Molecular and nonmolecular diagnostic methods for invasive fungal infections

Invasive fungal infections constitute a serious threat to an ever-growing population of immunocompromised individuals and other individuals at risk. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as histopathology and culture, which are still considered the gold standards, have low sensitivity, which undersco...

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Veröffentlicht in:Clinical microbiology reviews Jg. 27; H. 3; S. 490
Hauptverfasser: Arvanitis, Marios, Anagnostou, Theodora, Fuchs, Beth Burgwyn, Caliendo, Angela M, Mylonakis, Eleftherios
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: United States 01.07.2014
Schlagworte:
Animals
Fungi - physiology
Humans
Microbiological Techniques - methods
Microbiological Techniques - standards
Mycoses - diagnosis
Mycoses - microbiology
Reproducibility of Results
ISSN:1098-6618, 1098-6618
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Abstract Invasive fungal infections constitute a serious threat to an ever-growing population of immunocompromised individuals and other individuals at risk. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as histopathology and culture, which are still considered the gold standards, have low sensitivity, which underscores the need for the development of new means of detecting fungal infectious agents. Indeed, novel serologic and molecular techniques have been developed and are currently under clinical evaluation. Tests like the galactomannan antigen test for aspergillosis and the β-glucan test for invasive Candida spp. and molds, as well as other antigen and antibody tests, for Cryptococcus spp., Pneumocystis spp., and dimorphic fungi, have already been established as important diagnostic approaches and are implemented in routine clinical practice. On the other hand, PCR and other molecular approaches, such as matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), have proved promising in clinical trials but still need to undergo standardization before their clinical use can become widespread. The purpose of this review is to highlight the different diagnostic approaches that are currently utilized or under development for invasive fungal infections and to identify their performance characteristics and the challenges associated with their use.
AbstractList Invasive fungal infections constitute a serious threat to an ever-growing population of immunocompromised individuals and other individuals at risk. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as histopathology and culture, which are still considered the gold standards, have low sensitivity, which underscores the need for the development of new means of detecting fungal infectious agents. Indeed, novel serologic and molecular techniques have been developed and are currently under clinical evaluation. Tests like the galactomannan antigen test for aspergillosis and the β-glucan test for invasive Candida spp. and molds, as well as other antigen and antibody tests, for Cryptococcus spp., Pneumocystis spp., and dimorphic fungi, have already been established as important diagnostic approaches and are implemented in routine clinical practice. On the other hand, PCR and other molecular approaches, such as matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), have proved promising in clinical trials but still need to undergo standardization before their clinical use can become widespread. The purpose of this review is to highlight the different diagnostic approaches that are currently utilized or under development for invasive fungal infections and to identify their performance characteristics and the challenges associated with their use.Invasive fungal infections constitute a serious threat to an ever-growing population of immunocompromised individuals and other individuals at risk. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as histopathology and culture, which are still considered the gold standards, have low sensitivity, which underscores the need for the development of new means of detecting fungal infectious agents. Indeed, novel serologic and molecular techniques have been developed and are currently under clinical evaluation. Tests like the galactomannan antigen test for aspergillosis and the β-glucan test for invasive Candida spp. and molds, as well as other antigen and antibody tests, for Cryptococcus spp., Pneumocystis spp., and dimorphic fungi, have already been established as important diagnostic approaches and are implemented in routine clinical practice. On the other hand, PCR and other molecular approaches, such as matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), have proved promising in clinical trials but still need to undergo standardization before their clinical use can become widespread. The purpose of this review is to highlight the different diagnostic approaches that are currently utilized or under development for invasive fungal infections and to identify their performance characteristics and the challenges associated with their use.
Invasive fungal infections constitute a serious threat to an ever-growing population of immunocompromised individuals and other individuals at risk. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as histopathology and culture, which are still considered the gold standards, have low sensitivity, which underscores the need for the development of new means of detecting fungal infectious agents. Indeed, novel serologic and molecular techniques have been developed and are currently under clinical evaluation. Tests like the galactomannan antigen test for aspergillosis and the β-glucan test for invasive Candida spp. and molds, as well as other antigen and antibody tests, for Cryptococcus spp., Pneumocystis spp., and dimorphic fungi, have already been established as important diagnostic approaches and are implemented in routine clinical practice. On the other hand, PCR and other molecular approaches, such as matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), have proved promising in clinical trials but still need to undergo standardization before their clinical use can become widespread. The purpose of this review is to highlight the different diagnostic approaches that are currently utilized or under development for invasive fungal infections and to identify their performance characteristics and the challenges associated with their use.
Author Anagnostou, Theodora
Caliendo, Angela M
Mylonakis, Eleftherios
Arvanitis, Marios
Fuchs, Beth Burgwyn
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  givenname: Marios
  surname: Arvanitis
  fullname: Arvanitis, Marios
  organization: Division of Infectious Diseases, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Theodora
  surname: Anagnostou
  fullname: Anagnostou, Theodora
  organization: Division of Infectious Diseases, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Beth Burgwyn
  surname: Fuchs
  fullname: Fuchs, Beth Burgwyn
  organization: Division of Infectious Diseases, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Angela M
  surname: Caliendo
  fullname: Caliendo, Angela M
  organization: Division of Infectious Diseases, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA Division of General Internal Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Eleftherios
  surname: Mylonakis
  fullname: Mylonakis, Eleftherios
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  organization: Division of Infectious Diseases, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA emylonakis@lifespan.org
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24982319$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet Invasive fungal infections constitute a serious threat to an ever-growing population of immunocompromised individuals and other individuals at risk....
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SubjectTerms Animals
Fungi - physiology
Humans
Microbiological Techniques - methods
Microbiological Techniques - standards
Mycoses - diagnosis
Mycoses - microbiology
Reproducibility of Results
Title Molecular and nonmolecular diagnostic methods for invasive fungal infections
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