Functional characterization of bitter-taste receptors expressed in mammalian testis
Mammalian spermatogenesis and sperm maturation are susceptible to the effects of internal and external factors. However, how male germ cells interact with and respond to these elements including those potentially toxic substances is poorly understood. Here, we show that many bitter-taste receptors (...
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| Vydáno v: | Molecular human reproduction Ročník 19; číslo 1; s. 17 |
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| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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01.01.2013
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| ISSN: | 1460-2407, 1460-2407 |
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| Abstract | Mammalian spermatogenesis and sperm maturation are susceptible to the effects of internal and external factors. However, how male germ cells interact with and respond to these elements including those potentially toxic substances is poorly understood. Here, we show that many bitter-taste receptors (T2rs), which are believed to function as gatekeepers in the oral cavity to detect and innately prevent the ingestion of poisonous bitter-tasting compounds, are expressed in mouse seminiferous tubules. Our in situ hybridization results indicate that Tas2r transcripts are expressed postmeiotically. Functional analysis showed that mouse spermatids and spermatozoa responded to both naturally occurring and synthetic bitter-tasting compounds by increasing intracellular free calcium concentrations, and individual male germ cells exhibited different ligand-activation profiles, indicating that each cell may express a unique subset of T2r receptors. These calcium responses could be suppressed by a specific bitter-tastant blocker or abolished by the knockout of the gene for the G protein subunit α-gustducin. Taken together, our data strongly suggest that male germ cells, like taste bud cells in the oral cavity and solitary chemosensory cells in the airway, utilize T2r receptors to sense chemicals in the milieu that may affect sperm behavior and fertilization. |
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| AbstractList | Mammalian spermatogenesis and sperm maturation are susceptible to the effects of internal and external factors. However, how male germ cells interact with and respond to these elements including those potentially toxic substances is poorly understood. Here, we show that many bitter-taste receptors (T2rs), which are believed to function as gatekeepers in the oral cavity to detect and innately prevent the ingestion of poisonous bitter-tasting compounds, are expressed in mouse seminiferous tubules. Our in situ hybridization results indicate that Tas2r transcripts are expressed postmeiotically. Functional analysis showed that mouse spermatids and spermatozoa responded to both naturally occurring and synthetic bitter-tasting compounds by increasing intracellular free calcium concentrations, and individual male germ cells exhibited different ligand-activation profiles, indicating that each cell may express a unique subset of T2r receptors. These calcium responses could be suppressed by a specific bitter-tastant blocker or abolished by the knockout of the gene for the G protein subunit α-gustducin. Taken together, our data strongly suggest that male germ cells, like taste bud cells in the oral cavity and solitary chemosensory cells in the airway, utilize T2r receptors to sense chemicals in the milieu that may affect sperm behavior and fertilization.Mammalian spermatogenesis and sperm maturation are susceptible to the effects of internal and external factors. However, how male germ cells interact with and respond to these elements including those potentially toxic substances is poorly understood. Here, we show that many bitter-taste receptors (T2rs), which are believed to function as gatekeepers in the oral cavity to detect and innately prevent the ingestion of poisonous bitter-tasting compounds, are expressed in mouse seminiferous tubules. Our in situ hybridization results indicate that Tas2r transcripts are expressed postmeiotically. Functional analysis showed that mouse spermatids and spermatozoa responded to both naturally occurring and synthetic bitter-tasting compounds by increasing intracellular free calcium concentrations, and individual male germ cells exhibited different ligand-activation profiles, indicating that each cell may express a unique subset of T2r receptors. These calcium responses could be suppressed by a specific bitter-tastant blocker or abolished by the knockout of the gene for the G protein subunit α-gustducin. Taken together, our data strongly suggest that male germ cells, like taste bud cells in the oral cavity and solitary chemosensory cells in the airway, utilize T2r receptors to sense chemicals in the milieu that may affect sperm behavior and fertilization. Mammalian spermatogenesis and sperm maturation are susceptible to the effects of internal and external factors. However, how male germ cells interact with and respond to these elements including those potentially toxic substances is poorly understood. Here, we show that many bitter-taste receptors (T2rs), which are believed to function as gatekeepers in the oral cavity to detect and innately prevent the ingestion of poisonous bitter-tasting compounds, are expressed in mouse seminiferous tubules. Our in situ hybridization results indicate that Tas2r transcripts are expressed postmeiotically. Functional analysis showed that mouse spermatids and spermatozoa responded to both naturally occurring and synthetic bitter-tasting compounds by increasing intracellular free calcium concentrations, and individual male germ cells exhibited different ligand-activation profiles, indicating that each cell may express a unique subset of T2r receptors. These calcium responses could be suppressed by a specific bitter-tastant blocker or abolished by the knockout of the gene for the G protein subunit α-gustducin. Taken together, our data strongly suggest that male germ cells, like taste bud cells in the oral cavity and solitary chemosensory cells in the airway, utilize T2r receptors to sense chemicals in the milieu that may affect sperm behavior and fertilization. |
| Author | Cao, Jie Xu, Jiang Riethmacher, Dieter Iguchi, Naoko Huang, Liquan |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jiang surname: Xu fullname: Xu, Jiang organization: Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Jie surname: Cao fullname: Cao, Jie – sequence: 3 givenname: Naoko surname: Iguchi fullname: Iguchi, Naoko – sequence: 4 givenname: Dieter surname: Riethmacher fullname: Riethmacher, Dieter – sequence: 5 givenname: Liquan surname: Huang fullname: Huang, Liquan |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22983952$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| SubjectTerms | Animals Benzyl Alcohols - pharmacology Caffeine - pharmacology Calcium - metabolism Gene Expression - drug effects Glucosides - pharmacology Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins - deficiency Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins - genetics Humans Male Meiosis - drug effects Meiosis - genetics Mice Phenylthiourea - pharmacology Probenecid - pharmacology Protein Isoforms - genetics Protein Isoforms - metabolism Protein Subunits - deficiency Protein Subunits - genetics Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled - genetics Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled - metabolism RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis RNA, Messenger - genetics Seminiferous Tubules - anatomy & histology Seminiferous Tubules - drug effects Seminiferous Tubules - metabolism Signal Transduction - drug effects Spermatids - drug effects Spermatids - physiology Spermatogenesis - physiology Taste - physiology |
| Title | Functional characterization of bitter-taste receptors expressed in mammalian testis |
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