Physiological factors determining downhill vs uphill running endurance performance
Recent studies investigated the determinants of trail running performance (i.e., combining uphill (UR) and downhill running sections (DR)), while the possible specific physiological factors specifically determining UR vs DR performances (i.e., isolating UR and DR) remain presently unknown. This stud...
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| Vydáno v: | Journal of science and medicine in sport Ročník 24; číslo 1; s. 85 - 91 |
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| Hlavní autoři: | , , , , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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Australia
Elsevier Ltd
01.01.2021
Elsevier Limited Elsevier |
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| ISSN: | 1440-2440, 1878-1861, 1878-1861 |
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| Abstract | Recent studies investigated the determinants of trail running performance (i.e., combining uphill (UR) and downhill running sections (DR)), while the possible specific physiological factors specifically determining UR vs DR performances (i.e., isolating UR and DR) remain presently unknown. This study aims to determine the cardiorespiratory responses to outdoor DR vs UR time-trial and explore the determinants of DR and UR performance in highly trained runners.
Randomized controlled trial.
Ten male highly-trained endurance athletes completed 5-km DR and UR time-trials (average grade: ±8%) and were tested for maximal oxygen uptake, lower limb extensor maximal strength, local muscle endurance, leg musculotendinous stiffness, vertical jump ability, explosivity/agility and sprint velocity. Predictors of DR and UR performance were investigated using correlation and commonality regression analyses.
Running velocity was higher in DR vs UR time-trial (20.4±1.0 vs 12.0±0.5km·h−1, p<0.05) with similar average heart rate (95±2% vs 94±2% maximal heart rate; p>0.05) despite lower average V̇O2 (85±8% vs 89±7% V̇O2max; p<0.05). Velocity at V̇O2max (vV̇O2max) body mass index (BMI) and maximal extensor strength were significant predictors of UR performance (r2=0.94) whereas vV̇O2max, leg musculotendinous stiffness and maximal extensor strength were significant predictors of DR performance (r2=0.84).
Five-km UR and DR running performances are both well explained by three independent predictors. If two predictors are shared between UR and DR performances (vV̇O2max and maximal strength), their relative contribution is different and, importantly, the third predictor appears very specific to the exercise modality (BMI for UR vs leg musculotendinous stiffness for DR). |
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| AbstractList | ObjectivesRecent studies investigated the determinants of trail running performance (i.e., combining uphill (UR) and downhill running sections (DR)), while the possible specific physiological factors specifically determining UR vs DR performances (i.e., isolating UR and DR) remain presently unknown. This study aims to determine the cardiorespiratory responses to outdoor DR vs UR time-trial and explore the determinants of DR and UR performance in highly trained runners.DesignRandomized controlled trial.MethodsTen male highly-trained endurance athletes completed 5-km DR and UR time-trials (average grade: ±8%) and were tested for maximal oxygen uptake, lower limb extensor maximal strength, local muscle endurance, leg musculotendinous stiffness, vertical jump ability, explosivity/agility and sprint velocity. Predictors of DR and UR performance were investigated using correlation and commonality regression analyses.ResultsRunning velocity was higher in DR vs UR time-trial (20.4±1.0 vs 12.0±0.5km·h−1, p<0.05) with similar average heart rate (95±2% vs 94±2% maximal heart rate; p>0.05) despite lower average V̇O2 (85±8% vs 89±7% V̇O2max; p<0.05). Velocity at V̇O2max (vV̇O2max) body mass index (BMI) and maximal extensor strength were significant predictors of UR performance (r2=0.94) whereas vV̇O2max, leg musculotendinous stiffness and maximal extensor strength were significant predictors of DR performance (r2=0.84).ConclusionsFive-km UR and DR running performances are both well explained by three independent predictors. If two predictors are shared between UR and DR performances (vV̇O2max and maximal strength), their relative contribution is different and, importantly, the third predictor appears very specific to the exercise modality (BMI for UR vs leg musculotendinous stiffness for DR). Recent studies investigated the determinants of trail running performance (i.e., combining uphill (UR) and downhill running sections (DR)), while the possible specific physiological factors specifically determining UR vs DR performances (i.e., isolating UR and DR) remain presently unknown. This study aims to determine the cardiorespiratory responses to outdoor DR vs UR time-trial and explore the determinants of DR and UR performance in highly trained runners.OBJECTIVESRecent studies investigated the determinants of trail running performance (i.e., combining uphill (UR) and downhill running sections (DR)), while the possible specific physiological factors specifically determining UR vs DR performances (i.e., isolating UR and DR) remain presently unknown. This study aims to determine the cardiorespiratory responses to outdoor DR vs UR time-trial and explore the determinants of DR and UR performance in highly trained runners.Randomized controlled trial.DESIGNRandomized controlled trial.Ten male highly-trained endurance athletes completed 5-km DR and UR time-trials (average grade: ±8%) and were tested for maximal oxygen uptake, lower limb extensor maximal strength, local muscle endurance, leg musculotendinous stiffness, vertical jump ability, explosivity/agility and sprint velocity. Predictors of DR and UR performance were investigated using correlation and commonality regression analyses.METHODSTen male highly-trained endurance athletes completed 5-km DR and UR time-trials (average grade: ±8%) and were tested for maximal oxygen uptake, lower limb extensor maximal strength, local muscle endurance, leg musculotendinous stiffness, vertical jump ability, explosivity/agility and sprint velocity. Predictors of DR and UR performance were investigated using correlation and commonality regression analyses.Running velocity was higher in DR vs UR time-trial (20.4±1.0 vs 12.0±0.5km·h-1, p<0.05) with similar average heart rate (95±2% vs 94±2% maximal heart rate; p>0.05) despite lower average V̇O2 (85±8% vs 89±7% V̇O2max; p<0.05). Velocity at V̇O2max (vV̇O2max) body mass index (BMI) and maximal extensor strength were significant predictors of UR performance (r2=0.94) whereas vV̇O2max, leg musculotendinous stiffness and maximal extensor strength were significant predictors of DR performance (r2=0.84).RESULTSRunning velocity was higher in DR vs UR time-trial (20.4±1.0 vs 12.0±0.5km·h-1, p<0.05) with similar average heart rate (95±2% vs 94±2% maximal heart rate; p>0.05) despite lower average V̇O2 (85±8% vs 89±7% V̇O2max; p<0.05). Velocity at V̇O2max (vV̇O2max) body mass index (BMI) and maximal extensor strength were significant predictors of UR performance (r2=0.94) whereas vV̇O2max, leg musculotendinous stiffness and maximal extensor strength were significant predictors of DR performance (r2=0.84).Five-km UR and DR running performances are both well explained by three independent predictors. If two predictors are shared between UR and DR performances (vV̇O2max and maximal strength), their relative contribution is different and, importantly, the third predictor appears very specific to the exercise modality (BMI for UR vs leg musculotendinous stiffness for DR).CONCLUSIONSFive-km UR and DR running performances are both well explained by three independent predictors. If two predictors are shared between UR and DR performances (vV̇O2max and maximal strength), their relative contribution is different and, importantly, the third predictor appears very specific to the exercise modality (BMI for UR vs leg musculotendinous stiffness for DR). Recent studies investigated the determinants of trail running performance (i.e., combining uphill (UR) and downhill running sections (DR)), while the possible specific physiological factors specifically determining UR vs DR performances (i.e., isolating UR and DR) remain presently unknown. This study aims to determine the cardiorespiratory responses to outdoor DR vs UR time-trial and explore the determinants of DR and UR performance in highly trained runners. Randomized controlled trial. Ten male highly-trained endurance athletes completed 5-km DR and UR time-trials (average grade: ±8%) and were tested for maximal oxygen uptake, lower limb extensor maximal strength, local muscle endurance, leg musculotendinous stiffness, vertical jump ability, explosivity/agility and sprint velocity. Predictors of DR and UR performance were investigated using correlation and commonality regression analyses. Running velocity was higher in DR vs UR time-trial (20.4±1.0 vs 12.0±0.5km·h−1, p<0.05) with similar average heart rate (95±2% vs 94±2% maximal heart rate; p>0.05) despite lower average V̇O2 (85±8% vs 89±7% V̇O2max; p<0.05). Velocity at V̇O2max (vV̇O2max) body mass index (BMI) and maximal extensor strength were significant predictors of UR performance (r2=0.94) whereas vV̇O2max, leg musculotendinous stiffness and maximal extensor strength were significant predictors of DR performance (r2=0.84). Five-km UR and DR running performances are both well explained by three independent predictors. If two predictors are shared between UR and DR performances (vV̇O2max and maximal strength), their relative contribution is different and, importantly, the third predictor appears very specific to the exercise modality (BMI for UR vs leg musculotendinous stiffness for DR). Recent studies investigated the determinants of trail running performance (i.e., combining uphill (UR) and downhill running sections (DR)), while the possible specific physiological factors specifically determining UR vs DR performances (i.e., isolating UR and DR) remain presently unknown. This study aims to determine the cardiorespiratory responses to outdoor DR vs UR time-trial and explore the determinants of DR and UR performance in highly trained runners. Randomized controlled trial. Ten male highly-trained endurance athletes completed 5-km DR and UR time-trials (average grade: ±8%) and were tested for maximal oxygen uptake, lower limb extensor maximal strength, local muscle endurance, leg musculotendinous stiffness, vertical jump ability, explosivity/agility and sprint velocity. Predictors of DR and UR performance were investigated using correlation and commonality regression analyses. Running velocity was higher in DR vs UR time-trial (20.4±1.0 vs 12.0±0.5km·h , p<0.05) with similar average heart rate (95±2% vs 94±2% maximal heart rate; p>0.05) despite lower average V̇O (85±8% vs 89±7% V̇O ; p<0.05). Velocity at V̇O (vV̇O ) body mass index (BMI) and maximal extensor strength were significant predictors of UR performance (r =0.94) whereas vV̇O , leg musculotendinous stiffness and maximal extensor strength were significant predictors of DR performance (r =0.84). Five-km UR and DR running performances are both well explained by three independent predictors. If two predictors are shared between UR and DR performances (vV̇O and maximal strength), their relative contribution is different and, importantly, the third predictor appears very specific to the exercise modality (BMI for UR vs leg musculotendinous stiffness for DR). |
| Author | Lemire, Marcel Boukhari, Mourad Kouassi, Blah Y.L. Remetter, Romain Geny, Bernard Favret, Fabrice Lonsdorfer, Evelyne Dufour, Stéphane P. Hureau, Thomas J. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Marcel surname: Lemire fullname: Lemire, Marcel email: marcel.lemire@unistra.fr organization: University of Strasbourg, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Medicine Federation (FMTS), UR 3072, France – sequence: 2 givenname: Thomas J. surname: Hureau fullname: Hureau, Thomas J. organization: University of Strasbourg, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Medicine Federation (FMTS), UR 3072, France – sequence: 3 givenname: Fabrice surname: Favret fullname: Favret, Fabrice organization: University of Strasbourg, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Medicine Federation (FMTS), UR 3072, France – sequence: 4 givenname: Bernard surname: Geny fullname: Geny, Bernard organization: University of Strasbourg, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Medicine Federation (FMTS), UR 3072, France – sequence: 5 givenname: Blah Y.L. surname: Kouassi fullname: Kouassi, Blah Y.L. organization: University of Strasbourg, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Medicine Federation (FMTS), UR 3072, France – sequence: 6 givenname: Mourad surname: Boukhari fullname: Boukhari, Mourad organization: University of Strasbourg, Faculty of Sport Sciences, France – sequence: 7 givenname: Evelyne surname: Lonsdorfer fullname: Lonsdorfer, Evelyne organization: University of Strasbourg, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Medicine Federation (FMTS), UR 3072, France – sequence: 8 givenname: Romain surname: Remetter fullname: Remetter, Romain organization: University of Strasbourg, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Medicine Federation (FMTS), UR 3072, France – sequence: 9 givenname: Stéphane P. surname: Dufour fullname: Dufour, Stéphane P. organization: University of Strasbourg, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Medicine Federation (FMTS), UR 3072, France |
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| Copyright | 2020 Sports Medicine Australia Copyright © 2020 Sports Medicine Australia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 2020. Sports Medicine Australia Attribution - NonCommercial |
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| Keywords | Heart rate Oxygen consumption Ventilation Track and field Eccentric exercise Time-trial |
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| SubjectTerms | Ability tests Adult Athletes Athletic Performance - physiology Carbon dioxide Carbon Dioxide - metabolism Eccentric exercise Elasticity - physiology Endurance Exercise Heart rate Humans Lactic Acid - blood Leg - physiology Life Sciences Male Oxygen consumption Oxygen Consumption - physiology Physical Endurance - physiology Physical fitness Physiology Respiratory Rate - physiology Running Running - physiology Tidal Volume - physiology Time Factors Time-trial Track and field Trails Training Velocity Ventilation Warm up (exercise) |
| Title | Physiological factors determining downhill vs uphill running endurance performance |
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