

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) (and NMO spectrum disorder) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of the CNS primarily affecting spinal cord and optic nerves. Reliable and sensitive biomarkers for onset, relapse, and progression in NMO are urgently needed because of the heterogeneous clinical presentatio...

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Published in:Neurology : neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation Vol. 2; no. 4; p. e134
Main Authors: Melamed, Esther, Levy, Michael, Waters, Patrick J., Sato, Douglas Kazutoshi, Bennett, Jeffrey L., John, Gareth R., Hooper, Douglas C., Saiz, Albert, Bar-Or, Amit, Kim, Ho Jin, Pandit, Lakha, Leite, Maria Isabel, Asgari, Nasrin, Kissani, Najib, Hintzen, Rogier, Marignier, Romain, Jarius, Sven, Marcelletti, John, Smith, Terry J., Yeaman, Michael R., Han, May H., Aktas, Orhan, Apiwattanakul, Metha, Banwell, Brenda, Bichuetti, Denis, Broadley, Simon, Cabre, Philippe, Chitnis, Tanuja, De Seze, Jerome, Fujihara, Kazuo, Greenberg, Benjamin, Hellwig, Kerstin, Iorio, Raffaele, Klawiter, Eric, Kleiter, Ingo, Lana-Peixoto, Marco, Nakashima, OʼConnor, Kevin, Palace, Jacqueline, Paul, Friedman, Prayoonwiwat, Naraporn, Ruprecht, Klemens, Stuve, Olaf, Tedder, Thomas, Tenembaum, Silvia, Garrahan, Juan P., Aires, Buenos, van Herle, Katja, van Pelt, Danielle, Villoslada, Pablo, Waubant, Emmanuelle, Weinshenker, Brian, Wingerchuk, Dean, Würfel, Jens, Zamvil, Scott
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States American Academy of Neurology 01.08.2015
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
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ISSN:2332-7812, 2332-7812
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Summary:Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) (and NMO spectrum disorder) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of the CNS primarily affecting spinal cord and optic nerves. Reliable and sensitive biomarkers for onset, relapse, and progression in NMO are urgently needed because of the heterogeneous clinical presentation, severity of neurologic disability following relapses, and variability of therapeutic response. Detecting aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibodies (AQP4-IgG or NMO-IgG) in serum supports the diagnosis of seropositive NMO. However, whether AQP4-IgG levels correlate with disease activity, severity, response to therapy, or long-term outcomes is unclear. Moreover, biomarkers for patients with seronegative NMO have yet to be defined and validated. Collaborative international studies hold great promise for establishing and validating biomarkers that are useful in therapeutic trials and clinical management. In this review, we discuss known and potential biomarkers for NMO.
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Funding information and disclosures are provided at the end of the article. Go to Neurology.org/nn for full disclosure forms. The Article Processing Charge was paid by Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation.
GJCF-ICC&BR coinvestigators are listed at Neurology.org/nn.
ISSN:2332-7812
2332-7812
DOI:10.1212/NXI.0000000000000134