The 19th-century missionary literature: Biculturality and bi-religiosity, a reflection from the perspective of the wretched

The 19th-century missionary literary genre provides us with a window into how the missionaries viewed African cultural systems, such as polygamy. In their minds, polygamy was one of the obstacles to converting Africans to Christianity. Baptism functioned as a theatre of power and submission. To acce...

Celý popis

Uloženo v:
Podrobná bibliografie
Vydáno v:Hervormde teologiese studies Ročník 80; číslo 1; s. 1 - 8
Hlavní autoři: Mothoagae, Itumeleng D., Shingange, Themba
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Pretoria AOSIS 2024
African Online Scientific Information Systems (Pty) Ltd t/a AOSIS
AOSIS (Pty) Ltd
University of Pretoria
Témata:
ISSN:0259-9422, 2072-8050, 2072-8050
On-line přístup:Získat plný text
Tagy: Přidat tag
Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!
Abstract The 19th-century missionary literary genre provides us with a window into how the missionaries viewed African cultural systems, such as polygamy. In their minds, polygamy was one of the obstacles to converting Africans to Christianity. Baptism functioned as a theatre of power and submission. To access baptism, a convert had to abandon and strip themselves of that which made them Africans and adopt Western colonial Christian norms and principles. In this article, we argue that the condemnation of polygamy by missionaries was a wielding of power within the colonial matrix of power. We further maintain that the decolonisation of Christianity cannot be achieved without a critical analysis of the impact of the missionaries in the deformation and labelling of African cultural identities as heathen and uncivilised.ContributionThe cultural transfer that was achieved through Christianisation, civilisation and colonisation has led to what Biko referred to as the flight from the black self and what Du Bois referred to as double consciousness. The article applies the intersectionality of theoretical lenses of Africana critical thought, Foucauldian notion of power, negritude and decoloniality.
AbstractList The 19th-century missionary literary genre provides us with a window into how the missionaries viewed African cultural systems, such as polygamy. In their minds, polygamy was one of the obstacles to converting Africans to Christianity. Baptism functioned as a theatre of power and submission. To access baptism, a convert had to abandon and strip themselves of that which made them Africans and adopt Western colonial Christian norms and principles. In this article, we argue that the condemnation of polygamy by missionaries was a wielding of power within the colonial matrix of power. We further maintain that the decolonisation of Christianity cannot be achieved without a critical analysis of the impact of the missionaries in the deformation and labelling of African cultural identities as heathen and uncivilised. Contribution The cultural transfer that was achieved through Christianisation, civilisation and colonisation has led to what Biko referred to as the flight from the black self and what Du Bois referred to as double consciousness. The article applies the intersectionality of theoretical lenses of Africana critical thought, Foucauldian notion of power, negritude and decoloniality.
The 19th-century missionary literary genre provides us with a window into how the missionaries viewed African cultural systems, such as polygamy. In their minds, polygamy was one of the obstacles to converting Africans to Christianity. Baptism functioned as a theatre of power and submission. To access baptism, a convert had to abandon and strip themselves of that which made them Africans and adopt Western colonial Christian norms and principles. In this article, we argue that the condemnation of polygamy by missionaries was a wielding of power within the colonial matrix of power. We further maintain that the decolonisation of Christianity cannot be achieved without a critical analysis of the impact of the missionaries in the deformation and labelling of African cultural identities as heathen and uncivilised.ContributionThe cultural transfer that was achieved through Christianisation, civilisation and colonisation has led to what Biko referred to as the flight from the black self and what Du Bois referred to as double consciousness. The article applies the intersectionality of theoretical lenses of Africana critical thought, Foucauldian notion of power, negritude and decoloniality.
The 19th-century missionary literary genre provides us with a window into how the missionaries viewed African cultural systems, such as polygamy. In their minds, polygamy was one of the obstacles to converting Africans to Christianity. Baptism functioned as a theatre of power and submission. To access baptism, a convert had to abandon and strip themselves of that which made them Africans and adopt Western colonial Christian norms and principles. In this article, we argue that the condemnation of polygamy by missionaries was a wielding of power within the colonial matrix of power. We further maintain that the decolonisation of Christianity cannot be achieved without a critical analysis of the impact of the missionaries in the deformation and labelling of African cultural identities as heathen and uncivilised. Contribution: The cultural transfer that was achieved through Christianisation, civilisation and colonisation has led to what Biko referred to as the flight from the black self and what Du Bois referred to as double consciousness. The article applies the intersectionality of theoretical lenses of Africana critical thought, Foucauldian notion of power, negritude and decoloniality.
Abstract only
Audience Academic
Author Mothoagae, Itumeleng D.
Shingange, Themba
AuthorAffiliation University of South Africa
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: University of South Africa
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Itumeleng D.
  orcidid: 0000-0002-9644-0371
  surname: Mothoagae
  fullname: Mothoagae, Itumeleng D.
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Themba
  orcidid: 0000-0001-5744-4268
  surname: Shingange
  fullname: Shingange, Themba
BookMark eNp1Uk1r3DAQNSWFbtJeezb0Wm9H40_1loZ-BAI9ND0LSR6vtXitraTdEPrnO94NDRSKkDQ86T3NjN5ldjH7mbLsrYB1JQA_jCmujx04sZZQ4otshdBi0UENF9kKsJaFrBBfZZcxbgHKWgqxyn7fj5QLmcbC0pwO4THfuRidnzWHk0sUNKP0Mf_k7GHiUDP4mOu5z40rAk1u43xk6H2u80DDRDYxOx-C3-WJtfcU4n4Bj5T74QQ9BEp2pP519nLQU6Q3T_tV9vPL5_ubb8Xd96-3N9d3ha1Fm4pWlDCU2A_YNcYKzavsBQpTlSSp6vsWLYKsbGNQ1NhYi9TophMdQFdKLK-y27Nu7_VW7YPbcXHKa6dOgA8bpUNydiLVa03VYBokPVRYWtkbY3htjWjqzkjWWp-1onU0ebX1hzBz8urH0mG1dBgBKwAQyyyZ8O5M2Af_60AxPVNQYitLrKruWXajOQs3Dz4FbXn0tHOW_3lwjF-3XS1AQt08E2zwMXLj_9YlQC12UGwHdbKDWuzAhOofgnVJL3_FL7np_7Sn3kVt3ExJRU37g-FraR_V2E9qZC9wbsuZgBpB0daqkcLRh92ipGah9EnrDyFL1hQ
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_3390_rel16010074
crossref_primary_10_4102_hts_v80i2_10030
crossref_primary_10_4102_hts_v81i1_9911
crossref_primary_10_4102_ve_v45i1_3160
Cites_doi 10.1080/09502380601162548
10.1177/009182967001700203
10.1007/978-1-4039-4033-9
10.1163/9789401200875
10.1080/09502380601162647
10.5962/bhl.title.101630
10.5422/fordham/9780823241354.003.0002
10.1017/S0022278X00006479
10.1086/448181
10.5771/9780761842965
10.1111/j.1467-6443.1988.tb00002.x
10.1093/monist/onac016
10.1163/157006693X00030
10.4102/hts.v78i1.7812
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright COPYRIGHT 2024 African Online Scientific Information Systems (Pty) Ltd t/a AOSIS
2024. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright_xml – notice: COPYRIGHT 2024 African Online Scientific Information Systems (Pty) Ltd t/a AOSIS
– notice: 2024. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
– notice: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
3V.
7XB
88H
8FK
ABUWG
AFKRA
AZQEC
BENPR
BSCPQ
CCPQU
CWDGH
DWQXO
GNUQQ
M2N
PGAAH
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PKEHL
PMKZF
PQEST
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
Q9U
UXAQP
GPN
DOA
DOI 10.4102/hts.v80i1.9032
DatabaseName CrossRef
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
Religion Database (Alumni)
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Central
Black Studies Center
ProQuest One
Middle East & Africa Database
ProQuest Central Korea
ProQuest Central Student
Religion Database
ProQuest One Religion & Philosophy
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest Digital Collections
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Academic (retired)
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest Central Basic
ProQuest One Black Studies
SciELO
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
ProQuest Religion
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest Religion (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Black Studies
ProQuest Central Student
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest Central Basic
Black Studies Center
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest One Religion & Philosophy
ProQuest Central
ProQuest Digital Collections
Middle East & Africa Database
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central Korea
ProQuest Central (New)
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
DatabaseTitleList
ProQuest Religion



CrossRef
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: DOA
  name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 2
  dbid: PIMPY
  name: Publicly Available Content Database
  url: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Religion
EISSN 2072-8050
EndPage 8
ExternalDocumentID oai_doaj_org_article_daae4fb62eaf423c9dbbbc9d7b1658b9
S0259_94222024000100013
A785109056
10_4102_hts_v80i1_9032
https://hdl.handle.net/10520/ejc-hervorm_v80_n1_a9032
GeographicLocations New York
South Africa
United Kingdom
Botswana
Europe
GeographicLocations_xml – name: South Africa
– name: United Kingdom
– name: New York
– name: Botswana
– name: Europe
GroupedDBID -OY
1RH
4JU
4QV
5VS
ABDBF
ABUWG
ABXHO
ACUHS
ADBBV
AFFHD
AFKRA
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
ANHLU
APOWU
AZFZN
AZQEC
AZXEI
BAIFH
BBTPI
BCNDV
BENPR
BPHCQ
BQOBL
BSCPQ
CCPQU
CWDGH
DWQXO
EBS
EJD
ESX
GNUQQ
GROUPED_DOAJ
IAO
IRE
ITC
KQ8
KWQ
M2N
OK1
P2P
PGAAH
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PMKZF
PQQKQ
PROAC
PV9
RFP
RNS
RZL
SCD
SCSAF
UXAQP
X4Q
AAYXX
CITATION
3V.
7XB
8FK
PKEHL
PQEST
PQUKI
PRINS
Q9U
C1A
GPN
IPNFZ
RIG
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c517t-7130f32df286bc1a86b9d121b43e9e4dd72c2094c6b21526cc2e6a68180083923
IEDL.DBID DOA
ISICitedReferencesCount 4
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=001179503600001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 0259-9422
2072-8050
IngestDate Fri Oct 03 12:49:48 EDT 2025
Tue Nov 18 23:47:00 EST 2025
Sun Nov 09 07:57:00 EST 2025
Tue Nov 04 18:27:04 EST 2025
Sat Nov 29 07:59:51 EST 2025
Tue Nov 18 22:21:55 EST 2025
Thu Nov 27 13:21:44 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 1
Keywords monopoly
cultural revolution
baptism
power
primacy
monogamy
polygamy
decolonisation
Language English
License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c517t-7130f32df286bc1a86b9d121b43e9e4dd72c2094c6b21526cc2e6a68180083923
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
ORCID 0000-0002-9644-0371
0000-0001-5744-4268
OpenAccessLink https://doaj.org/article/daae4fb62eaf423c9dbbbc9d7b1658b9
PQID 2927932448
PQPubID 646366
PageCount 8
ParticipantIDs doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_daae4fb62eaf423c9dbbbc9d7b1658b9
scielo_journals_S0259_94222024000100013
proquest_journals_2927932448
gale_infotracacademiconefile_A785109056
crossref_primary_10_4102_hts_v80i1_9032
crossref_citationtrail_10_4102_hts_v80i1_9032
sabinet_saepub_https_hdl_handle_net_10520_ejc_hervorm_v80_n1_a9032
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2024-00-00
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2024-01-01
PublicationDate_xml – year: 2024
  text: 2024-00-00
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace Pretoria
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Pretoria
PublicationTitle Hervormde teologiese studies
PublicationTitleAlternate Herv. teol. stud
PublicationYear 2024
Publisher AOSIS
African Online Scientific Information Systems (Pty) Ltd t/a AOSIS
AOSIS (Pty) Ltd
University of Pretoria
Publisher_xml – name: AOSIS
– name: African Online Scientific Information Systems (Pty) Ltd t/a AOSIS
– name: AOSIS (Pty) Ltd
– name: University of Pretoria
References ref13
ref35
ref12
ref34
ref15
ref14
ref31
ref30
ref11
ref33
ref10
ref32
ref0
ref2
ref1
ref17
ref16
ref19
ref18
ref24
ref23
ref26
ref25
ref20
ref22
ref21
ref28
ref27
ref29
ref8
ref7
ref9
ref4
ref3
ref6
ref5
Fanon, F.; Philcox, R. 1963
Gulbrandsen, ∅. 1993; 23
Du Bois, W.E.B. 1903
Mothoagae, I.D. 2022; 78
Irele, A. 1965; 3
Mignolo, W.D.; Isasi-Diaz, A.M.; Mendieta, E. 2012
Moffat, R. 1840
Butchart, A. 1998
Bell, B.W.; Grosholz, E.R.; Stewart, J.B.; Bell, B.W.; Grosholz, E.R.; Stewart, J.B. 1996
Foucault, M.; Sheridan, A.M. 1975
Prime, S.I. 1846
Kebede, M. 2004
Foucault, M. 1998; 1
Livingstone, D.; Arrowsmith, J. 1857
Mocombe, P.C. 2009
MacMaster, N. 2001
Campbell, J. 1815
Foucault, M. 1982; 8
De Gruchy, J.; Prozesky, M.; De Gruchy, J. 1995
Mignolo, W.D. 2007; 21
Foucault, M. 1970
Mothoagae, I.D. 2014; 40
Mbembe, A. 2001
Comaroff, J.; Comaroff, J. 1988; 1
Senghor, L.S.; Reed, J.; Wake, C. 1976
Maldonado-Torres, N. 2007; 21
Césaire, A.; Joan, P. 1972
Soja, E.W. 2010
Wa Thiong'o, N. 1981
Tippet, A.R. 1970; 17
Mackenzie, J. 1884
Moffat, R.; Moffat, M.; Schapera, I. 1951
Moffat, R. 1842
Yancy, G.; Yancy, G. 2004
Lorenzini, D. 2022; 105
Biko, B.S.; Aelred Stubbs, C.R. 1972
References_xml – ident: ref20
  doi: 10.1080/09502380601162548
– ident: ref33
  doi: 10.1177/009182967001700203
– ident: ref1
– ident: ref19
  doi: 10.1007/978-1-4039-4033-9
– ident: ref7
– ident: ref15
  doi: 10.1163/9789401200875
– ident: ref22
  doi: 10.1080/09502380601162647
– ident: ref25
– ident: ref27
– ident: ref3
  doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.101630
– ident: ref23
  doi: 10.5422/fordham/9780823241354.003.0002
– ident: ref9
– ident: ref32
– ident: ref14
  doi: 10.1017/S0022278X00006479
– ident: ref34
– ident: ref30
– ident: ref11
  doi: 10.1086/448181
– ident: ref4
– ident: ref24
  doi: 10.5771/9780761842965
– ident: ref2
– ident: ref6
– ident: ref5
  doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6443.1988.tb00002.x
– ident: ref17
  doi: 10.1093/monist/onac016
– ident: ref28
– ident: ref21
– ident: ref26
– ident: ref13
  doi: 10.1163/157006693X00030
– ident: ref29
  doi: 10.4102/hts.v78i1.7812
– ident: ref8
– ident: ref18
– ident: ref0
– ident: ref16
– ident: ref10
– ident: ref35
– ident: ref12
– ident: ref31
– volume: 105
  start-page: 541
  issue: 4
  year: 2022
  end-page: 557
  article-title: 'Reason versus power: Genealogy, critique, and epistemic injustice'
  publication-title: The Monist
– year: 2001
  publication-title: On the post colony
– volume: 23
  start-page: 44
  issue: 1-4
  year: 1993
  end-page: 83
  article-title: 'Missionaries and northern Tswana rulers: Who used whom?'
  publication-title: Journal of Religion in Africa
– year: 1884
  publication-title: Day-dawn in dark places: A story of wanderings and work in Bechwanaland
– year: 1981
  publication-title: Decolonising the mind: The politics of language in African literature
– year: 1857
  publication-title: Missionary travels and researches in South Africa
– year: 1840
  publication-title: Africa, or, gospel light shining in the midst of heathen darkness: A sermon
– year: 1970
  publication-title: The order of things
– year: 1998
  publication-title: The anatomy of power: European constructions of the African Body
– year: 1815
  publication-title: Travels in South Africa: Undertaken at the request of the Missionary Society (No. 212)
– year: 1903
  publication-title: The souls of black folk
– year: 1842
  publication-title: Missionary labors and scenes in Southern Africa
– volume: 21
  start-page: 240
  issue: 2-3
  year: 2007
  end-page: 270
  article-title: 'On the coloniality of being: Contributions to the development of a concept'
  publication-title: Cultural Studies
– year: 2010
  publication-title: Seeking spatial justice, globalization and community series
– volume: 21
  start-page: 449
  issue: 2-3
  year: 2007
  end-page: 514
  article-title: 'Delinking: The rhetoric of modernity, the logic of coloniality and the grammar of de-coloniality',
  publication-title: Cultural Studies
– start-page: 19
  year: 2012
  end-page: 43
  publication-title: Decolonizing epistemologies: Latina/o theology and philosophy
– start-page: 28
  year: 1995
  end-page: 44
  publication-title: Living faiths in South Africa
– volume: 1
  start-page: 6
  issue: 1
  year: 1988
  end-page: 32
  article-title: 'Through the looking-glass: Colonial encounters of the first kind'
  publication-title: Journal of Historical Sociology
– year: 2009
  publication-title: The soul-less souls of Black folk: A sociological reconsideration of Black consciousness as Du Boisian double consciousness
– year: 1846
  publication-title: The gospel among the Bechuanas, and other tribes of Southern Africa
– year: 1975
  publication-title: Discipline and punish: The birth of the prison
– volume: 78
  start-page: a7812
  issue: 1
  year: 2022
  article-title: 'Biblical discourse as a technology of "othering": A decolonial reading on the 1840 Moffat sermon at the Tabernacle, Moorfields, London',
  publication-title: HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies
– year: 1951
  publication-title: Apprenticeship at Kuruman: Being the journals and the letters of Robert and Mary Moffat 1820-1828
– year: 1972
  publication-title: Disclosure on colonialism
– start-page: 107
  year: 2004
  end-page: 142
  publication-title: What white looks like: African American philosophies on the whiteness question
– volume: 8
  start-page: 777
  issue: 4
  year: 1982
  end-page: 795
  article-title: 'The subject and power'
  publication-title: Critical Inquiry
– year: 2001
  publication-title: Racism in Europe, 1870-2000
– volume: 17
  start-page: 75
  issue: 2
  year: 1970
  end-page: 79
  article-title: 'Polygamy as a missionary problem: The anthropological issues'
  publication-title: Practical Anthropology
– start-page: 87
  year: 1996
  end-page: 108
  publication-title: W.E.B. Du Bois on race and culture: Philosophy, politics, and poetics
– year: 1976
  publication-title: Prose and poetry
– volume: 3
  start-page: 499
  issue: 4
  year: 1965
  end-page: 526
  article-title: 'Négritude: literature and ideology'
  publication-title: The Journal of Modern African Studies
– year: 1963
  publication-title: The wretched of the earth
– volume: 1
  year: 1998
  publication-title: The history of sexuality
– year: 2004
  publication-title: Africa's quest for a philosophy of decolonization
– year: 1972
  publication-title: I write what I like: Selected writings
– volume: 40
  start-page: 149
  issue: 2
  year: 2014
  end-page: 168
  article-title: 'The gendered God in the Setswana Bible and the captivity of Modimo: Moffat and the translating of the Bible into Setswana',
  publication-title: Studia Historiae Ecclesiasticae
RelatedPersons Moffat, Robert
Du Bois, W E B (1868-1963)
RelatedPersons_xml – fullname: Moffat, Robert
– fullname: Du Bois, W E B (1868-1963)
SSID ssj0035911
Score 2.2915952
Snippet The 19th-century missionary literary genre provides us with a window into how the missionaries viewed African cultural systems, such as polygamy. In their...
Abstract only
SourceID doaj
scielo
proquest
gale
crossref
sabinet
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Enrichment Source
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 1
SubjectTerms Baptism
Christianity
cultural revolution
Culture
decolonisation
Du Bois, W E B (1868-1963)
Epistemology
Marriage
Missionaries
Moffat, Robert
monogamy
monopoly
Polygamy
power
primacy
Religion
Religious missions
Sermons
Society
Surveillance
Transplants & implants
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: ProQuest Central
  dbid: BENPR
  link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1Lj9MwELZgFyEuvBGFBfmAxAXvxk6axFzQFu2KA6pWPKS9WX5ui6K0NKEc-PPMOE4LQnDhklapldiaz_NwZ74h5EUpCysrHpisdMWKIByToQwst0Wm5VTbKkQS1_fVfF5fXsqLdODWpbTKUSdGRe1WFs_IT4QUACUwRvWb9VeGXaPw39XUQuM6OUSmMsD54exsfvFh1MX5VMYOvGDYJZOFEANtYwFW9WTRd8fbOlvyY5nl4jezFNn7_9TR4CIj7W3r0QdFA9X8aovO7_zvKu6S28kLpacDbO6Ra21zn9wc05MfkB-AHsplv2B2MEoU4BD5O-Brs2Nifk1nO-oO8Oapbh01S7YZnoPZHq-oprDYJiZ8tRSLWSi4nHS9r_GkqxBvfd9EBLmH5PP52ae371hq08DslFc9gzA3C7lwQdSlsVzDVTouuClyL33hXCWsgCjSlgab6GKiti91iUXmGbpn-SNy0K5a_5jQPATvRGUC12XB61qX8Gg9ddzCR6bLCWGjlJRNHObYSqNREMugVBVIVUWpKpTqhLzcjV8P7B1_HTlDoe9GIet2vLHaXKm0iZXT2hfBlMLrAG6olc4YA9fKcHDkjITXIWQU6gaYltWpxAEWhyxb6rQC_zaT4HNOyNGID5WURqf24IDZJKSpTmNxZKy-6tTCNWpg31D4G8ckJuW_WAX7ewsxDi5ItVzptPgBpPs3fMSNoHAjCOS2wwMBjAGe_Hs2T8ktHD4cPB2Rg37zzT8jN-y2X3ab52nL_QSMyTa3
  priority: 102
  providerName: ProQuest
Title The 19th-century missionary literature: Biculturality and bi-religiosity, a reflection from the perspective of the wretched
URI https://hdl.handle.net/10520/ejc-hervorm_v80_n1_a9032
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2927932448
http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0259-94222024000100013&lng=en&tlng=en
https://doaj.org/article/daae4fb62eaf423c9dbbbc9d7b1658b9
Volume 80
WOSCitedRecordID wos001179503600001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVAON
  databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2072-8050
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0035911
  issn: 0259-9422
  databaseCode: DOA
  dateStart: 20090101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Middle East & Africa Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2072-8050
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0035911
  issn: 0259-9422
  databaseCode: CWDGH
  dateStart: 20110701
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/middleeastafrica
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Central
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2072-8050
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0035911
  issn: 0259-9422
  databaseCode: BENPR
  dateStart: 20110701
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Publicly Available Content Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2072-8050
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0035911
  issn: 0259-9422
  databaseCode: PIMPY
  dateStart: 20110701
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Religion Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2072-8050
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0035911
  issn: 0259-9422
  databaseCode: M2N
  dateStart: 20110701
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/religion
  providerName: ProQuest
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1LbxMxELZQQYgL4ikCpfIBiQtu196NvebWoFYg0SjiIZWT5cdaSbXaVtklHPjzzNibtAghLlycyLG89s7Y80008w0hr6SuvFY8Mq2sYlUUgekoIyt9VVg9tV7FROL6Uc3n9fm5Xtwo9YUxYZkeOL-4o2BtU0UnRWMjmH6vg3MOWuU4GE-XUvcKpbfOVL6Dy6lOlXfBoGumKyEyXWMF1vRoOfSHm7pY8UNdlOI3c5RY-_-8mwEaI91t1yD2RMPU3rRBpw_I_RE80uO86Ifklo2PyN1tVPFj8hOETrkelsxnW0JBiol2A762OwLlt3S2Y9wAEE5tF6hbsXWeB4M03lBLYa1titPqKOagUECK9Oo6NZNextT1Y50EH56Qr6cnX969Z2N1BeanXA0MvNMiliJEUUvnuYVWBy64q8pGN1UISngBzp-XDmvfYnx1I63E3PACUVX5lOx1l13zjNAyxiYI5SK3suJ1bSVMbaeBe_gorJwQtn3Jxo_U41gBozXggqBQDAjFJKEYFMqEvN6Nv8qkG38dOUOZ7UYhWXbqABUyowqZf6kQPA4lbvBIw7K8HTMTYHNIjmWOFcDSQgNUnJD9rVKY8az3RmgBlxzApBpWMyqK6S3mNKakqd4sQ2syaYbB3zjGHpnmwhs4lhtwTXBDpuPGjpvPOnb9hM-oxwb1WCAlHfrxCN2f_4_NvyD3cNL8r9I-2RvW35uX5I7fDKt-fUBuz07mi08H6XRBeybm0Lf4cLb49guw-y2_
linkProvider Directory of Open Access Journals
linkToHtml http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Lb9NAEF6VFAEX3qiBAnsAcWFb79qxvUgItUDVqGkUiSK1p2W9jybIckIcUiH-E7-RGT8SEIJbD1ycyHHWu843r83MN4Q8i2VkZMI9k4lOWOSFZdLHnoUmCrTsaZP4isR1kAyH6empHG2QH20tDKZVtjqxUtR2anCPfFdIAVACY5S-mX1h2DUK_11tW2jUsDhy3y4gZCtf99_B7_tciIP3J28PWdNVgJkeTxYMorLAh8J6kcaZ4RqO0nLBsyh00kXWJsIICHpMnGHPV8wrdrGOsSY6QG8ihHGvkM0Iwd4hm6P-8eis1f1hT1Ydf8GRkExGQtQ0kRFY8d3xotxZpsGE78ggFL-ZwapbwJ82AVxypNktHPq8aBDzX23fwa3_7andJjcbL5vu1WJxh2wU-V1yrU2_vke-g3RQLhdjZmqjSwHuFT8JvM1XTNOv6P6KmgSiFaoLS7MJm9fjYDbLS6opPNy8SmgrKBbrUHCp6Wxdw0qnvjp1Ma8kxN4nHy9l6Q9Ip5gWbovQ0HtnRZJ5ruOIp6mOYWjds9zAS6DjLmEtKpRpONqxVUiuIFZDFClAkapQpBBFXfJidf2sZif565X7CLLVVcgqXp2Yzs9Vo6SU1dpFPouF0x7cbCNtlmVwTDIOjmom4XYIUYW6D6ZldFPCAYtDFjG1l4D_Hkjwqbtku8WjapRiqdZghNk0yFalxuLPqrqsVGObq5pdROFnHJO0lPtsFOivJcRwuCBVcKWbxddCsb7DBxQ8hYInkLsPNzwwxnn479k8JdcPT44HatAfHj0iN_Cr9SbbNuks5l_dY3LVLBeTcv6kEXdKPl22rPwEy86RHw
linkToPdf http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Lb9NAEF6VFFVceCNSCuwBxIVtvGvH9iIh1FIiopYoEiCV03a9D5LKckIcUiH-Gb-OGT8SEIJbD1ycyHHWu843r83MN4Q8iWVkZMI9k4lOWOSFZdLHnoUmCrTsa5P4isT1JBmN0tNTOd4iP9paGEyrbHVipajtzOAeeU9IAVACY5T2fJMWMT4avJp_YdhBCv9pbdtp1BA5dt8uIHwrXw6P4Ld-KsTgzYfXb1nTYYCZPk-WDCK0wIfCepHGmeEajtJywbModNJF1ibCCAiATJxh_1fMMXaxjrE-OkDPIoRxr5BtcMkj0SHb4-G78afWDoR9WXX_BadCMhkJUVNGRmDRe5Nlub9Kgynfl0EofjOJVeeAP-0DuOdIuVs49H_ROOa_2sHBjf_5Cd4k1xvvmx7U4nKLbBX5bbLTpmXfId9BaiiXywkztTGmIAYVbwm8zdcM1C_o4ZqyBKIYqgtLsylb1ONglstzqik86LxKdCsoFvFQcLXpfFPbSme-OnWxqCTH3iUfL2Xp90inmBXuPqGh986KJPNcxxFPUx3D0LpvuYGXQMddwlqEKNNwt2MLkVxBDIeIUoAoVSFKIaK65Nn6-nnNWvLXKw8RcOurkG28OjFbfFaN8lJWaxf5LBZOe3C_jbRZlsExyTg4sJmE2yFcFepEmJbRTWkHLA7ZxdRBAn59IMHX7pK9FpuqUZal2gATZtOgXJUai0KrqrNSTWyuatYRhZ9xTN5S7two0GsriO1wQargSjeLrwVkc4f3KIQKhVAgpx9uhGDss_vv2TwmOyAg6mQ4On5AruE36723PdJZLr66h-SqWS2n5eJRI_mUnF22qPwENhGZ3w
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+19th-century+missionary+literature%3A+Biculturality+and+bi-religiosity%2C+a+reflection+from+the+perspective+of+the+wretched&rft.jtitle=Hervormde+teologiese+studies&rft.au=Mothoagae%2C+Itumeleng+D.&rft.au=Shingange%2C+Themba&rft.date=2024&rft.pub=University+of+Pretoria&rft.issn=2072-8050&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.epage=8&rft_id=info:doi/10.4102%2Fhts.v80i1.9032&rft.externalDocID=S0259_94222024000100013
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0259-9422&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0259-9422&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0259-9422&client=summon