Biological differences underlying sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer: current synopsis and future directions

Sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer have long been a subject of interest to the cancer research community, wherein men have a 4 times higher incidence rate than women, and female patients often present with higher-grade disease and experience worse outcomes. Despite the known differences in...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Oncogenesis (New York, NY) Vol. 12; no. 1; pp. 44 - 11
Main Authors: Doshi, Bhavisha, Athans, Sarah R., Woloszynska, Anna
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 04.09.2023
Nature Publishing Group
Subjects:
631/67/589/1336
631/67/68
Apoptosis
Bladder cancer
Cancer research
Cell Biology
Epigenetics
Gender
Human Genetics
Internal Medicine
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Oncology
Patients
Precision medicine
Review
Review Article
ISSN:2157-9024, 2157-9024
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Abstract Sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer have long been a subject of interest to the cancer research community, wherein men have a 4 times higher incidence rate than women, and female patients often present with higher-grade disease and experience worse outcomes. Despite the known differences in disease incidence and clinical outcomes between male and female bladder cancer patients, clinical management remains the same. In this review, we critically analyze studies that report on the biological differences between men and women and evaluate how these differences contribute to sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer. Distinct characteristics of the male and female immune systems, differences in circulating hormone levels and hormone receptor expression, and different genetic and epigenetic alterations are major biological factors that all likely contribute to disparate incidence rates and outcomes for male and female bladder cancer patients. Future preclinical and clinical studies in this area should employ experimental approaches that account for and consider sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer, thereby facilitating the development of precision medicine for the effective treatment of bladder cancer in all patients.
AbstractList Abstract Sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer have long been a subject of interest to the cancer research community, wherein men have a 4 times higher incidence rate than women, and female patients often present with higher-grade disease and experience worse outcomes. Despite the known differences in disease incidence and clinical outcomes between male and female bladder cancer patients, clinical management remains the same. In this review, we critically analyze studies that report on the biological differences between men and women and evaluate how these differences contribute to sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer. Distinct characteristics of the male and female immune systems, differences in circulating hormone levels and hormone receptor expression, and different genetic and epigenetic alterations are major biological factors that all likely contribute to disparate incidence rates and outcomes for male and female bladder cancer patients. Future preclinical and clinical studies in this area should employ experimental approaches that account for and consider sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer, thereby facilitating the development of precision medicine for the effective treatment of bladder cancer in all patients.
Sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer have long been a subject of interest to the cancer research community, wherein men have a 4 times higher incidence rate than women, and female patients often present with higher-grade disease and experience worse outcomes. Despite the known differences in disease incidence and clinical outcomes between male and female bladder cancer patients, clinical management remains the same. In this review, we critically analyze studies that report on the biological differences between men and women and evaluate how these differences contribute to sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer. Distinct characteristics of the male and female immune systems, differences in circulating hormone levels and hormone receptor expression, and different genetic and epigenetic alterations are major biological factors that all likely contribute to disparate incidence rates and outcomes for male and female bladder cancer patients. Future preclinical and clinical studies in this area should employ experimental approaches that account for and consider sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer, thereby facilitating the development of precision medicine for the effective treatment of bladder cancer in all patients.
Sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer have long been a subject of interest to the cancer research community, wherein men have a 4 times higher incidence rate than women, and female patients often present with higher-grade disease and experience worse outcomes. Despite the known differences in disease incidence and clinical outcomes between male and female bladder cancer patients, clinical management remains the same. In this review, we critically analyze studies that report on the biological differences between men and women and evaluate how these differences contribute to sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer. Distinct characteristics of the male and female immune systems, differences in circulating hormone levels and hormone receptor expression, and different genetic and epigenetic alterations are major biological factors that all likely contribute to disparate incidence rates and outcomes for male and female bladder cancer patients. Future preclinical and clinical studies in this area should employ experimental approaches that account for and consider sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer, thereby facilitating the development of precision medicine for the effective treatment of bladder cancer in all patients.Sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer have long been a subject of interest to the cancer research community, wherein men have a 4 times higher incidence rate than women, and female patients often present with higher-grade disease and experience worse outcomes. Despite the known differences in disease incidence and clinical outcomes between male and female bladder cancer patients, clinical management remains the same. In this review, we critically analyze studies that report on the biological differences between men and women and evaluate how these differences contribute to sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer. Distinct characteristics of the male and female immune systems, differences in circulating hormone levels and hormone receptor expression, and different genetic and epigenetic alterations are major biological factors that all likely contribute to disparate incidence rates and outcomes for male and female bladder cancer patients. Future preclinical and clinical studies in this area should employ experimental approaches that account for and consider sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer, thereby facilitating the development of precision medicine for the effective treatment of bladder cancer in all patients.
ArticleNumber 44
Author Athans, Sarah R.
Woloszynska, Anna
Doshi, Bhavisha
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Bhavisha
  surname: Doshi
  fullname: Doshi, Bhavisha
  organization: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Sarah R.
  surname: Athans
  fullname: Athans, Sarah R.
  organization: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Anna
  orcidid: 0000-0001-5279-9414
  surname: Woloszynska
  fullname: Woloszynska, Anna
  email: Anna.Woloszynska-Read@roswellpark.org
  organization: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center
BookMark eNp9kk1vFSEUhiemxn7YP-BqEjduRvkYGHBjtNHapIkbXRMGDiM3XLjCTOP99zL3Nmq7KBvI4X1eDvCeNycxRWiaVxi9xYiKd6XHVMgOEdoh1NeVfNacEcyGTiLSn_y3Pm0uS9mgOhjHnLEXzSkdOOcCD2fN3SefQpq80aG13jnIEA2UdokWctj7OLUFfrc62naCtVZVZaezn31V-diOQdu1bHTl8vvWLLlazG3Zx7QrvhxQt8xLhopmMLNPsbxsnjsdClzezxfNjy-fv1997W6_Xd9cfbztDMNi7jQZhWZOOBhHM8jRcWvFiJB21KKBWSOMGbFE4HoKXHKJBEEW5ABgORBEL5qbo69NeqN22W913qukvToUUp6UzrM3ARS4wWFpYew17jGx0jkmEBYUC7DO4ur14ei1W8YtWFNvmXV4YPpwJ_qfakp3CqN-GEjPqsObe4ecfi1QZrX1xUAIOkJaiiKCY4oIJ6v09SPpJi051rdaVahnTGBaVeSoMjmVksH97QYjtcZEHWOiakzUISZKVkg8goyf9fottWsfnkbpES31nDhB_tfVE9QfqbnV_Q
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_2147_IJWH_S543955
crossref_primary_10_3389_fnut_2024_1433632
crossref_primary_10_1186_s13293_025_00715_6
crossref_primary_10_3390_cancers16193338
crossref_primary_10_1289_EHP14505
crossref_primary_10_2478_rjom_2024_0007
crossref_primary_10_3390_cancers16213559
crossref_primary_10_1007_s41973_025_00307_2
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41571_024_00909_8
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms26157340
crossref_primary_10_1159_000543298
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_025_93094_2
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_critrevonc_2025_104843
crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2025_1554829
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_025_15801_3
crossref_primary_10_3390_cancers16050961
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pharmr_2025_100045
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ebiom_2024_105359
crossref_primary_10_3390_cancers17132262
crossref_primary_10_3390_curroncol32090524
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11033_024_09791_0
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_eururo_2024_05_026
crossref_primary_10_3389_fphar_2025_1617452
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_57771_y
crossref_primary_10_1515_cclm_2025_0268
crossref_primary_10_1002_cbdv_202500909
crossref_primary_10_1093_jnci_djad224
crossref_primary_10_3390_cancers16193303
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41698_025_00962_1
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms25137176
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_urolonc_2025_05_013
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_025_04855_y
crossref_primary_10_3389_fonc_2024_1423968
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_urology_2025_06_057
crossref_primary_10_3390_medsci13030202
crossref_primary_10_3389_fonc_2024_1322044
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12094_024_03700_4
Cites_doi 10.1002/ijc.31959
10.1038/s41388-017-0099-6
10.1002/1097-0142(19890701)64:1<178::AID-CNCR2820640130>3.0.CO;2-B
10.1016/0165-4608(95)00030-S
10.1016/j.ccell.2017.08.005
10.1093/jnci/djx201
10.1002/1097-0142(19920315)69:6<1445::AID-CNCR2820690623>3.0.CO;2-S
10.1016/j.canlet.2017.07.016
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110220
10.1001/jama.2011.1142
10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000119
10.1007/s00345-021-03653-1
10.1002/ijc.23856
10.3322/caac.21660
10.1073/pnas.96.26.15161
10.1016/j.urolonc.2009.01.033
10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-23-0031
10.18632/oncotarget.4569
10.1038/ng.3726
10.1016/j.fct.2013.05.044
10.1186/s12885-018-5014-1
10.1073/pnas.1113960109
10.1167/iovs.07-1606
10.2147/CMAR.S369175
10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-19-2230
10.1186/s13293-015-0029-7
10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-2983
10.1007/s00262-017-1972-4
10.1111/j.1745-7254.2008.00889.x
10.1016/j.cell.2017.09.007
10.1093/jjco/hyaa273
10.1016/j.kjms.2016.03.002
10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.08.004
10.1371/journal.pgen.1000917
10.1080/15384047.2016.1235667
10.3389/fimmu.2020.01184
10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108230
10.1038/ncomms5438
10.1200/JCO.2020.38.6_suppl.556
10.1007/s13277-011-0310-2
10.1016/j.celrep.2019.07.001
10.1016/j.aca.2018.06.065
10.4049/jimmunol.146.12.4362
10.1007/s00345-012-0996-9
10.1126/sciimmunol.abq2630
10.1016/j.juro.2014.04.101
10.1126/scitranslmed.aai8312
10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-20-4261
10.1017/S0007114520001439
10.1007/s11934-018-0861-5
10.1152/jappl.1998.85.5.1823
10.1084/jem.20210911
10.1038/s41467-020-17359-2
10.1016/j.clgc.2016.04.006
10.1016/j.cbi.2017.02.016
10.1007/s00262-010-0968-0
10.1080/21681805.2021.2002399
10.1016/j.eururo.2011.10.029
10.1371/journal.pone.0239338
10.1159/000474484
10.1038/nature24265
10.1126/science.1140485
10.1038/s41467-019-13266-3
10.1007/BF00256185
10.1186/s12916-021-01931-8
10.1016/j.juro.2017.06.083
10.1186/s13293-022-00428-0
10.1016/j.ccell.2016.04.001
10.18632/oncotarget.9994
10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00354
10.1111/j.1600-0897.2004.00177.x
10.1097/01.AOG.0000223885.25192.91
10.1186/s13148-022-01279-7
10.1016/j.clgc.2019.05.008
10.1007/s00345-022-04116-x
10.1016/j.urology.2020.06.087
10.1155/2011/728930
10.1038/gene.2009.12
10.1038/s12276-018-0155-5
10.1007/s00439-017-1799-2
10.1038/s41598-018-29987-2
10.1021/tx300132k
10.1016/j.humimm.2004.02.021
10.1002/cam4.4917
10.3390/ijms21176072
10.1038/nm.2919
10.21873/invivo.12234
10.1186/jbiol95
10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-0136
10.4049/jimmunol.1501684
10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-18-0362
10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-17-1701
10.1073/pnas.1323064111
10.1371/journal.pone.0174746
10.1182/blood-2011-03-340281
10.3109/00313021003767298
10.1038/s41598-021-85188-4
10.1053/j.gastro.2004.09.011
10.1007/s00404-023-06996-9
10.1126/sciadv.aar5598
10.3390/ijms221810030
10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-16-2200
10.1016/j.urology.2020.06.058
10.1093/aje/kwj028
10.1038/nature12477
10.1177/019262338701500211
10.1016/j.maturitas.2010.07.014
10.1038/s41586-023-06234-x
10.1002/cncr.21945
10.1007/s00345-021-03721-6
10.1016/j.clgc.2019.09.002
10.3390/cancers12071980
10.1002/ijc.28022
10.1038/s41598-021-01103-x
10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-10-2659
10.1007/s00394-019-01907-8
10.1371/journal.pone.0183228
10.3233/BLC-160052
10.1136/jitc-2022-005478
10.3389/fimmu.2020.590618
10.1007/s13577-019-00255-3
10.1186/s12885-021-08372-9
10.1002/cncr.30029
10.1007/s11010-007-9423-8
10.3389/fgene.2012.00268
10.1038/s41598-018-29592-3
10.1177/03000605211049946
10.1111/cen.13840
10.1186/s13148-018-0451-x
10.1186/s13072-015-0035-3
10.1530/eje.0.1430031
10.1016/j.urology.2018.11.001
10.1038/s41418-019-0278-9
10.2147/CMAR.S302565
10.1016/j.juro.2010.12.049
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright The Author(s) 2023
The Author(s) 2023. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
2023. Springer Nature America, Inc.
Springer Nature America, Inc. 2023
Copyright_xml – notice: The Author(s) 2023
– notice: The Author(s) 2023. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
– notice: 2023. Springer Nature America, Inc.
– notice: Springer Nature America, Inc. 2023
DBID C6C
AAYXX
CITATION
3V.
7X7
7XB
88A
88I
8FE
8FH
8FI
8FJ
8FK
ABUWG
AFKRA
AZQEC
BBNVY
BENPR
BHPHI
CCPQU
DWQXO
FYUFA
GHDGH
GNUQQ
HCIFZ
K9.
LK8
M0S
M2P
M7P
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PJZUB
PKEHL
PPXIY
PQEST
PQGLB
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
Q9U
7X8
5PM
DOA
DOI 10.1038/s41389-023-00489-9
DatabaseName Springer Nature OA Free Journals
CrossRef
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
Health & Medical Collection
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
Biology Database (Alumni Edition)
Science Database (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Natural Science Journals
Hospital Premium Collection
Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
ProQuest Central Essentials
Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central
Natural Science Collection
ProQuest One
ProQuest Central
Health Research Premium Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Central Student
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
Biological Sciences
ProQuest Health & Medical Collection
Science Database
Biological Science Database
Proquest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Academic (retired)
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest Central Basic
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest Central Student
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest Biology Journals (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
Health Research Premium Collection
Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition)
Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Central Korea
Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central (New)
ProQuest Science Journals (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central Basic
ProQuest Science Journals
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
ProQuest Hospital Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
Biological Science Database
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList
CrossRef


MEDLINE - Academic
Publicly Available Content Database
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: DOA
  name: Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 2
  dbid: PIMPY
  name: Publicly Available Content Database
  url: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Medicine
EISSN 2157-9024
EndPage 11
ExternalDocumentID oai_doaj_org_article_ef7f19deb4a1412d9ff58018318edfd1
PMC10477245
10_1038_s41389_023_00489_9
GroupedDBID 0R~
3V.
53G
5VS
7X7
88A
88I
8FE
8FH
8FI
8FJ
AAJSJ
ABDBF
ABUWG
ACGFS
ACSMW
ACUHS
ADBBV
AENEX
AFKRA
AJTQC
ALIPV
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AOIJS
AZQEC
BAWUL
BBNVY
BCNDV
BENPR
BHPHI
BPHCQ
BVXVI
C6C
CCPQU
DIK
DWQXO
EBLON
EBS
FYUFA
GNUQQ
GROUPED_DOAJ
HCIFZ
HMCUK
HYE
KQ8
LK8
M0L
M2P
M48
M7P
M~E
NAO
OK1
PGMZT
PIMPY
PQQKQ
PROAC
RNT
RNTTT
RPM
SNYQT
UKHRP
AASML
AAYXX
CITATION
7XB
8FK
K9.
PHGZM
PHGZT
PJZUB
PKEHL
PPXIY
PQEST
PQGLB
PQUKI
PRINS
Q9U
7X8
PUEGO
5PM
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c518t-a2b8a5f8febbc79bf6dd8b00af3d075dc8ccb190ef43e69690820de97eed6e203
IEDL.DBID DOA
ISICitedReferencesCount 44
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=001059683600001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 2157-9024
IngestDate Tue Oct 14 19:02:26 EDT 2025
Tue Nov 04 02:06:33 EST 2025
Wed Oct 01 13:59:42 EDT 2025
Tue Oct 07 07:08:17 EDT 2025
Sat Nov 29 02:53:40 EST 2025
Tue Nov 18 22:15:23 EST 2025
Fri Feb 21 02:40:45 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 1
Language English
License Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c518t-a2b8a5f8febbc79bf6dd8b00af3d075dc8ccb190ef43e69690820de97eed6e203
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
ObjectType-Review-3
content type line 23
ORCID 0000-0001-5279-9414
OpenAccessLink https://doaj.org/article/ef7f19deb4a1412d9ff58018318edfd1
PMID 37666817
PQID 2860455813
PQPubID 2041913
PageCount 11
ParticipantIDs doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_ef7f19deb4a1412d9ff58018318edfd1
pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_10477245
proquest_miscellaneous_2861302625
proquest_journals_2860455813
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41389_023_00489_9
crossref_citationtrail_10_1038_s41389_023_00489_9
springer_journals_10_1038_s41389_023_00489_9
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2023-09-04
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2023-09-04
PublicationDate_xml – month: 09
  year: 2023
  text: 2023-09-04
  day: 04
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace London
PublicationPlace_xml – name: London
– name: New York
PublicationTitle Oncogenesis (New York, NY)
PublicationTitleAbbrev Oncogenesis
PublicationYear 2023
Publisher Nature Publishing Group UK
Nature Publishing Group
Publisher_xml – name: Nature Publishing Group UK
– name: Nature Publishing Group
References ReedOJubberIGriffinJNoonAPGoodwinLHussainSOccupational bladder cancer: a cross section survey of previous employments, tasks and exposures matched to cancer phenotypesPLoS ONE202015e02393381:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXit1Sht73E33085669757744810.1371/journal.pone.0239338
WuKFanJZhangLNingZZengJZhouJPI3K/Akt to GSK3β/β-catenin signaling cascade coordinates cell colonization for bladder cancer bone metastasis through regulating ZEB1 transcriptionCell Signal2012242273821:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhsVCnsb7J2290649210.1016/j.cellsig.2012.08.004
VasudevanSLaconiEAbanobiSERaoPMRajalakshmiSSarmaDSEffect of glycine on the induction of orotic aciduria and urinary bladder tumorigenesis in the ratToxicol Pathol19871519471:CAS:528:DyaL2sXlslemsrc%3D361640310.1177/019262338701500211
BriggsNCYoungTBGilchristKWVaillancourtAMMessingEMAge as a predictor of an aggressive clinical course for superficial bladder cancer in menCancer1992691445511:STN:280:DyaK387nsVSktg%3D%3D154088210.1002/1097-0142(19920315)69:6<1445::AID-CNCR2820690623>3.0.CO;2-S
WanJGrossmanHBBladder carcinoma in patients age 40 years or youngerCancer198964178811:STN:280:DyaL1M3nsV2rsA%3D%3D273111210.1002/1097-0142(19890701)64:1<178::AID-CNCR2820640130>3.0.CO;2-B
Messing E, Wein A, Kavoussi L, Novick A, Partin A, Peters C. Campbell-Walsh urology. Saunders Philadelphia, PA; 2007.
ShenSSSmithCLHsiehJTYuJKimIYJianWExpression of estrogen receptors-alpha and -beta in bladder cancer cell lines and human bladder tumor tissueCancer2006106261061:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xms1SitrY%3D1670003810.1002/cncr.21945
HugarLAYabesJGTurnerRM2ndFamMMApplemanLJDaviesBJRate and determinants of completing neoadjuvant chemotherapy in medicare beneficiaries with bladder cancer: a SEER-medicare analysisUrology201912419173042330210.1016/j.urology.2018.11.001
Division of Cancer Prevention and Control CfDCaP. Bladder cancer 2022. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/bladder/index.htm.
LiZZhengWWangHChengYFangYWuFApplication of animal models in cancer research: recent progress and future prospectsCancer Manag Res2021132455751:CAS:528:DC%2BB38XnvVyks7s%3D33758544797934310.2147/CMAR.S302565
Zwahlen M, Stute P Impact of progesterone on the immune system in women: a systematic literature review. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2023:1–10.
YanCYangQGongZTumor-associated neutrophils and macrophages promote gender disparity in hepatocellular carcinoma in zebrafishCancer Res2017771395407.1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXktFOmtbc%3D2820251210.1158/0008-5472.CAN-16-2200
GilDZarzyckaMDulińska-LitewkaJCiołczyk-WierzbickaDLekkaMLaidlerPDihydrotestosterone increases the risk of bladder cancer in menHum Cell20193237989.1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXlsVaktLY%3D31119584657069810.1007/s13577-019-00255-3
HauptSCaramiaFHerschtalASoussiTLozanoGChenHIdentification of cancer sex-disparity in the functional integrity of p53 and its X chromosome networkNat Commun20191031772231687976510.1038/s41467-019-13266-3
CavalloFDe GiovanniCNanniPForniGLolliniPL2011: the immune hallmarks of cancerCancer Immunol Immunother201160319261:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXit1Gqsb0%3D21267721304209610.1007/s00262-010-0968-0
HwangBShinSSSongJHChoiYHKimWJMoonSKCarnosine exerts antitumor activity against bladder cancers in vitro and in vivo via suppression of angiogenesisJ Nutr Biochem2019741082301:CAS:528:DC%2BC1MXitFWjsLvL3168310110.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108230
SingmannPShem-TovDWahlSGrallertHFioritoGShinSYCharacterization of whole-genome autosomal differences of DNA methylation between men and womenEpigenet Chromatin201584310.1186/s13072-015-0035-3
LiCHProkopecSDSunRXYousifFSchmitzNBoutrosPCSex differences in oncogenic mutational processesNat Commun2020111:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXhslajsLnE32859912745574410.1038/s41467-020-17359-2
Institute NC. Cancer Health Disparities Definitions and Examplesr. 2015.
YuEYWesseliusAMehrkanoonSGoosensMBrinkmanMvan den BrandtPVegetable intake and the risk of bladder cancer in the BLadder Cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants (BLEND) international studyBMC Med2021191:CAS:528:DC%2BB3MXhtFCnt7jI33685459794217210.1186/s12916-021-01931-8
BoschFXRibesJDíazMClériesRPrimary liver cancer: worldwide incidence and trendsGastroenterology2004127S5s161550810210.1053/j.gastro.2004.09.011
SungHFerlayJSiegelRLLaversanneMSoerjomataramIJemalAGlobal cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countriesCA Cancer J Clin202171209493353833810.3322/caac.21660
MallinKDavidKACarrollPRMilowskyMINanusDMTransitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: racial and gender disparities in survival (1993 to 2002), stage and grade (1993 to 2007)J Urol2011185163162141945610.1016/j.juro.2010.12.049
GalvánGCFreedlandSJAvocados: a recipe for good guacamole or lower cancer risk?Cancer Prev Res (Philos)202316187910.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-23-0031
MinnerSKilguéAStahlPWeikertSRinkMDahlemRY chromosome loss is a frequent early event in urothelial bladder cancerPathology20104235692043840810.3109/00313021003767298
ClarkRVWaldJASwerdloffRSWangCWuFCWBowersLDLarge divergence in testosterone concentrations between men and women: Frame of reference for elite athletes in sex-specific competition in sports, a narrative reviewClin Endocrinol (Oxf)20199015221:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXis1SksbfI3013629510.1111/cen.13840
WangYChangQLiYRacial differences in urinary bladder cancer in the United StatesSci Rep2018830131523610402510.1038/s41598-018-29987-2
GriesbeckMZieglerSLaffontSSmithNChauveauLTomezskoPSex differences in plasmacytoid dendritic cell levels of IRF5 drive higher IFN-α production in womenJ Immunol20151955327361:CAS:528:DC%2BC2MXhvVOgsr%2FJ26519527465423110.4049/jimmunol.1501684
GoldsteinJTBergerACShihJDukeFFFurstLKwiatkowskiDJGenomic activation of PPARG reveals a candidate therapeutic axis in bladder cancerCancer Res2017776987981:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXhvFOgur%2FE28923856583532110.1158/0008-5472.CAN-17-1701
Sánchez-CarbayoMHypermethylation in bladder cancer: biological pathways and translational applicationsTumour Biol201233347612227492310.1007/s13277-011-0310-2
WilhelmCSKelseyKTButlerRPlazaSGagneLZensMSImplications of LINE1 methylation for bladder cancer risk in womenClin Cancer Res201016168291:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXisFSisbs%3D20179218283115610.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-2983
IdeHInoueSMiyamotoHHistopathological and prognostic significance of the expression of sex hormone receptors in bladder cancer: a meta-analysis of immunohistochemical studiesPLoS ONE201712e017474628362839537517810.1371/journal.pone.0174746
HayashiTFujitaKHayashiYHatanoKKawashimaAMcConkeyDJMutational Landscape and Environmental Effects in Bladder CancerInt J Mol Sci2020216072.32842545750365810.3390/ijms21176072
ThévenotEARouxAXuYEzanEJunotCAnalysis of the human adult urinary metabolome variations with age, body mass index, and gender by implementing a comprehensive workflow for univariate and OPLS statistical analysesJ Proteome Res2015143322352608881110.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00354
WhongsiriPPimratanaCWijitsettakulUJindatipDSanpavatASchulzWALINE-1 ORF1 protein is up-regulated by reactive oxygen species and associated with bladder urothelial carcinoma progressionCancer Genom Proteom201815143511:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXhs12ktrvF
TuygunCKankayaDImamogluASertcelikAZenginKOktayMSex-specific hormone receptors in urothelial carcinomas of the human urinary bladder: a comparative analysis of clinicopathological features and survival outcomes according to receptor expressionUrol Oncol20112943511:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXms1ag1937205710.1016/j.urolonc.2009.01.033
LuoYHenningJO’DonnellMATh1 cytokine-secreting recombinant Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin and prospective use in immunotherapy of bladder cancerClin Dev Immunol2011201172893021941579317396710.1155/2011/728930
InoshitaMNumataSTajimaAKinoshitaMUmeharaHYamamoriHSex differences of leukocytes DNA methylation adjusted for estimated cellular proportionsBiol Sex Differ201561126113971448090110.1186/s13293-015-0029-7
PortenSPEpigenetic alterations in bladder cancerCurr Urol Rep2018193035750210.1007/s11934-018-0861-5
KluthLAFajkovicHXylinasECrivelliJJPassoniNRouprêtMFemale gender is associated with higher risk of disease recurrence in patients with primary T1 high-grade urothelial carcinoma of the bladderWorld J Urol2013311029362319677310.1007/s00345-012-0996-9
RistMJRothAFrommherzLWeinertCHKrügerRMerzBMetabolite patterns predicting sex and age in participants of the Karlsruhe Metabolomics and Nutrition (KarMeN) studyPLoS ONE201712e018322828813537555897710.1371/journal.pone.0183228
WolpertBJAmrSEzzatSSalehDGoudaILoayIEstrogen exposure and bladder cancer risk in Egyptian womenMaturitas20106735371:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhsV2jsLrI20813471343317010.1016/j.maturitas.2010.07.014
FanSYeonAShahidMAngerJTEilberKSFiehnOSex-associated differences in baseline urinary metabolites of healthy adultsSci Rep2018830089834608286810.1038/s41598-018-29592-3
Amos-LandgrafJMHeijmansJWielengaMCDunkinEKrentzKJClipsonLSex disparity in colonic adenomagenesis involves promotion by male hormones, not protection by female hormonesProc Natl Acad Sci USA20141111651491:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhvVGksbjE25368192424630310.1073/pnas.1323064111
XieXLKakehashiAWeiMYamanoSTakeshitaMYunokiTL-Leucine and L-isoleucine enhance growth of BBN-induced urothelial tumors in the rat bladder by modulating expression of amino acid transporters and tumorigenesis-associated genesFood Chem Toxicol201359137441:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXht12hsr7F2374771810.1016/j.fct.2013.05.044
De PaepeEVan MeulebroekLRomboutsCHuysmanSVerplankenKLapauwBA validated multi-matrix platform for metabolomic fingerprinting of human urine, feces and plasma using ultra-high performance liquid-chromatography coupled to hybrid orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometryAnal Chim Acta2018103310818.3017231610.1016/j.aca.2018.06.065
DaughertySELaceyJVJr.PfeifferRMParkYHooverRNSilvermanDTReproductive factors and menopausal hormone therapy and bladder cancer risk in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health StudyInt J Cancer2013133462721:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXitlarsr0%3D23319449364691910.1002/ijc.28022
RendicSGuengerichFPContributions of human enzymes in carcinogen metabo
489_CR9
S Fan (489_CR38) 2018; 8
AH Smith (489_CR123) 2018; 110
Y Teramoto (489_CR83) 2021; 22
B Russell (489_CR12) 2022; 56
Z Zhang (489_CR112) 2019; 18
Z Ou (489_CR91) 2018; 50
D Goutas (489_CR8) 2021; 35
Z Ou (489_CR73) 2015; 6
S Ramakrishnan (489_CR119) 2019; 26
Y Feng (489_CR141) 2022; 14
M Hemelt (489_CR6) 2009; 124
G Godoy (489_CR82) 2016; 2
J Shou (489_CR17) 2021; 39
CD Hurst (489_CR105) 2017; 32
S Rendic (489_CR124) 2012; 25
K Zhang (489_CR33) 2019; 144
LD Ler (489_CR121) 2017; 9
JT Ark (489_CR23) 2017; 198
LA Kluth (489_CR47) 2013; 31
CH Li (489_CR109) 2020; 11
YM Al-Saraireh (489_CR127) 2021; 11
S Zhang (489_CR143) 2012; 18
489_CR4
489_CR1
XL Xie (489_CR44) 2013; 59
489_CR2
H Liu (489_CR32) 2015; 24
JA Girón-González (489_CR59) 2000; 143
489_CR49
W Yang (489_CR71) 2008; 49
T Sanford (489_CR130) 2018; 10
V Grajales (489_CR15) 2021; 151
E De Paepe (489_CR42) 2018; 1033
D Fantini (489_CR80) 2018; 37
S Hasan (489_CR46) 2022; 12
HS Fox (489_CR56) 1991; 146
X Wang (489_CR96) 2008; 29
MT Dorak (489_CR63) 2012; 3
K Wu (489_CR18) 2012; 24
D D’Andrea (489_CR52) 2021; 39
A Dunford (489_CR118) 2017; 49
S Haupt (489_CR116) 2019; 10
TJ Horton (489_CR37) 1998; 85
HM Mattern (489_CR113) 2007; 302
Y Shindo (489_CR70) 2015; 35
SP Porten (489_CR135) 2018; 19
M Koch (489_CR75) 2020; 12
JM Sung (489_CR22) 2019; 17
T Hayashi (489_CR107) 2020; 21
EM Wolff (489_CR140) 2010; 6
C Yan (489_CR45) 2017; 77
CD Hermann (489_CR74) 2021; 218
G Rosiello (489_CR16) 2021; 51
WE Naugler (489_CR67) 2007; 317
LA Donehower (489_CR117) 2019; 28
JJ Duplisea (489_CR14) 2019; 13
J Luo (489_CR134) 2021; 49
EY Yu (489_CR34) 2021; 19
D Gil (489_CR19) 2019; 32
J Marinaro (489_CR24) 2021; 151
EYW Yu (489_CR30) 2020; 124
EA Thévenot (489_CR40) 2015; 14
J Palou (489_CR48) 2012; 62
WJA Witlox (489_CR31) 2020; 59
P Whongsiri (489_CR139) 2018; 15
YA Nyame (489_CR27) 2020; 38
ND Freedman (489_CR5) 2011; 306
P Singmann (489_CR131) 2015; 8
GC Galván (489_CR35) 2023; 16
CH Li (489_CR108) 2018; 78
E Okajima (489_CR145) 1975; 3
T Budden (489_CR78) 2021; 27
A Bouman (489_CR58) 2004; 52
489_CR61
RV Clark (489_CR20) 2019; 90
M McGrath (489_CR87) 2006; 163
FX Bosch (489_CR69) 2004; 127
NC Briggs (489_CR10) 1992; 69
TL Rose (489_CR53) 2016; 122
S Imada (489_CR84) 1997; 31
Y Luo (489_CR60) 2011; 2011
S Chen (489_CR76) 2020; 191
T Garg (489_CR50) 2014; 192
LA Hugar (489_CR54) 2019; 124
A Hamade (489_CR81) 2022; 13
MJ Rist (489_CR41) 2017; 12
C Stapelfeld (489_CR128) 2017; 276
B Panning (489_CR102) 2008; 7
M Sánchez-Carbayo (489_CR137) 2012; 33
CS Wilhelm (489_CR138) 2010; 16
AG Robertson (489_CR106) 2017; 171
LA Forsberg (489_CR99) 2017; 136
E Kashiwagi (489_CR94) 2016; 7
G Sauter (489_CR100) 1995; 82
S Kaneko (489_CR103) 2018; 4
F Cavallo (489_CR66) 2011; 60
K Mallin (489_CR28) 2011; 185
JB Overdevest (489_CR72) 2012; 109
Y Wang (489_CR21) 2018; 8
F Conforti (489_CR68) 2021; 27
J An (489_CR95) 1999; 96
OA Grant (489_CR132) 2022; 14
H Kwon (489_CR85) 2022; 7
KN Danforth (489_CR26) 2020; 18
M Gershoni (489_CR111) 2014; 5
H Sung (489_CR3) 2021; 71
SS Shen (489_CR90) 2006; 106
S Minner (489_CR98) 2010; 42
Z Li (489_CR144) 2021; 13
BJ Wolpert (489_CR88) 2010; 67
489_CR101
Z Klaassen (489_CR29) 2016; 14
M Inoshita (489_CR133) 2015; 6
C Tuygun (489_CR92) 2011; 29
SE Daugherty (489_CR86) 2013; 133
MG Thompson (489_CR77) 2017; 66
JA Tomolonis (489_CR97) 2023; 11
LB Alexandrov (489_CR110) 2013; 500
RS Scotland (489_CR62) 2011; 118
E Kashiwagi (489_CR93) 2016; 17
C Stapelfeld (489_CR129) 2017; 405
O Reed (489_CR7) 2020; 15
MC Villacres (489_CR64) 2004; 65
M Griesbeck (489_CR65) 2015; 195
H Ide (489_CR89) 2017; 12
X Chen (489_CR120) 2021; 21
CY Leung (489_CR36) 2021; 11
T Zhou (489_CR126) 2018; 18
JM Amos-Landgraf (489_CR79) 2014; 111
S Vasudevan (489_CR39) 1987; 15
B Gunlusoy (489_CR13) 2016; 32
T Reinert (489_CR136) 2011; 17
TR Church (489_CR125) 2010; 1
J Wan (489_CR11) 1989; 64
K Mori (489_CR51) 2023; 41
K Kobatake (489_CR122) 2020; 26
JT Goldstein (489_CR114) 2017; 77
M Cárdenas-Turanzas (489_CR25) 2006; 108
X Wu (489_CR115) 2020; 11
Y Yuan (489_CR142) 2016; 29
A Hewagama (489_CR55) 2009; 10
T Tukiainen (489_CR104) 2017; 550
I Ben-Batalla (489_CR57) 2020; 11
B Hwang (489_CR43) 2019; 74
References_xml – reference: XieXLKakehashiAWeiMYamanoSTakeshitaMYunokiTL-Leucine and L-isoleucine enhance growth of BBN-induced urothelial tumors in the rat bladder by modulating expression of amino acid transporters and tumorigenesis-associated genesFood Chem Toxicol201359137441:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXht12hsr7F2374771810.1016/j.fct.2013.05.044
– reference: ReedOJubberIGriffinJNoonAPGoodwinLHussainSOccupational bladder cancer: a cross section survey of previous employments, tasks and exposures matched to cancer phenotypesPLoS ONE202015e02393381:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXit1Sht73E33085669757744810.1371/journal.pone.0239338
– reference: Ben-BatallaIVargas-DelgadoMEvon AmsbergGJanningMLogesSInfluence of androgens on immunity to self and foreign: effects on immunity and cancerFront Immunol20201111841:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXitVWnu7%2FL32714315734624910.3389/fimmu.2020.01184
– reference: Institute NC. Cancer Health Disparities Definitions and Examplesr. 2015.
– reference: Messing E, Wein A, Kavoussi L, Novick A, Partin A, Peters C. Campbell-Walsh urology. Saunders Philadelphia, PA; 2007.
– reference: Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Novick AC, Partin AW, Peters CA. Campbell-Walsh urology: expert consult premium edition: enhanced online features and print, 4-volume set: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2011.
– reference: GalvánGCFreedlandSJAvocados: a recipe for good guacamole or lower cancer risk?Cancer Prev Res (Philos)202316187910.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-23-0031
– reference: FanSYeonAShahidMAngerJTEilberKSFiehnOSex-associated differences in baseline urinary metabolites of healthy adultsSci Rep2018830089834608286810.1038/s41598-018-29592-3
– reference: RussellBLiedbergFHagbergOUllénASöderkvistKStröckVRisk of bladder cancer death in patients younger than 50 with non-muscle-invasive and muscle-invasive bladder cancerScand J Urol20225627333477587310.1080/21681805.2021.2002399
– reference: ZhangKDaiHLiangWZhangLDengZFermented dairy foods intake and risk of cancerInt J Cancer20191442099108.1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXitlyhtr%2FM3037496710.1002/ijc.31959
– reference: TuygunCKankayaDImamogluASertcelikAZenginKOktayMSex-specific hormone receptors in urothelial carcinomas of the human urinary bladder: a comparative analysis of clinicopathological features and survival outcomes according to receptor expressionUrol Oncol20112943511:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXms1ag1937205710.1016/j.urolonc.2009.01.033
– reference: LiCHProkopecSDSunRXYousifFSchmitzNBoutrosPCSex differences in oncogenic mutational processesNat Commun2020111:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXhslajsLnE32859912745574410.1038/s41467-020-17359-2
– reference: LiuHWangXCHuGHGuoZFLaiPXuLFruit and vegetable consumption and risk of bladder cancer: an updated meta-analysis of observational studiesEur J Cancer Prev201524508161:CAS:528:DC%2BC2MXhsFyitrzF2564279110.1097/CEJ.0000000000000119
– reference: LuoYHenningJO’DonnellMATh1 cytokine-secreting recombinant Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin and prospective use in immunotherapy of bladder cancerClin Dev Immunol2011201172893021941579317396710.1155/2011/728930
– reference: IdeHInoueSMiyamotoHHistopathological and prognostic significance of the expression of sex hormone receptors in bladder cancer: a meta-analysis of immunohistochemical studiesPLoS ONE201712e017474628362839537517810.1371/journal.pone.0174746
– reference: GrajalesVBandariJHaleNEYabesJGTurnerRM2ndFamMMAssociations between female sex and treatment patterns and outcomes for muscle-invasive bladder cancerUrology202115116975.3267367910.1016/j.urology.2020.06.058
– reference: McGrathMMichaudDSDeVivoIHormonal and reproductive factors and the risk of bladder cancer in womenAm J Epidemiol2006163236441631929010.1093/aje/kwj028
– reference: DunfordAWeinstockDMSavovaVSchumacherSEClearyJPYodaATumor-suppressor genes that escape from X-inactivation contribute to cancer sex biasNat Genet2017491061:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XhvFGqu7bN2786982810.1038/ng.3726
– reference: DaughertySELaceyJVJr.PfeifferRMParkYHooverRNSilvermanDTReproductive factors and menopausal hormone therapy and bladder cancer risk in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health StudyInt J Cancer2013133462721:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXitlarsr0%3D23319449364691910.1002/ijc.28022
– reference: WitloxWJAvan OschFHMBrinkmanMJochemsSGoossensMEWeiderpassEAn inverse association between the Mediterranean diet and bladder cancer risk: a pooled analysis of 13 cohort studiesEur J Nutr20205928796.3073756210.1007/s00394-019-01907-8
– reference: MallinKDavidKACarrollPRMilowskyMINanusDMTransitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: racial and gender disparities in survival (1993 to 2002), stage and grade (1993 to 2007)J Urol2011185163162141945610.1016/j.juro.2010.12.049
– reference: NauglerWESakuraiTKimSMaedaSKimKElsharkawyAMGender disparity in liver cancer due to sex differences in MyD88-dependent IL-6 productionScience200731712141:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXnt1SjtLc%3D1761535810.1126/science.1140485
– reference: WangXLinYTumor necrosis factor and cancer, buddies or foes?Acta Pharm Sin20082912758810.1111/j.1745-7254.2008.00889.x
– reference: HwangBShinSSSongJHChoiYHKimWJMoonSKCarnosine exerts antitumor activity against bladder cancers in vitro and in vivo via suppression of angiogenesisJ Nutr Biochem2019741082301:CAS:528:DC%2BC1MXitFWjsLvL3168310110.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108230
– reference: FoxHSBondBLParslowTGEstrogen regulates the IFN-gamma promoterJ Immunol1991146436271:CAS:528:DyaK3MXlsFSru78%3D190408110.4049/jimmunol.146.12.4362
– reference: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control CfDCaP. Bladder cancer 2022. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/bladder/index.htm.
– reference: ScotlandRSStablesMJMadalliSWatsonPGilroyDWSex differences in resident immune cell phenotype underlie more efficient acute inflammatory responses in female miceBlood20111185918271:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhs1ShtrbE2191183410.1182/blood-2011-03-340281
– reference: WanJGrossmanHBBladder carcinoma in patients age 40 years or youngerCancer198964178811:STN:280:DyaL1M3nsV2rsA%3D%3D273111210.1002/1097-0142(19890701)64:1<178::AID-CNCR2820640130>3.0.CO;2-B
– reference: KluthLAFajkovicHXylinasECrivelliJJPassoniNRouprêtMFemale gender is associated with higher risk of disease recurrence in patients with primary T1 high-grade urothelial carcinoma of the bladderWorld J Urol2013311029362319677310.1007/s00345-012-0996-9
– reference: VasudevanSLaconiEAbanobiSERaoPMRajalakshmiSSarmaDSEffect of glycine on the induction of orotic aciduria and urinary bladder tumorigenesis in the ratToxicol Pathol19871519471:CAS:528:DyaL2sXlslemsrc%3D361640310.1177/019262338701500211
– reference: HemeltMYamamotoHChengKKZeegersMPThe effect of smoking on the male excess of bladder cancer: a meta-analysis and geographical analysesInt J Cancer200912441291:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhvFejtQ%3D%3D1879210210.1002/ijc.23856
– reference: BriggsNCYoungTBGilchristKWVaillancourtAMMessingEMAge as a predictor of an aggressive clinical course for superficial bladder cancer in menCancer1992691445511:STN:280:DyaK387nsVSktg%3D%3D154088210.1002/1097-0142(19920315)69:6<1445::AID-CNCR2820690623>3.0.CO;2-S
– reference: Cárdenas-TuranzasMCooksleyCPettawayCASabichiAGrossmanHBEltingLComparative outcomes of bladder cancerObstet Gynecol2006108169751681607210.1097/01.AOG.0000223885.25192.91
– reference: ArkJTAlvarezJRKoyamaTBassettJCBlotWJMummaMTVariation in the diagnostic evaluation among persons with hematuria: influence of gender, race and risk factors for bladder cancerJ Urol20171981033828655530582795110.1016/j.juro.2017.06.083
– reference: De PaepeEVan MeulebroekLRomboutsCHuysmanSVerplankenKLapauwBA validated multi-matrix platform for metabolomic fingerprinting of human urine, feces and plasma using ultra-high performance liquid-chromatography coupled to hybrid orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometryAnal Chim Acta2018103310818.3017231610.1016/j.aca.2018.06.065
– reference: LiCHHaiderSShiahYJThaiKBoutrosPCSex differences in cancer driver genes and biomarkersCancer Res2018785527371:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXitlSjur7E3027505210.1158/0008-5472.CAN-18-0362
– reference: MarinaroJZeymoAEganJCarvalhoFKrasnowRStamatakisLSex and racial disparities in the treatment and outcomes of muscle-invasive bladder cancerUrology202115115462.3281048110.1016/j.urology.2020.06.087
– reference: GrantOAWangYKumariMZabetNRSchalkwykLCharacterising sex differences of autosomal DNA methylation in whole blood using the Illumina EPIC arrayClin Epigenet2022141:CAS:528:DC%2BB38XhslGht7jE10.1186/s13148-022-01279-7
– reference: WolffEMByunHMHanHFSharmaSNicholsPWSiegmundKDHypomethylation of a LINE-1 promoter activates an alternate transcript of the MET oncogene in bladders with cancerPLoS Genet20106e100091720421991285867210.1371/journal.pgen.1000917
– reference: ShindoYYoshimuraKKuramasuAWatanabeYItoHKondoTCombination immunotherapy with 4-1BB activation and PD-1 blockade enhances antitumor efficacy in a mouse model of subcutaneous tumorAnticancer Res201535129361:CAS:528:DC%2BC2MXhtFGisbg%3D25550543
– reference: RamakrishnanSGrangerVRakMHuQAttwoodKAquilaLInhibition of EZH2 induces NK cell-mediated differentiation and death in muscle-invasive bladder cancerCell Death Differ2019262100141:CAS:528:DC%2BC1MXhtFSmsLvO30692641674810510.1038/s41418-019-0278-9
– reference: MoriKYanagisawaTKatayamaSLaukhtinaEPradereBMostafaeiHImpact of sex on outcomes after surgery for non-muscle-invasive and muscle-invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysisWorld J Urol20234190919.3596395710.1007/s00345-022-04116-x
– reference: BuddenTGaudy-MarquesteCCraigSHuYEarnshawCHGurungSFemale immunity protects from cutaneous squamous cell carcinomaClin Cancer Res202127321523.1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3MXhvVejtLzO33795258761361010.1158/1078-0432.CCR-20-4261
– reference: YanCYangQGongZTumor-associated neutrophils and macrophages promote gender disparity in hepatocellular carcinoma in zebrafishCancer Res2017771395407.1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXktFOmtbc%3D2820251210.1158/0008-5472.CAN-16-2200
– reference: WuXLvDCaiCZhaoZWangMChenWA TP53-associated immune prognostic signature for the prediction of overall survival and therapeutic responses in muscle-invasive bladder cancerFront Immunol2020115906181:CAS:528:DC%2BB3MXitVCksL8%3D33391264777401510.3389/fimmu.2020.590618
– reference: ThompsonMGPeifferDSLarsonMNavarroFWatkinsSKFOXO3, estrogen receptor alpha, and androgen receptor impact tumor growth rate and infiltration of dendritic cell subsets differentially between male and female miceCancer Immunol Immunother20176661525.1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXjsVCltLg%3D2822921710.1007/s00262-017-1972-4
– reference: Sánchez-CarbayoMHypermethylation in bladder cancer: biological pathways and translational applicationsTumour Biol201233347612227492310.1007/s13277-011-0310-2
– reference: Girón-GonzálezJAMoralFJElviraJGarcía-GilDGuerreroFGavilánIConsistent production of a higher TH1:TH2 cytokine ratio by stimulated T cells in men compared with womenEur J Endocrinol20001433161087002810.1530/eje.0.1430031
– reference: LeungCYAbeSKSawadaNIshiharaJTakachiRYamajiTSugary drink consumption and risk of kidney and bladder cancer in Japanese adultsSci Rep2021111:CAS:528:DC%2BB3MXisVamsrbO34737349856890510.1038/s41598-021-01103-x
– reference: ImadaSAkazaHAmiYKoisoKIdeyamaYTakenakaTPromoting effects and mechanisms of action of androgen in bladder carcinogenesis in male ratsEur Urol19973136041:CAS:528:DyaK1cXlsVajs7o%3D912993210.1159/000474484
– reference: HortonTJPagliassottiMJHobbsKHillJOFuel metabolism in men and women during and after long-duration exerciseJ Appl Physiol1998851823321:STN:280:DyaK1M%2FitFKnsg%3D%3D980458710.1152/jappl.1998.85.5.1823
– reference: BoschFXRibesJDíazMClériesRPrimary liver cancer: worldwide incidence and trendsGastroenterology2004127S5s161550810210.1053/j.gastro.2004.09.011
– reference: Zwahlen M, Stute P Impact of progesterone on the immune system in women: a systematic literature review. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2023:1–10.
– reference: YuEYWWesseliusASinhartCWolkASternMCJiangXA data mining approach to investigate food groups related to incidence of bladder cancer in the BLadder cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants International StudyBr J Nutr202012461191:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXhsFKgsr3N32321598942998110.1017/S0007114520001439
– reference: GodoyGGakisGSmithCLFahmyOEffects of androgen and estrogen receptor signaling pathways on bladder cancer initiation and progressionBladder Cancer2016212737.27376135492789810.3233/BLC-160052
– reference: HasanSLazarevSGargMMehtaKPressRHChhabraARacial inequity and other social disparities in the diagnosis and management of bladder cancerCancer Med20221264065035674112984464810.1002/cam4.4917
– reference: ClarkRVWaldJASwerdloffRSWangCWuFCWBowersLDLarge divergence in testosterone concentrations between men and women: Frame of reference for elite athletes in sex-specific competition in sports, a narrative reviewClin Endocrinol (Oxf)20199015221:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXis1SksbfI3013629510.1111/cen.13840
– reference: StapelfeldCMaserESex hormones reduce NNK detoxification through inhibition of short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases and aldo-keto reductases in vitroChem Biol Interact2017276167731:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXjslWrs7w%3D2825795510.1016/j.cbi.2017.02.016
– reference: OuZWangYChenJTaoLZuoLSahasrabudheDEstrogen receptor β promotes bladder cancer growth and invasion via alteration of miR-92a/DAB2IP signalsExp Mol Med2018501113045940510.1038/s12276-018-0155-5
– reference: RobertsonAGKimJAl-AhmadieHBellmuntJGuoGCherniackADComprehensive molecular characterization of muscle-invasive bladder cancerCell201717154056.e251:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXhs1aisbfP28988769568750910.1016/j.cell.2017.09.007
– reference: SanfordTMengMVRailkarRAgarwalPKPortenSPIntegrative analysis of the epigenetic basis of muscle-invasive urothelial carcinomaClin Epigenet20181010.1186/s13148-018-0451-x
– reference: TukiainenTVillaniA-CYenARivasMAMarshallJLSatijaRLandscape of X chromosome inactivation across human tissuesNature2017550244829022598568519210.1038/nature24265
– reference: KashiwagiEIdeHInoueSKawaharaTZhengYReisLOAndrogen receptor activity modulates responses to cisplatin treatment in bladder cancerOncotarget201674916979.27322140522649910.18632/oncotarget.9994
– reference: CavalloFDe GiovanniCNanniPForniGLolliniPL2011: the immune hallmarks of cancerCancer Immunol Immunother201160319261:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXit1Gqsb0%3D21267721304209610.1007/s00262-010-0968-0
– reference: ShouJZhangQZhangDThe prognostic effect of metastasis patterns on overall survival in patients with distant metastatic bladder cancer: a SEER population-based analysisWorld J Urol202139415183402859410.1007/s00345-021-03721-6
– reference: KochMReinartzSSaggauJKnittelGRosenNFedorchenkoOMeta-analysis reveals significant sex differences in chronic lymphocytic leukemia progression in the Eµ-TCL1 transgenic mouse modelCancers (Basel)2020121980.3269853810.3390/cancers12071980
– reference: WhongsiriPPimratanaCWijitsettakulUJindatipDSanpavatASchulzWALINE-1 ORF1 protein is up-regulated by reactive oxygen species and associated with bladder urothelial carcinoma progressionCancer Genom Proteom201815143511:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXhs12ktrvF
– reference: SungJMMartinJWJeffersonFASidhomDAPiranvisehKHuangMRacial and socioeconomic disparities in bladder cancer survival: analysis of the California Cancer RegistryClin Genitourin Cancer201917e995e100231239240782174810.1016/j.clgc.2019.05.008
– reference: HewagamaAPatelDYarlagaddaSStricklandFMRichardsonBCStronger inflammatory/cytotoxic T-cell response in women identified by microarray analysisGenes Immun200910509161:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXptVaqs70%3D19279650273533210.1038/gene.2009.12
– reference: PanningBX-chromosome inactivation: the molecular basis of silencingJ Biol2008718983701277640110.1186/jbiol95
– reference: PalouJSylvesterRJFabaORParadaRPeñaJAAlgabaFFemale gender and carcinoma in situ in the prostatic urethra are prognostic factors for recurrence, progression, and disease-specific mortality in T1G3 bladder cancer patients treated with bacillus Calmette-GuérinEur Urol201262118252210111510.1016/j.eururo.2011.10.029
– reference: ShenSSSmithCLHsiehJTYuJKimIYJianWExpression of estrogen receptors-alpha and -beta in bladder cancer cell lines and human bladder tumor tissueCancer2006106261061:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xms1SitrY%3D1670003810.1002/cncr.21945
– reference: Abdel-Hafiz HA, Schafer JM, Chen X, Xiao T, Gauntner TD, Li Z, et al. Y chromosome loss in cancer drives growth by evasion of adaptive immunity. Nature. 2023;624–631.
– reference: BoumanASchipperMHeinemanMJFaasMMGender difference in the non-specific and specific immune response in humansAm J Reprod Immunol20045219261521493810.1111/j.1600-0897.2004.00177.x
– reference: InoshitaMNumataSTajimaAKinoshitaMUmeharaHYamamoriHSex differences of leukocytes DNA methylation adjusted for estimated cellular proportionsBiol Sex Differ201561126113971448090110.1186/s13293-015-0029-7
– reference: VillacresMCLongmateJAugeCDiamondDJPredominant type 1 CMV-specific memory T-helper response in humans: evidence for gender differences in cytokine secretionHum Immunol200465476851:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXksVCjtr0%3D1517244710.1016/j.humimm.2004.02.021
– reference: D’AndreaDSoriaFGrotenhuisAJChaEKMalatsNDi StasiSAssociation of patients’ sex with treatment outcomes after intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy for T1G3/HG bladder cancerWorld J Urol202139333744.33713162851095610.1007/s00345-021-03653-1
– reference: LiZZhengWWangHChengYFangYWuFApplication of animal models in cancer research: recent progress and future prospectsCancer Manag Res2021132455751:CAS:528:DC%2BB38XnvVyks7s%3D33758544797934310.2147/CMAR.S302565
– reference: GunlusoyBCeylanYDegirmenciTAydogduOBozkurtIHYongucTThe potential effect of age on the natural behavior of bladder cancer: Does urothelial cell carcinoma progress differently in various age groups?Kaohsiung J Med Sci20163226162731658510.1016/j.kjms.2016.03.002
– reference: OuZWangYLiuLLiLYehSQiLTumor microenvironment B cells increase bladder cancer metastasis via modulation of the IL-8/androgen receptor (AR)/MMPs signalsOncotarget20156260657826305549469488610.18632/oncotarget.4569
– reference: FengYYangZXuXc-Met: a promising therapeutic target in bladder cancerCancer Manag Res20221423798835967753937432810.2147/CMAR.S369175
– reference: ChenSGongZLetcherRJLiuCPromotion effect of liver tumor progression in male kras transgenic zebrafish induced by tris (1, 3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphateEcotoxicol Environ Saf20201911102201:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXhslWjsrs%3D3199139410.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110220
– reference: StapelfeldCNeumannKTMaserEDifferent inhibitory potential of sex hormones on NNK detoxification in vitro: A possible explanation for gender-specific lung cancer riskCancer Lett201740512061:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXht1eqtbbE2874353010.1016/j.canlet.2017.07.016
– reference: OverdevestJBKnubelKHDuexJEThomasSNitzMDHardingMACD24 expression is important in male urothelial tumorigenesis and metastasis in mice and is androgen regulatedProc Natl Acad Sci USA2012109E3588961:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXmvFOktg%3D%3D23012401352907110.1073/pnas.1113960109
– reference: DorakMTKarpuzogluEGender differences in cancer susceptibility: an inadequately addressed issueFront Genet2012326823226157350842610.3389/fgene.2012.00268
– reference: HauptSCaramiaFHerschtalASoussiTLozanoGChenHIdentification of cancer sex-disparity in the functional integrity of p53 and its X chromosome networkNat Commun20191031772231687976510.1038/s41467-019-13266-3
– reference: LerLDGhoshSChaiXThikeAAHengHLSiewEYLoss of tumor suppressor KDM6A amplifies PRC2-regulated transcriptional repression in bladder cancer and can be targeted through inhibition of EZH2Sci Transl Med20179eaai83122822860110.1126/scitranslmed.aai8312
– reference: GoldsteinJTBergerACShihJDukeFFFurstLKwiatkowskiDJGenomic activation of PPARG reveals a candidate therapeutic axis in bladder cancerCancer Res2017776987981:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXhvFOgur%2FE28923856583532110.1158/0008-5472.CAN-17-1701
– reference: OkajimaEHiramatsuTIriyaKIjuinMMatsushimaSEffects of sex hormones on development of urinary bladder tumours in rats induced by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamineUrol Res197537391:CAS:528:DyaE2MXmtVaiur0%3D116280210.1007/BF00256185
– reference: PortenSPEpigenetic alterations in bladder cancerCurr Urol Rep2018193035750210.1007/s11934-018-0861-5
– reference: HayashiTFujitaKHayashiYHatanoKKawashimaAMcConkeyDJMutational Landscape and Environmental Effects in Bladder CancerInt J Mol Sci2020216072.32842545750365810.3390/ijms21176072
– reference: YangWChenPWLiHAlizadehHNiederkornJYPD-L1: PD-1 interaction contributes to the functional suppression of T-cell responses to human uveal melanoma cells in vitroInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci2008492518251829665410.1167/iovs.07-1606
– reference: YuEYWesseliusAMehrkanoonSGoosensMBrinkmanMvan den BrandtPVegetable intake and the risk of bladder cancer in the BLadder Cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants (BLEND) international studyBMC Med2021191:CAS:528:DC%2BB3MXhtFCnt7jI33685459794217210.1186/s12916-021-01931-8
– reference: ConfortiFPalaLPaganEBagnardiVDe PasTQueiroloPSex-based dimorphism of anticancer immune response and molecular mechanisms of immune evasionClin Cancer Res202127431124.1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3MXitValsr3I34016641761146310.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-0136
– reference: ForsbergLALoss of chromosome Y (LOY) in blood cells is associated with increased risk for disease and mortality in aging menHum Genet2017136657631:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXmsFCqtrY%3D28424864541831010.1007/s00439-017-1799-2
– reference: NyameYABakerKKMontgomeryRBGrivasPRedmanMWWrightJLRacial and sex differences in somatic mutations in bladder cancer patients: an analysis of the cBioPortal for Cancer GenomicsJ Clin Oncol20203855610.1200/JCO.2020.38.6_suppl.556
– reference: KlaassenZDiBiancoJMJenRPEvansAJReinstatlerLTerrisMKFemale, black, and unmarried patients are more likely to present with metastatic bladder urothelial carcinomaClin Genitourin Cancer201614e489e92.2721204210.1016/j.clgc.2016.04.006
– reference: WolpertBJAmrSEzzatSSalehDGoudaILoayIEstrogen exposure and bladder cancer risk in Egyptian womenMaturitas20106735371:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhsV2jsLrI20813471343317010.1016/j.maturitas.2010.07.014
– reference: RoseTLDealAMNielsenMESmithABMilowskyMISex disparities in use of chemotherapy and survival in patients with advanced bladder cancerCancer20161222012202722466110.1002/cncr.30029
– reference: RistMJRothAFrommherzLWeinertCHKrügerRMerzBMetabolite patterns predicting sex and age in participants of the Karlsruhe Metabolomics and Nutrition (KarMeN) studyPLoS ONE201712e018322828813537555897710.1371/journal.pone.0183228
– reference: DupliseaJJMasonRJReichardCALiRShenYBoorjianSATrends and disparities in the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for muscle-invasive urothelial carcinomaCan Urol Assoc J201913248301380986363565
– reference: YuanYLiuLChenHWangYXuYMaoHComprehensive characterization of molecular differences in cancer between male and female patientsCancer Cell201629711221:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XnslKnsLg%3D27165743486495110.1016/j.ccell.2016.04.001
– reference: ZhangZXuHJiJShiXLyuJZhuYHeterogeneity of PTEN and PPAR-γ in cancer and their prognostic application to bladder cancerExp Ther Med2019183177831:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXoslentg%3D%3D315553906755423
– reference: Health OoRoWs. What are Sex & Gender: National Institutes of Health. Available from: https://orwh.od.nih.gov/sex-gender.
– reference: SauterGMochHWagnerUNovotnaHGasserTCMattarelliGY chromosome loss detected by FISH in bladder cancerCancer Genet Cytogenet19958216391:STN:280:DyaK2MzptleksQ%3D%3D766424810.1016/0165-4608(95)00030-S
– reference: DonehowerLASoussiTKorkutALiuYSchultzACardenasMIntegrated analysis of TP53 gene and pathway alterations in The Cancer Genome AtlasCell Rep201928137084.e51:CAS:528:DC%2BC1MXhsFSrsbjI31365877754653910.1016/j.celrep.2019.07.001
– reference: TeramotoYJiangGGotoTMizushimaTNagataYNettoGJAndrogen Receptor Signaling Induces Cisplatin Resistance via Down-Regulating GULP1 Expression in Bladder CancerInt J Mol Sci20212210030.34576193846643610.3390/ijms221810030
– reference: TomolonisJAXuXDholakiaKHZhangCGuoLCourtneyANInteraction between tumor cell TNFR2 and monocyte membrane-bound TNF-α triggers tumorigenic inflammation in neuroblastomaJ Immunother Cancer202311e005478.368822251000832910.1136/jitc-2022-005478
– reference: ZhangSLiuXBawa-KhalfeTLuLSLyuYLLiuLFIdentification of the molecular basis of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicityNat Med2012181639422310413210.1038/nm.2919
– reference: FreedmanNDSilvermanDTHollenbeckARSchatzkinAAbnetCCAssociation between smoking and risk of bladder cancer among men and womenJ Am Med Assoc2011306737451:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhtVGqtbrE10.1001/jama.2011.1142
– reference: KashiwagiEFujitaKYamaguchiSFushimiHIdeHInoueSExpression of steroid hormone receptors and its prognostic significance in urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tractCancer Biol Ther201617118896.1:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XhslKltb%2FM27635763513748610.1080/15384047.2016.1235667
– reference: GriesbeckMZieglerSLaffontSSmithNChauveauLTomezskoPSex differences in plasmacytoid dendritic cell levels of IRF5 drive higher IFN-α production in womenJ Immunol20151955327361:CAS:528:DC%2BC2MXhvVOgsr%2FJ26519527465423110.4049/jimmunol.1501684
– reference: MinnerSKilguéAStahlPWeikertSRinkMDahlemRY chromosome loss is a frequent early event in urothelial bladder cancerPathology20104235692043840810.3109/00313021003767298
– reference: ReinertTModinCCastanoFMLamyPWojdaczTKHansenLLComprehensive genome methylation analysis in bladder cancer: identification and validation of novel methylated genes and application of these as urinary tumor markersClin Cancer Res2011175582921:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhtFSmtLbI2178835410.1158/1078-0432.CCR-10-2659
– reference: DanforthKNLuongTQYiDKYamamotoAKawatkarAAKimPHDisparities in stage at diagnosis in an equal-access integrated delivery system: a retrospective cohort study of 7244 patients with bladder cancerClin Genitourin Cancer202018e91e1023191717410.1016/j.clgc.2019.09.002
– reference: SmithAHMarshallGRohTFerreccioCLiawJSteinmausCLung, bladder, and kidney cancer mortality 40 years after arsenic exposure reductionJ Natl Cancer Inst201811024192906950510.1093/jnci/djx201
– reference: GargTPinheiroLCAtoriaCLDonatSMWeissmanJSHerrHWGender disparities in hematuria evaluation and bladder cancer diagnosis: a population based analysisJ Urol20141921072724835058426039510.1016/j.juro.2014.04.101
– reference: RosielloGPalumboCDeukerMStolzenbachLFMartinTTianZSex- and age-related differences in the distribution of bladder cancer metastasesJpn J Clin Oncol20215197683.3355889010.1093/jjco/hyaa273
– reference: HermannCDSchoepsBEckfeldCMunkhbaatarEKniepLProkopchukOTIMP1 expression underlies sex disparity in liver metastasis and survival in pancreatic cancerJ Exp Med2021218e20210911.34533565848066810.1084/jem.20210911
– reference: KanekoSLiXX chromosome protects against bladder cancer in females via a KDM6A-dependent epigenetic mechanismSci Adv20184eaar559829928692600715910.1126/sciadv.aar5598
– reference: HurstCDAlderOPlattFMDroopASteadLFBurnsJEGenomic subtypes of non-invasive bladder cancer with distinct metabolic profile and female gender bias in KDM6A mutation frequencyCancer Cell20173270115.e71:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXhvVShs7fO29136510577467410.1016/j.ccell.2017.08.005
– reference: WangYChangQLiYRacial differences in urinary bladder cancer in the United StatesSci Rep2018830131523610402510.1038/s41598-018-29987-2
– reference: MatternHMLloydPGSturekMHardinCDGender and genetic differences in bladder smooth muscle PPAR mRNA in a porcine model of the metabolic syndromeMol Cell Biochem20073024391:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXotVKqu7o%3D1731840610.1007/s11010-007-9423-8
– reference: WuKFanJZhangLNingZZengJZhouJPI3K/Akt to GSK3β/β-catenin signaling cascade coordinates cell colonization for bladder cancer bone metastasis through regulating ZEB1 transcriptionCell Signal2012242273821:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhsVCnsb7J2290649210.1016/j.cellsig.2012.08.004
– reference: ChenXLinXPangGDengJXieQZhangZSignificance of KDM6A mutation in bladder cancer immune escapeBMC Cancer2021211:CAS:528:DC%2BB3MXhsVahtb%2FJ34051747816432910.1186/s12885-021-08372-9
– reference: WilhelmCSKelseyKTButlerRPlazaSGagneLZensMSImplications of LINE1 methylation for bladder cancer risk in womenClin Cancer Res201016168291:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXisFSisbs%3D20179218283115610.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-2983
– reference: GoutasDTzortzisAGakiopoulouHVlachodimitropoulosDGiannopoulouILazarisACContemporary molecular classification of urinary bladder cancerVivo20213575801:CAS:528:DC%2BB3MXjsVyqt7s%3D10.21873/invivo.12234
– reference: ThévenotEARouxAXuYEzanEJunotCAnalysis of the human adult urinary metabolome variations with age, body mass index, and gender by implementing a comprehensive workflow for univariate and OPLS statistical analysesJ Proteome Res2015143322352608881110.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00354
– reference: GershoniMPietrokovskiSReduced selection and accumulation of deleterious mutations in genes exclusively expressed in menNat Commun201451:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXitVaksLnO2501476210.1038/ncomms5438
– reference: FantiniDGlaserAPRimarKJWangYSchipmaMVargheseNA Carcinogen-induced mouse model recapitulates the molecular alterations of human muscle invasive bladder cancerOncogene201837191125.1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXkslGhur4%3D29367767588698810.1038/s41388-017-0099-6
– reference: AnJRibeiroRCWebbPGustafssonJAKushnerPJBaxterJDEstradiol repression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha transcription requires estrogen receptor activation function-2 and is enhanced by coactivatorsProc Natl Acad Sci USA1999961516161:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXhtFaqtw%3D%3D106113552479010.1073/pnas.96.26.15161
– reference: HamadeALiDTyryshkinKXuMConseilGYolmoPSex differences in the aging murine urinary bladder and influence on the tumor immune microenvironment of a carcinogen-induced model of bladder cancerBiol Sex Diff2022131:CAS:528:DC%2BB38XhsVansL%2FF10.1186/s13293-022-00428-0
– reference: AlexandrovLBNik-ZainalSWedgeDCAparicioSABehjatiSBiankinAVSignatures of mutational processes in human cancerNature2013500415211:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhtlWjur7M23945592377639010.1038/nature12477
– reference: GilDZarzyckaMDulińska-LitewkaJCiołczyk-WierzbickaDLekkaMLaidlerPDihydrotestosterone increases the risk of bladder cancer in menHum Cell20193237989.1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXlsVaktLY%3D31119584657069810.1007/s13577-019-00255-3
– reference: ChurchTRHaznadarMGeisserMSAndersonKECaporasoNELeCInteraction of CYP1B1, cigarette-smoke carcinogen metabolism, and lung cancer riskInt J Mol Epidemiol Genet201012953091:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhtVagt7nP215328413076775
– reference: SungHFerlayJSiegelRLLaversanneMSoerjomataramIJemalAGlobal cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countriesCA Cancer J Clin202171209493353833810.3322/caac.21660
– reference: SingmannPShem-TovDWahlSGrallertHFioritoGShinSYCharacterization of whole-genome autosomal differences of DNA methylation between men and womenEpigenet Chromatin201584310.1186/s13072-015-0035-3
– reference: KobatakeKIkedaKINakataYYamasakiNUedaTKanaiAKdm6a deficiency activates inflammatory pathways, promotes M2 macrophage polarization, and causes bladder cancer in cooperation with p53 dysfunctionClin Cancer Res2020262065791:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXitVKrt7vN3204700210.1158/1078-0432.CCR-19-2230
– reference: RendicSGuengerichFPContributions of human enzymes in carcinogen metabolismChem Res Toxicol2012251316831:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XlvFGjsrY%3D22531028339824110.1021/tx300132k
– reference: HugarLAYabesJGTurnerRM2ndFamMMApplemanLJDaviesBJRate and determinants of completing neoadjuvant chemotherapy in medicare beneficiaries with bladder cancer: a SEER-medicare analysisUrology201912419173042330210.1016/j.urology.2018.11.001
– reference: Al-SarairehYMAlshammariFYoussefAMMAl-SarayrehSAlmuhaisenGHAlnawaisehNProfiling of CYP4Z1 and CYP1B1 expression in bladder cancersSci Rep2021111:CAS:528:DC%2BB3MXmsVClu7k%3D33692504794690010.1038/s41598-021-85188-4
– reference: KwonHSchaferJMSongNJKanekoSLiAXiaoTAndrogen conspires with the CD8(+) T cell exhaustion program and contributes to sex bias in cancerSci Immunol20227eabq26301:CAS:528:DC%2BB38XhvV2rtrvE35420889937438510.1126/sciimmunol.abq2630
– reference: LuoJXuJOuLZhouYYunHYangYRole of hypermethylated-lncRNAs in the prognosis of bladder cancer patientsJ Int Med Res20214930006052110499461:CAS:528:DC%2BB3MXitlOqtLzJ3461781510.1177/03000605211049946
– reference: ZhouTLiHYXieWJZhongZZhongHLinZJAssociation of glutathione S-transferase gene polymorphism with bladder cancer susceptibilityBMC Cancer20181830419877623353510.1186/s12885-018-5014-1
– reference: Amos-LandgrafJMHeijmansJWielengaMCDunkinEKrentzKJClipsonLSex disparity in colonic adenomagenesis involves promotion by male hormones, not protection by female hormonesProc Natl Acad Sci USA20141111651491:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhvVGksbjE25368192424630310.1073/pnas.1323064111
– volume: 144
  start-page: 2099
  year: 2019
  ident: 489_CR33
  publication-title: Int J Cancer
  doi: 10.1002/ijc.31959
– volume: 37
  start-page: 1911
  year: 2018
  ident: 489_CR80
  publication-title: Oncogene
  doi: 10.1038/s41388-017-0099-6
– volume: 64
  start-page: 178
  year: 1989
  ident: 489_CR11
  publication-title: Cancer
  doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19890701)64:1<178::AID-CNCR2820640130>3.0.CO;2-B
– volume: 82
  start-page: 163
  year: 1995
  ident: 489_CR100
  publication-title: Cancer Genet Cytogenet
  doi: 10.1016/0165-4608(95)00030-S
– volume: 32
  start-page: 701
  year: 2017
  ident: 489_CR105
  publication-title: Cancer Cell
  doi: 10.1016/j.ccell.2017.08.005
– volume: 110
  start-page: 241
  year: 2018
  ident: 489_CR123
  publication-title: J Natl Cancer Inst
  doi: 10.1093/jnci/djx201
– volume: 69
  start-page: 1445
  year: 1992
  ident: 489_CR10
  publication-title: Cancer
  doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19920315)69:6<1445::AID-CNCR2820690623>3.0.CO;2-S
– volume: 405
  start-page: 120
  year: 2017
  ident: 489_CR129
  publication-title: Cancer Lett
  doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.07.016
– volume: 191
  start-page: 110220
  year: 2020
  ident: 489_CR76
  publication-title: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
  doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110220
– volume: 306
  start-page: 737
  year: 2011
  ident: 489_CR5
  publication-title: J Am Med Assoc
  doi: 10.1001/jama.2011.1142
– volume: 24
  start-page: 508
  year: 2015
  ident: 489_CR32
  publication-title: Eur J Cancer Prev
  doi: 10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000119
– volume: 39
  start-page: 3337
  year: 2021
  ident: 489_CR52
  publication-title: World J Urol
  doi: 10.1007/s00345-021-03653-1
– volume: 124
  start-page: 412
  year: 2009
  ident: 489_CR6
  publication-title: Int J Cancer
  doi: 10.1002/ijc.23856
– volume: 71
  start-page: 209
  year: 2021
  ident: 489_CR3
  publication-title: CA Cancer J Clin
  doi: 10.3322/caac.21660
– volume: 96
  start-page: 15161
  year: 1999
  ident: 489_CR95
  publication-title: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.96.26.15161
– volume: 29
  start-page: 43
  year: 2011
  ident: 489_CR92
  publication-title: Urol Oncol
  doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2009.01.033
– volume: 16
  start-page: 187
  year: 2023
  ident: 489_CR35
  publication-title: Cancer Prev Res (Philos)
  doi: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-23-0031
– volume: 6
  start-page: 26065
  year: 2015
  ident: 489_CR73
  publication-title: Oncotarget
  doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.4569
– volume: 49
  start-page: 10
  year: 2017
  ident: 489_CR118
  publication-title: Nat Genet
  doi: 10.1038/ng.3726
– volume: 59
  start-page: 137
  year: 2013
  ident: 489_CR44
  publication-title: Food Chem Toxicol
  doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.05.044
– volume: 18
  year: 2018
  ident: 489_CR126
  publication-title: BMC Cancer
  doi: 10.1186/s12885-018-5014-1
– volume: 109
  start-page: E3588
  year: 2012
  ident: 489_CR72
  publication-title: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.1113960109
– volume: 49
  start-page: 2518
  year: 2008
  ident: 489_CR71
  publication-title: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
  doi: 10.1167/iovs.07-1606
– volume: 14
  start-page: 2379
  year: 2022
  ident: 489_CR141
  publication-title: Cancer Manag Res
  doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S369175
– volume: 26
  start-page: 2065
  year: 2020
  ident: 489_CR122
  publication-title: Clin Cancer Res
  doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-19-2230
– volume: 6
  start-page: 11
  year: 2015
  ident: 489_CR133
  publication-title: Biol Sex Differ
  doi: 10.1186/s13293-015-0029-7
– ident: 489_CR49
– volume: 16
  start-page: 1682
  year: 2010
  ident: 489_CR138
  publication-title: Clin Cancer Res
  doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-2983
– volume: 66
  start-page: 615
  year: 2017
  ident: 489_CR77
  publication-title: Cancer Immunol Immunother
  doi: 10.1007/s00262-017-1972-4
– volume: 29
  start-page: 1275
  year: 2008
  ident: 489_CR96
  publication-title: Acta Pharm Sin
  doi: 10.1111/j.1745-7254.2008.00889.x
– volume: 171
  start-page: 540
  year: 2017
  ident: 489_CR106
  publication-title: Cell
  doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.09.007
– volume: 51
  start-page: 976
  year: 2021
  ident: 489_CR16
  publication-title: Jpn J Clin Oncol
  doi: 10.1093/jjco/hyaa273
– volume: 32
  start-page: 261
  year: 2016
  ident: 489_CR13
  publication-title: Kaohsiung J Med Sci
  doi: 10.1016/j.kjms.2016.03.002
– volume: 24
  start-page: 2273
  year: 2012
  ident: 489_CR18
  publication-title: Cell Signal
  doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.08.004
– volume: 6
  start-page: e1000917
  year: 2010
  ident: 489_CR140
  publication-title: PLoS Genet
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000917
– volume: 17
  start-page: 1188
  year: 2016
  ident: 489_CR93
  publication-title: Cancer Biol Ther
  doi: 10.1080/15384047.2016.1235667
– volume: 11
  start-page: 1184
  year: 2020
  ident: 489_CR57
  publication-title: Front Immunol
  doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01184
– volume: 74
  start-page: 108230
  year: 2019
  ident: 489_CR43
  publication-title: J Nutr Biochem
  doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108230
– volume: 5
  year: 2014
  ident: 489_CR111
  publication-title: Nat Commun
  doi: 10.1038/ncomms5438
– volume: 38
  start-page: 556
  year: 2020
  ident: 489_CR27
  publication-title: J Clin Oncol
  doi: 10.1200/JCO.2020.38.6_suppl.556
– volume: 33
  start-page: 347
  year: 2012
  ident: 489_CR137
  publication-title: Tumour Biol
  doi: 10.1007/s13277-011-0310-2
– volume: 28
  start-page: 1370
  year: 2019
  ident: 489_CR117
  publication-title: Cell Rep
  doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.07.001
– volume: 1033
  start-page: 108
  year: 2018
  ident: 489_CR42
  publication-title: Anal Chim Acta
  doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.06.065
– volume: 146
  start-page: 4362
  year: 1991
  ident: 489_CR56
  publication-title: J Immunol
  doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.146.12.4362
– volume: 13
  start-page: 24
  year: 2019
  ident: 489_CR14
  publication-title: Can Urol Assoc J
– volume: 31
  start-page: 1029
  year: 2013
  ident: 489_CR47
  publication-title: World J Urol
  doi: 10.1007/s00345-012-0996-9
– volume: 15
  start-page: 143
  year: 2018
  ident: 489_CR139
  publication-title: Cancer Genom Proteom
– volume: 7
  start-page: eabq2630
  year: 2022
  ident: 489_CR85
  publication-title: Sci Immunol
  doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abq2630
– volume: 192
  start-page: 1072
  year: 2014
  ident: 489_CR50
  publication-title: J Urol
  doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.04.101
– volume: 9
  start-page: eaai8312
  year: 2017
  ident: 489_CR121
  publication-title: Sci Transl Med
  doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aai8312
– volume: 27
  start-page: 3215
  year: 2021
  ident: 489_CR78
  publication-title: Clin Cancer Res
  doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-20-4261
– volume: 124
  start-page: 611
  year: 2020
  ident: 489_CR30
  publication-title: Br J Nutr
  doi: 10.1017/S0007114520001439
– volume: 1
  start-page: 295
  year: 2010
  ident: 489_CR125
  publication-title: Int J Mol Epidemiol Genet
– volume: 19
  year: 2018
  ident: 489_CR135
  publication-title: Curr Urol Rep
  doi: 10.1007/s11934-018-0861-5
– volume: 85
  start-page: 1823
  year: 1998
  ident: 489_CR37
  publication-title: J Appl Physiol
  doi: 10.1152/jappl.1998.85.5.1823
– volume: 218
  start-page: e20210911.
  year: 2021
  ident: 489_CR74
  publication-title: J Exp Med
  doi: 10.1084/jem.20210911
– volume: 11
  year: 2020
  ident: 489_CR109
  publication-title: Nat Commun
  doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-17359-2
– volume: 14
  start-page: e489
  year: 2016
  ident: 489_CR29
  publication-title: Clin Genitourin Cancer
  doi: 10.1016/j.clgc.2016.04.006
– volume: 276
  start-page: 167
  year: 2017
  ident: 489_CR128
  publication-title: Chem Biol Interact
  doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.02.016
– volume: 60
  start-page: 319
  year: 2011
  ident: 489_CR66
  publication-title: Cancer Immunol Immunother
  doi: 10.1007/s00262-010-0968-0
– volume: 56
  start-page: 27
  year: 2022
  ident: 489_CR12
  publication-title: Scand J Urol
  doi: 10.1080/21681805.2021.2002399
– volume: 62
  start-page: 118
  year: 2012
  ident: 489_CR48
  publication-title: Eur Urol
  doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2011.10.029
– volume: 15
  start-page: e0239338
  year: 2020
  ident: 489_CR7
  publication-title: PLoS ONE
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239338
– volume: 31
  start-page: 360
  year: 1997
  ident: 489_CR84
  publication-title: Eur Urol
  doi: 10.1159/000474484
– volume: 550
  start-page: 244
  year: 2017
  ident: 489_CR104
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature24265
– volume: 317
  start-page: 121
  year: 2007
  ident: 489_CR67
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.1140485
– volume: 10
  year: 2019
  ident: 489_CR116
  publication-title: Nat Commun
  doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-13266-3
– volume: 3
  start-page: 73
  year: 1975
  ident: 489_CR145
  publication-title: Urol Res
  doi: 10.1007/BF00256185
– ident: 489_CR2
– volume: 19
  year: 2021
  ident: 489_CR34
  publication-title: BMC Med
  doi: 10.1186/s12916-021-01931-8
– volume: 198
  start-page: 1033
  year: 2017
  ident: 489_CR23
  publication-title: J Urol
  doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2017.06.083
– volume: 13
  year: 2022
  ident: 489_CR81
  publication-title: Biol Sex Diff
  doi: 10.1186/s13293-022-00428-0
– volume: 29
  start-page: 711
  year: 2016
  ident: 489_CR142
  publication-title: Cancer Cell
  doi: 10.1016/j.ccell.2016.04.001
– volume: 7
  start-page: 49169
  year: 2016
  ident: 489_CR94
  publication-title: Oncotarget
  doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.9994
– volume: 14
  start-page: 3322
  year: 2015
  ident: 489_CR40
  publication-title: J Proteome Res
  doi: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00354
– volume: 52
  start-page: 19
  year: 2004
  ident: 489_CR58
  publication-title: Am J Reprod Immunol
  doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2004.00177.x
– volume: 108
  start-page: 169
  year: 2006
  ident: 489_CR25
  publication-title: Obstet Gynecol
  doi: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000223885.25192.91
– volume: 14
  year: 2022
  ident: 489_CR132
  publication-title: Clin Epigenet
  doi: 10.1186/s13148-022-01279-7
– volume: 17
  start-page: e995
  year: 2019
  ident: 489_CR22
  publication-title: Clin Genitourin Cancer
  doi: 10.1016/j.clgc.2019.05.008
– volume: 41
  start-page: 909
  year: 2023
  ident: 489_CR51
  publication-title: World J Urol
  doi: 10.1007/s00345-022-04116-x
– volume: 151
  start-page: 154
  year: 2021
  ident: 489_CR24
  publication-title: Urology
  doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2020.06.087
– volume: 2011
  start-page: 728930
  year: 2011
  ident: 489_CR60
  publication-title: Clin Dev Immunol
  doi: 10.1155/2011/728930
– volume: 10
  start-page: 509
  year: 2009
  ident: 489_CR55
  publication-title: Genes Immun
  doi: 10.1038/gene.2009.12
– volume: 50
  start-page: 1
  year: 2018
  ident: 489_CR91
  publication-title: Exp Mol Med
  doi: 10.1038/s12276-018-0155-5
– ident: 489_CR1
– ident: 489_CR9
– volume: 136
  start-page: 657
  year: 2017
  ident: 489_CR99
  publication-title: Hum Genet
  doi: 10.1007/s00439-017-1799-2
– volume: 8
  year: 2018
  ident: 489_CR21
  publication-title: Sci Rep
  doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-29987-2
– volume: 25
  start-page: 1316
  year: 2012
  ident: 489_CR124
  publication-title: Chem Res Toxicol
  doi: 10.1021/tx300132k
– volume: 65
  start-page: 476
  year: 2004
  ident: 489_CR64
  publication-title: Hum Immunol
  doi: 10.1016/j.humimm.2004.02.021
– volume: 12
  start-page: 640
  year: 2022
  ident: 489_CR46
  publication-title: Cancer Med
  doi: 10.1002/cam4.4917
– volume: 21
  start-page: 6072.
  year: 2020
  ident: 489_CR107
  publication-title: Int J Mol Sci
  doi: 10.3390/ijms21176072
– volume: 18
  start-page: 1639
  year: 2012
  ident: 489_CR143
  publication-title: Nat Med
  doi: 10.1038/nm.2919
– volume: 35
  start-page: 75
  year: 2021
  ident: 489_CR8
  publication-title: Vivo
  doi: 10.21873/invivo.12234
– volume: 7
  year: 2008
  ident: 489_CR102
  publication-title: J Biol
  doi: 10.1186/jbiol95
– volume: 27
  start-page: 4311
  year: 2021
  ident: 489_CR68
  publication-title: Clin Cancer Res
  doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-0136
– ident: 489_CR4
– volume: 195
  start-page: 5327
  year: 2015
  ident: 489_CR65
  publication-title: J Immunol
  doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501684
– volume: 78
  start-page: 5527
  year: 2018
  ident: 489_CR108
  publication-title: Cancer Res
  doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-18-0362
– volume: 77
  start-page: 6987
  year: 2017
  ident: 489_CR114
  publication-title: Cancer Res
  doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-17-1701
– volume: 111
  start-page: 16514
  year: 2014
  ident: 489_CR79
  publication-title: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.1323064111
– volume: 12
  start-page: e0174746
  year: 2017
  ident: 489_CR89
  publication-title: PLoS ONE
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174746
– volume: 118
  start-page: 5918
  year: 2011
  ident: 489_CR62
  publication-title: Blood
  doi: 10.1182/blood-2011-03-340281
– volume: 42
  start-page: 356
  year: 2010
  ident: 489_CR98
  publication-title: Pathology
  doi: 10.3109/00313021003767298
– volume: 11
  year: 2021
  ident: 489_CR127
  publication-title: Sci Rep
  doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-85188-4
– volume: 127
  start-page: S5
  year: 2004
  ident: 489_CR69
  publication-title: Gastroenterology
  doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2004.09.011
– ident: 489_CR61
  doi: 10.1007/s00404-023-06996-9
– volume: 4
  start-page: eaar5598
  year: 2018
  ident: 489_CR103
  publication-title: Sci Adv
  doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aar5598
– volume: 22
  start-page: 10030.
  year: 2021
  ident: 489_CR83
  publication-title: Int J Mol Sci
  doi: 10.3390/ijms221810030
– volume: 77
  start-page: 1395
  year: 2017
  ident: 489_CR45
  publication-title: Cancer Res
  doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-16-2200
– volume: 151
  start-page: 169
  year: 2021
  ident: 489_CR15
  publication-title: Urology
  doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2020.06.058
– volume: 163
  start-page: 236
  year: 2006
  ident: 489_CR87
  publication-title: Am J Epidemiol
  doi: 10.1093/aje/kwj028
– volume: 500
  start-page: 415
  year: 2013
  ident: 489_CR110
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature12477
– volume: 15
  start-page: 194
  year: 1987
  ident: 489_CR39
  publication-title: Toxicol Pathol
  doi: 10.1177/019262338701500211
– volume: 67
  start-page: 353
  year: 2010
  ident: 489_CR88
  publication-title: Maturitas
  doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2010.07.014
– ident: 489_CR101
  doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-06234-x
– volume: 106
  start-page: 2610
  year: 2006
  ident: 489_CR90
  publication-title: Cancer
  doi: 10.1002/cncr.21945
– volume: 39
  start-page: 4151
  year: 2021
  ident: 489_CR17
  publication-title: World J Urol
  doi: 10.1007/s00345-021-03721-6
– volume: 18
  start-page: e91
  year: 2020
  ident: 489_CR26
  publication-title: Clin Genitourin Cancer
  doi: 10.1016/j.clgc.2019.09.002
– volume: 12
  start-page: 1980.
  year: 2020
  ident: 489_CR75
  publication-title: Cancers (Basel)
  doi: 10.3390/cancers12071980
– volume: 133
  start-page: 462
  year: 2013
  ident: 489_CR86
  publication-title: Int J Cancer
  doi: 10.1002/ijc.28022
– volume: 11
  year: 2021
  ident: 489_CR36
  publication-title: Sci Rep
  doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-01103-x
– volume: 17
  start-page: 5582
  year: 2011
  ident: 489_CR136
  publication-title: Clin Cancer Res
  doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-10-2659
– volume: 59
  start-page: 287
  year: 2020
  ident: 489_CR31
  publication-title: Eur J Nutr
  doi: 10.1007/s00394-019-01907-8
– volume: 12
  start-page: e0183228
  year: 2017
  ident: 489_CR41
  publication-title: PLoS ONE
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183228
– volume: 2
  start-page: 127
  year: 2016
  ident: 489_CR82
  publication-title: Bladder Cancer
  doi: 10.3233/BLC-160052
– volume: 11
  start-page: e005478.
  year: 2023
  ident: 489_CR97
  publication-title: J Immunother Cancer
  doi: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005478
– volume: 11
  start-page: 590618
  year: 2020
  ident: 489_CR115
  publication-title: Front Immunol
  doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.590618
– volume: 32
  start-page: 379
  year: 2019
  ident: 489_CR19
  publication-title: Hum Cell
  doi: 10.1007/s13577-019-00255-3
– volume: 21
  year: 2021
  ident: 489_CR120
  publication-title: BMC Cancer
  doi: 10.1186/s12885-021-08372-9
– volume: 122
  start-page: 2012
  year: 2016
  ident: 489_CR53
  publication-title: Cancer
  doi: 10.1002/cncr.30029
– volume: 302
  start-page: 43
  year: 2007
  ident: 489_CR113
  publication-title: Mol Cell Biochem
  doi: 10.1007/s11010-007-9423-8
– volume: 3
  start-page: 268
  year: 2012
  ident: 489_CR63
  publication-title: Front Genet
  doi: 10.3389/fgene.2012.00268
– volume: 18
  start-page: 3177
  year: 2019
  ident: 489_CR112
  publication-title: Exp Ther Med
– volume: 8
  year: 2018
  ident: 489_CR38
  publication-title: Sci Rep
  doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-29592-3
– volume: 49
  start-page: 300060521104994
  year: 2021
  ident: 489_CR134
  publication-title: J Int Med Res
  doi: 10.1177/03000605211049946
– volume: 90
  start-page: 15
  year: 2019
  ident: 489_CR20
  publication-title: Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)
  doi: 10.1111/cen.13840
– volume: 10
  year: 2018
  ident: 489_CR130
  publication-title: Clin Epigenet
  doi: 10.1186/s13148-018-0451-x
– volume: 35
  start-page: 129
  year: 2015
  ident: 489_CR70
  publication-title: Anticancer Res
– volume: 8
  start-page: 43
  year: 2015
  ident: 489_CR131
  publication-title: Epigenet Chromatin
  doi: 10.1186/s13072-015-0035-3
– volume: 143
  start-page: 31
  year: 2000
  ident: 489_CR59
  publication-title: Eur J Endocrinol
  doi: 10.1530/eje.0.1430031
– volume: 124
  start-page: 191
  year: 2019
  ident: 489_CR54
  publication-title: Urology
  doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2018.11.001
– volume: 26
  start-page: 2100
  year: 2019
  ident: 489_CR119
  publication-title: Cell Death Differ
  doi: 10.1038/s41418-019-0278-9
– volume: 13
  start-page: 2455
  year: 2021
  ident: 489_CR144
  publication-title: Cancer Manag Res
  doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S302565
– volume: 185
  start-page: 1631
  year: 2011
  ident: 489_CR28
  publication-title: J Urol
  doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2010.12.049
SSID ssj0000561655
Score 2.4868658
SecondaryResourceType review_article
Snippet Sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer have long been a subject of interest to the cancer research community, wherein men have a 4 times higher incidence...
Abstract Sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer have long been a subject of interest to the cancer research community, wherein men have a 4 times higher...
SourceID doaj
pubmedcentral
proquest
crossref
springer
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Enrichment Source
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 44
SubjectTerms 631/67/589/1336
631/67/68
Apoptosis
Bladder cancer
Cancer research
Cell Biology
Epigenetics
Gender
Human Genetics
Internal Medicine
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Oncology
Patients
Precision medicine
Review
Review Article
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: Biological Science Database
  dbid: M7P
  link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1Jb9QwFLagIMSl7CJQkJG4QdRxFi-9IFpRcYCqB5B6s7y2I42SIZ5W8O_xc5ypUoleuCa28qK32s_-PoTeW--9VnFZ0jjqysa3rNRWQbsQttx0pRqXLgp_Yycn_OxMnOYNt5CPVU4xMQVq2xvYI9-vOI3VR8tJ_Wn9qwTWKOiuZgqNu-geoCTU6eje6XaPBapj2rb5rsyi5vuhgcZclCRKE21XlGKWjxJs_6zWvHlS8ka7NGWh40f_K_9jtJvrT_x5NJgn6I7rnqIH33OH_Rm6GskpQXV4Ik-JoQTDXbNhBXeicHC_seosPk8sdHFUACZDAGbFyw7rFcSyARswp-EAmxEACoc_Xb8Oy5CmjkgmeMynYPjP0c_jLz-OvpaZm6E0LeGbUlWaq9Zz77Q2TGhPreXRhZWvbaxCrOHG6FhsON_UjgoKzOoL6wSLOZm6alG_QDtd37mXCNec1swbooB7hjCvlKZEk7h6JpYy1haITBqSJgOXA3_GSqYGes3lqFUZtSqTVqUo0IftnPUI23Hr6ENQ_HYkQG6nB_1wLrMHS-eZJ8I63SjSkMoK79uY3nkMis56Swq0Nyle5jgQ5LXWC_Ru-zp6MLRlVOf6yzQGusdxIVogPjO3mUDzN93yImGBA9IGq5o49eNkmddf__cfv7pd2NfoYZV8BBpne2hnM1y6N-i-udosw_A2OdlfAr8zAg
  priority: 102
  providerName: ProQuest
Title Biological differences underlying sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer: current synopsis and future directions
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41389-023-00489-9
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2860455813
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2861302625
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC10477245
https://doaj.org/article/ef7f19deb4a1412d9ff58018318edfd1
Volume 12
WOSCitedRecordID wos001059683600001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVAON
  databaseName: Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2157-9024
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000561655
  issn: 2157-9024
  databaseCode: DOA
  dateStart: 20120101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– providerCode: PRVHPJ
  databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2157-9024
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000561655
  issn: 2157-9024
  databaseCode: M~E
  dateStart: 20120101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org
  providerName: ISSN International Centre
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV3Ni9QwFA-6ingRP7G6DhG8adlJP5LUmyuzKDhDEYXxFJIm0YGhs7Szi3vZv933ks64XVAvXnJoEprk_V7yXl_ze4S8st57o8EtKRx3aeFLkRqrMVyIn9xMpgsXLgp_EouFXC6r-kqqL_wnLNIDx4U7cl54VllnCs0KltnK-xJ2VQlYdNbb4PiA1XPFmYqs3pzxshxuyUxzedQXGJKDMcA4ALVVWo1OokDYP7Iyr_8jeS1QGs6fk_vk3mA40ndxwA_IDdc-JHfmQ2j8ETmPWSVxzeku6wnsARQviXVrvMxEe_eT6tbS7yF9HLTqMQUhMqrSVUvNGjehjjaIg-4tbSJzE-0v2s1pv-pD10hBQuNBiIh9TL6ezL68_5AOSRXSpmRym-rMSF166Z0xjaiM59ZK0D3tcwvmg21k0xiwEpwvcscrjinRp9ZVAg5T7rJp_oQctJvWPSU0lzwXvmEak8Yw4bU2nBkGbi-zXIgyIWy3wKoZGMcx8cVahch3LlUUigKhqCAUVSXk9b7PaeTb-GvrY5TbviVyZYcHgCA1IEj9C0EJOdxJXQ0K3KtMcjB2S8nyhLzcV4PqYTxFt25zFtpg2Bc8yITIEVpGAxrXtKsfgcQbKTJEVkDXNztg_X77n2f87H_M-Dm5mwVFwLjYITnYdmfuBbndnG9XfTchN8VShFJOyK3j2aL-PAnaBeU8q7EUobycQX39cV5_-wW7hS4A
linkProvider Directory of Open Access Journals
linkToHtml http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1bb9MwFD4aHQJeuCMKA4wETxCtzs0OEkLcplVrqz0MaTx5vo5KVVqSbrA_xW_Ex0k6dRJ72wOvsZ3EyXcu9vE5H8Ar45xT0i9LUpvbKHUZi5SRGC7ELTcVy9SGROERm0z44WGxvwF_ulwYPFbZ6cSgqM1c4x75dsxz731knCYfFj8jZI3C6GpHodHAYs-e_fJLtvr98Iv_v6_jeOfrwefdqGUViHRG-TKSseIyc9xZpTQrlMuN4R580iXG20-judbKm0nr0sTmRY6c4ANjC-atSW7jQeLvew02Uw923oPN_eF4__tqVwf98TzL2uycQcK36xRDgX7ufv5eWoqoWLOAgShgzbu9eDbzQoA22L2dO__bF7sLt1sPm3xsROIebNjyPtwYt2cIHsBpQ7-J4CQdPYxXlgSz6aoZZn2R2v4msjTkOPDs-V41cjVi6VkyLYmaobauiEaBqd4R3ZS4IvVZOV_U0zoMbWq1kMZjQNF-CN-uZNaPoFfOS_sYSMLzhDlNJbLrUOakVDlVlNGEmpyxrA-0Q4TQbWl2ZAiZiXBEIOGiQZHwKBIBRaLow5vVmEVTmOTS3p8QaKueWFQ8XJhXx6LVUcI65mhhrEolTWlsCucy78Bwr_atcYb2YasDmmg1XS3OUdaHl6tmr6Mw8CRLOz8JfTA-7pfafeBr8F57ofWWcvojVDvHWiIsTv3Qt50knD_93zN-cvnLvoCbuwfjkRgNJ3tP4VYc5BPDhFvQW1Yn9hlc16fLaV09b0WcwNFVy8hfzkCVOg
linkToPdf http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1bb9MwFLbGQBMv4zrRMcBI8ARR69zsICEEjIppo-oDSHszvo5KVVKSbrC_xq_jHCfp1EnsbQ-8JnaTuN-52OfyEfLCeu-1gm1J6nIXpT7jkbYKw4V45KZjlbpQKHzEJxNxfFxMN8ifvhYG0yp7nRgUta0MnpEPY5GD95EJlgx9lxYx3R-_W_yMkEEKI609nUYLkUN3_gu2b83bg334r1_G8fjT14-fo45hIDIZE8tIxVqozAvvtDa80D63VgAQlU8s2FJrhDEaTKbzaeLyIkd-8JF1BQfLkrt4lMDv3iA3OTYtD2mD09X5DnrmeZZ1dTqjRAybFIOCsAqwEiA3RVSs2cJAGbDm517O0rwUqg0WcHznf167u2S787vp-1ZQ7pENV94nW1-6zIIH5Kwl5UTI0p40BlQoxRq7eo61YLRxv6kqLT0J7HswqkEGR2xIS2cl1XPU4TU1KEb1G2raxle0OS-rRTNrwtS2gwtt_QgU-Ifk27V89Q7ZLKvSPSI0EXnCvWEKOXcY90rpnGnGWcJsznk2IKxHhzRdw3bkDZnLkDiQCNkiSgKiZECULAbk1WrOom1XcuXoDwi61UhsNR4uVPWJ7DSXdJ57VlinU8VSFtvC-wzcGgHGwFlv2YDs9aCTnf5r5AXiBuT56jZoLgxHqdJVp2EMRs1hAz4gYg3qay-0fqec_Qg90LHDCI9TmPq6l4qLp__7i3evftlnZAsEQx4dTA4fk9txEFWMHe6RzWV96p6QW-ZsOWvqp0HWKfl-3QLyF9g6nHk
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Biological+differences+underlying+sex+and+gender+disparities+in+bladder+cancer%3A+current+synopsis+and+future+directions&rft.jtitle=Oncogenesis+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.au=Doshi%2C+Bhavisha&rft.au=Athans%2C+Sarah+R.&rft.au=Woloszynska%2C+Anna&rft.date=2023-09-04&rft.issn=2157-9024&rft.eissn=2157-9024&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fs41389-023-00489-9&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1038_s41389_023_00489_9
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2157-9024&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2157-9024&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2157-9024&client=summon