Investigation of Microbiota Alterations and Intestinal Inflammation Post-Spinal Cord Injury in Rat Model

Although there has been a significant amount of research focused on the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury (SCI), there is limited information on the consequences of SCI on remote organs. SCI can produce significant effects on a variety of organ systems, including the gastrointestinal tract. Pati...

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Vydáno v:Journal of neurotrauma Ročník 35; číslo 18; s. 2159 - 2166
Hlavní autoři: O'Connor, Gregory, Jeffrey, Elisabeth, Madorma, Derik, Marcillo, Alexander, Abreu, Maria T., Deo, Sapna K., Dietrich, W. Dalton, Daunert, Sylvia
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Los Angeles, CA SAGE Publications 15.09.2018
Mary Ann Liebert, Inc
Témata:
Antibiotics
Biochemistry
Clostridium
Gastrointestinal tract
Gender differences
Gentamicin
Inflammation
Interleukin 12
Intestinal microflora
Intestine
Macrophage inflammatory protein
Medicine
Microbiota
Molecular biology
Original
Paralysis
Quality of life
Rodents
Spinal cord injuries
Thorax
Tumor necrosis factor-α
Florida
United States > US
spinal cord injury
Clostridium disporicum
quorum sensing molecules
Bifidobacterium choerinum
Lactobacillus intestinalis
Clostridium saccharogumia
intestinal microbiome
ISSN:0897-7151, 1557-9042, 1557-9042
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Shrnutí:Although there has been a significant amount of research focused on the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury (SCI), there is limited information on the consequences of SCI on remote organs. SCI can produce significant effects on a variety of organ systems, including the gastrointestinal tract. Patients with SCI often suffer from severe, debilitating bowel dysfunction in addition to their physical disabilities, which is of major concern for these individuals because of the adverse impact on their quality of life. Herein, we report on our investigation into the effects of SCI and subsequent antibiotic treatment on the intestinal tissue and microbiota. For that, we used a thoracic SCI rat model and investigated changes to the microbiota, proinflammatory cytokine levels, and bacterial communication molecule levels post-injury and gentamicin treatment for 7 days. We discovered significant changes, the most interesting being the differences in the gut microbiota beta diversity of 8-week SCI animals compared to control animals at the family, genus, and species level. Specifically, 35 operational taxonomic units were enriched in the SCI animal group and three were identified at species level; Lactobacillus intestinalis, Clostridium disporicum, and Bifidobacterium choerinum. In contrast, Clostridium saccharogumia was identified as depleted in the SCI animal group. Proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-12, macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), and tumor necrosis factor alpha were found to be significantly elevated in intestinal tissue homogenate 4 weeks post-SCI compared to 8-weeks post-injury. Further, levels of IL-1β, IL-12, and MIP-2 significantly correlated with changes in beta diversity 8-weeks post-SCI. Our data provide a greater understanding of the early effects of SCI on the microbiota and gastrointestinal tract, highlighting the need for further investigation to elucidate the mechanism underlying these effects.
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These authors contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:0897-7151
1557-9042
1557-9042
DOI:10.1089/neu.2017.5349